Application of traditional Chinese medicine nursing technique in hyperten hypertension with insomnia: A literature review

目前,高血压合并失眠仍缺乏统一有效的治疗手段,而中医护理技术能够有效高血压合并失眠患者的失眠症状,降低血压,缓解疲劳,改善焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高生活质量等。中医护理技术在高血压合并失眠患者中的应用不仅包括穴位按摩、穴位贴敷、耳穴压豆等单一中医护理技术的应用,还包括两种或多种中医护理技术的应用等。本文通过综述有关高血压合并失眠的中医护理技术应用现状,旨在为高血压合并失眠患者的治疗提供参考。

History of recurrent miscarriage in traditional Chinese medicine literature

早在1500多年前,中医古籍对复发性流产就有相应的记载.最早把复发性流产当成生殖异常的记载出现在南北朝时期的古籍《产经》上（420A.D.–589A.D.）,许多治疗复发性流产的经典方剂沿用至今.本文回顾了历代医家对复发性流产的病因病机及治疗的认识,列出了中医治疗复发性流产的经典方,以及现代医学中关于复发性流产的药理学研究和临床研究.

Study on Clinical Literature of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Objective:To systematically analyze the basic information,research contents and related problems in the design of literature in the research field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for irritable bowel syndrome,as well as to provide reliable evidence for improving clinical efficacy of IBS.Methods:Clinical observational literatures on the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome by TCM in 2009-2019 were searched in following Chinese databases:Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wan Fang Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP).After selection,included studies were categorized by items as publication time,author regional distribution,treatment of TCM and control group,etc..Then we analyzed and evaluated the clinical effects of TCM treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.Results:1.Of the 986 literatures retrieved,318 met the inclusion criteria,and the number of relative literatures increased year by year.2.There were 224 literatures related to syndrome differentiation,in which 20 types of TCM syndromes were involved.The top three were the syndrome of disharmony between liver and spleen,deficiency of spleen Yang and kidney Yang and deficiency of spleen with damp retention,accounting for 53.12%、15.17% and 8.48%.3.There were 90 literatures on non-dialectical medication,among which Self-made Prescriptions(自拟方) were the most commonly used,accounting for 34.44%.4.There were 39.13% of the control group using antispasmodic.Among the antispasmodic,57.58% was Pinaverium bromide.5.Only 57 literatures were related to the recurrence rate,among which 54 showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).6.There were 142 literatures involved in the observation of adverse reactions of patients,and the adverse reactions mainly included dryness in the mouth,constipation,abdominal pain,diarrhea,nausea,etc..7.After the evaluation of the quality of the included literature,it was found that among the types of randomized controlled trials(RCTs),5 was class Ⅰ,27 were class Ⅱ,and 273 were class Ⅲ;In non-randomized controlled trials,13 were all class Ⅲ.Conclusion:The number of literatures on TCM treatment for irritable bowel syndrome was increasing year by year,showing that more and more attention had been paid to the clinical application and research of TCM by clinical workers and researchers.While In the clinical research of TCM treatment of irritable bowel syndrome,there were some deficiencies,such as non-standard TCM syndrome type,the main subjects of this study were irritable bowel syndrome-D and the international scale for evaluation of irritable bowel syndrome was not used in most of the experiments.Therefore,it is an urgent need for more high-quality clinical research in attempts to provide enough and reliable evidence to guide the medical care.

Classic mechanisms and experimental models for the anti-inflammatory effect of traditional Chinese medicine

Inflammation is a common disease involved in the pathogenesis,complications,and sequelae of a large number of related diseases,and therefore considerable research has been directed toward developing anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used to treat inflammatory and related diseases since ancient times.According to the re-view of abundant modern scientific researches,it is suggested that TCM exhibit anti-inflammatory effects at different levels,and via multiple pathways with various targets,and recently a series of in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory models have been developed for anti-inflammation research in TCM.Currently,the reported classic mechanisms of TCM and experimental models of its anti-inflammatory effects pro-vide reference points and guidance for further research and development of TCM.Importantly,the research clearly confirms that TCM is now and will continue to be an effective form of treatment for many types of inflammation and inflammation-related diseases.

Bibliometrics and visual analysis for clinical research on intervention of traditional Chinese medicine nursing technology on rheumatoid arthritis

Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the current situation,clinical research hot spots,and trends of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing technology in rheumatoid arthritis(RA),to draw a panorama of clinical research,to provide the basis and clues for subsequent high-level evidence integration and further in-depth research.Materials and Methods:Seven databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP),Wanfang Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(Sino-Med),PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library were searched.The bibliometric method and visualization software CiteSpace were used to conduct a multi-dimensional analysis of the included literature.Results:A total of 805 pieces of literature were included(of them,one was written in German and four in English),and the number of published literature showed an increasing trend year by year.There were only 30(3.73%)pieces of literature published in nursing journals.The hot spots of the co-occurrence map were concentrated in:(1)the nursing of fumigation in RA;(2)the efficacy evaluation of TCM nursing technology on pain,joint malformation,and joint dysfunction caused by RA.The included literature themes focused on five TCM technologies:fumigation,moxibustion,acupoint patching,acupoint injection,and Chinese herbal soaking.The beginning year and strength in TCM fumigation were 2012 and 5.2,and those in moxibustion were 2011 and 3.38.Conclusion:The related studies are on the rise.It has entered the field of international readers with clear research hot spots.However,there are still shortcomings such as little literature published in Chinese nursing core journals,few non-Chinese-related documents,and a lack of international exchanges and cooperation.The current research hot spots in this field are TCM fumigation,and the cutting-edge trend of future research may be fumigation and moxibustion technology.It is suggested that further research can focus on evidence integration and original research on the self-optimization of these two techniques.

Screening of traditional Chinese medicine monomers as ribonucleotide reductase M2 inhibitors for tumor treatment

BACKGROUND Ribonucleotide reductase(RR)is a key enzyme in tumor proliferation,especially its subunit-RRM2.Although there are multiple therapeutics for tumors,they all have certain limitations.Given their advantages,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)monomers have become an important source of anti-tumor drugs.Therefore,screening and analysis of TCM monomers with RRM2 inhibition can provide a reference for further anti-tumor drug development.AIM To screen and analyze potential anti-tumor TCM monomers with a good binding capacity to RRM2.METHODS The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database was used to analyze the level of RRM2 gene expression in normal and tumor tissues as well as RRM2's effect on the overall survival rate of tumor patients.TCM monomers that potentially act on RRM2 were screened via literature mining.Using AutoDock software,the screened monomers were docked with the RRM2 protein.RESULTS The expression of RRM2 mRNA in multiple tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues,and it was negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of patients with the majority of tumor types.Through literature mining,we discovered that berberine,ursolic acid,gambogic acid,cinobufagin,quercetin,daphnetin,and osalmide have inhibitory effects on RRM2.The results of molecular docking identified that the above TCM monomers have a strong binding capacity with RRM2 protein,which mainly interacted through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic force.The main binding sites were Arg330,Tyr323,Ser263,and Met350.CONCLUSION RRM2 is an important tumor therapeutic target.The TCM monomers screened have a good binding capacity with the RRM2 protein.

Analysis on the principles of differentiation and prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cancerous fever

基于Logistic回归分析与文献检索探讨中医药治疗癌性发热辨证论治用药规律。检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)、PubMed、MEDLINE、EMBASE,检索日期始于各数据库起始日期,截止至2016年6月30日。对收录的关于中医药治疗癌性发热的相关文献进行筛选,并对用药频次进行统计,采用Logistic多元逐步回归法对癌性发热证型用药进行模型建立。计量统计显示,癌性发热方药使用频次较高的分别为青蒿鳖甲汤,小柴胡汤,血府逐瘀汤,白虎汤,三仁汤。癌性发热证型主要表现为热毒炽盛,阴虚发热,湿热蕴结,气阴两虚,肝经郁热,血瘀发热和阳虚发热7型。基于分型用药回归方程结果,热毒炽盛型中特别用药为柴胡,白芍,黄芩;阴虚发热型中特别用药为柴胡,丹皮;湿热蕴结型中特别用药为赤芍,当归;气阴两虚型中特别用药为半夏,地骨皮,白芍;肝经郁热型中特别用药为青蒿,石膏,茯苓;血瘀发热型中特别用药为知母,黄芩,党参;阳虚发热型中特别用药为柴胡。通过用药频次统计和Logistic回归分析方法可为中医药治疗癌性发热用药及临床辨证论治提供参考。

Treatment of cholecystitis with Chinese herbal medicines:A systematic review of the literature

AIM:To analyze the literature on the use of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of cholecystitis.METHODS:The literature on treatment of cholecystitis with traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) was analyzed based on the principles and methods described by evidence-based medicine(EBM).Eight databases including MEDLINE,EMbase,Cochrane Central(CCTR),four Chinese databases(China Biological MedicineDatabase,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Database of Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals,Database of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology) and Chinese Clinical Registry Center,were searched.Full text articles or abstracts concerning TCM treatment of cholecystitis were selected,categorized according to study design,the strength of evidence,the first author's hospital type,and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:A search of the literature published from 1977 through 2009 yielded 1468 articles in Chinese and 9 in other languages;and 93.92% of the articles focused on clinical studies.No article was of levelⅠevidence,and 9.26% were of level Ⅱ evidence.The literature cited by Science Citation Index(SCI),MEDLINE and core Chinese medical journals accounted for 0.41%,0.68% and 7.29%,respectively.Typically,the articles featured in case reports of illness,examined from the perspective of EBM,were weak in both quality and evidence level,which inconsistently conflicted with the fact that most of the papers were by authors from Level-3 hospitals,the highest possible level evaluated based on their comprehensive quality and academic authenticity in China.CONCLUSION:The published literature on TCM treatment of cholecystitis is of low quality and based on low evidence,and cognitive medicine may functions as a useful supplementary framework for the evaluation.

Systematic evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson's disease

BACKGROUND：To evaluate the quality of the literature addressing traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease.DATA SOURCE：A computer-based online search of Chinese publications from January 2001 to July 2008 was conducted in Chinese Biology Medical Disc Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Search key words were Parkinson＇s disease, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, and Chinese herb therapy.DATA SELECTION：Articles describing randomized, controlled trials and quasi-randomized, controlled trials were included. Literature quality was assessed using the criteria-Systematic evaluation of clinical literature related to treatment of Parkinson＇s disease with traditional Chinese medicine. This included methodology, interventions in the treatment/control group, evaluation criterion of outcomes, and frequency.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：Evaluation criterion of outcomes （various score methods and evaluation scales）, methodological quality, and frequency distribution were all measured.RESULTS：A total of 33 articles with randomized, controlled trials were included. Of these, six described a random method, and the remaining did not describe random allocation methods or random sequence generation methods. None of the studies estimated sample size. Case descriptions of withdrawal and loss to follow-up were unclear. Both the Unified Parkinson＇s Disease Rating Scale and Webster scale were used in the eligible studies as evaluation criteria.CONCLUSION：There are no high-quality studies that address traditional Chinese medicine therapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease in China. Eligible studies were not performed in accordance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement or Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture criteria, and the literature quality was low. The presently used criteria for evaluating therapeutic effects do not completely assess outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease. The identification of precise outcomes should be verified using randomized, controlled studies with adequate controls and proper designs.

Historical Legacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Education in Canada:The Case of Henry C.Lu

This article begins with a review of the publications by Dr.Henry C.Lu,a Canadian-Chinese traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)scholar,educator and writer,and founder of a Vancouver-based TCM college.Dr.Lu has translated many TCM classics and written books extensively on TCM education,TCM clinical practice and Mandarin-Chinese grammar.Aside from his widespread prominence as one of the representative English translators of Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic),Dr.Lu is also noted for his pioneering role in the promotion of TCM education in British Columbia,where he lived and worked for more than half of his life.By making references to and drawing lessons from Dr.Lu’s four-decade-long efforts to help TCM gain legal status and to promote wider application of TCM in Canada,this article also puts forth suggestions for overseas TCM education and international TCM standards for building a global community with a shared future.

Reception of Translated Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Spanish-speaking World:A Survey of Seven Spanish Versions of Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic)

Previous studies on translations of Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic)have focused on English versions;little attention has been given to non-English translations.The present study is the first investigation of the reception of the seven Spanish versions of Huangdi Neijing in terms of three parameters:collection records in libraries worldwide;book reviews and citation counts in international journals;and customer reviews on Amazon.The results revealed four features of Spanish translations and communication of Huangdi Neijing in terms of reception of academia,reception of general readers,the center of translation and communication,and the role of Chinese scholars.These factors demonstrate the marginal status of Spanish translations of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)classics.The implications are summarized in hopes of promoting the translation and communication of TCM classics in the Spanish-speaking world and to provide insights into the communication of TCM culture in the non-English-speaking world.

Research and Analysis on the Origin of the Term“Xinche”in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Translation

Translating the terminology of traditional Chinese medicine(Thereafter referred to as TCM)is the core of translating TCM culture.By analyzing the connotation and denotation of the word“Xinche”(心掣)in Huangdi Neijing(Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine),the earliest existing TCM classic,and by comparing different English translations of the term“Xinche,”we hope to provide certain reference for the standardization of TCM terminology and to share some ideas for the translation of TCM classics.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy： A literature review

目前，糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy, DPN）仍旧缺乏统一有效的治疗手段，而以辨证论治为特点的中医技术（如中药制剂、针刺、熏蒸）则被视为DPN潜在的有效治疗方法。中医护理技术是在中医理论的基础上发展而来的照护手段，其对DPN的照护不仅包括针灸、穴位敷贴等疗法的应用，而且还涉及到患者饮食及情绪的调护，其最终目的在于促进DPN患者皮肤和神经末梢的恢复。本文通过总结近年来国内外有关DPN的中医护理研究成果，以期为DPN的治疗提供参考。

基于文献计量分析皮内针疗法适宜病症与临床应用进展

目的基于文献计量分析皮内针疗法的临床文献,探讨皮内针疗法的适宜病症与临床应用进展。方法通过计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang data)和维普中文期刊数据库中与皮内针疗法相关的临床研究文献,应用文献计量学的方法对皮内针疗法发文量、病谱和适宜病症进行分析。结果临床涉及论文共2220篇,近10年发文量显著增长。皮内针疗法临床涉及病症208种。一级适宜病症为手术后疼痛、失眠症、偏瘫、面神经麻痹;二级适宜病症为肩痛、颈椎病、癌痛、膝骨关节炎、腰椎间盘移位、便秘、头痛;三级适宜病症为带状疱疹、遗尿、放化疗后不良反应、变应性鼻炎、呃逆、面肌痉挛;四级适宜病症包括痛经、高血压、糖尿病、胃肠功能紊乱、痹证、吞咽障碍、腰扭伤、肥胖症。结论皮内针疗法是近年来的临床研究热点,其治疗疾病以痛症居多,其次为各类慢性病。不同针具中,揿针的应用受到广泛关注。

中医经典与临床病例结合的教学方式在中医肿瘤科临床教学实践中的应用效果

目的探讨中医经典与临床病例结合的教学方式在中医肿瘤科临床教学实践中的应用效果。方法选择2021年5月至2022年3月每个周期来上海中医药大学附属普陀医院中医肿瘤科学习的108名医师为研究对象,根据教学方法的不同将其分为常规教学组和经典教学组,各54名。以肿瘤常见病症为课程试验对象,常规教学组应用常规内科学教学方式,经典教学组应用中医经典与临床病例结合的教学方式。比较两组的教学效果。结果经典教学组学生的学习主动性、临床思维能力、自主学习能力、小组合作学习能力及探究学习能力评分均高于常规教学组(P<0.05)。经典教学组学生对病症认识、中西医关联理解、方药认识、经典医籍认识、经典医籍兴趣、论文写作启发的熟悉度高于常规教学组(P<0.05);经典教学组教师对教学方法的熟悉度高于常规教学组(P<0.05)。结论中医经典与临床病例结合的教学方式在中医肿瘤科临床教学实践中的应用效果良好。

基于培养学生中医思维目标的经典课程教学方法探讨

中医思维体现和影响着中医人的素质和修养,是成就高水平中医师的一个不可或缺的重要因素。在“健康中国”国家战略方针的指导之下,随着“新医科”的建设与实施,中医思维成为新时代中医学人才必备的关键能力。因此,如何培养和构建中医学生的中医思维能力成为中医药高等教育质量内涵建设的重要课题之一。基于此,文章将从渗透传统文化、“点破”思维方法、重视思维训练三个方面略谈在经典课程教学中的一些粗浅体会,以供同道参考。

湖湘古代中医药文献的类型与特点述略

湖湘中医药文献既是湖湘先人认识疾病的重要途径,又是湖湘地区中医药知识的重要宝库。从早期的口头传承到简帛、竹木简牍,再到纸质文献,湖湘中医药文献呈现了丰富多样的类型和独特的发展轨迹。周秦两汉时期,湖湘中医药文献开始萌芽,主要以简帛文献为主;魏晋隋唐时期,文献载体逐渐向竹木简牍转变,且养生文献得到发展;宋金元时期,方书集合文献占据主导地位,中医药知识体系更趋完善;明清时期,见证了湖湘中医药文献的鼎盛,特别是处理时疫的文献得到广泛流传。通过厘清湖湘古代中医药文献的类型与特点,展示和挖掘湖湘中医药知识和理论的构建历程,从而促进湖湘中医药及其文献的研究利用。

《神农本草经》与《中国药典》2020年版对中药四气五味表述异同分析

目的明确《神农本草经》与现代中药四气五味表述的差异,为进一步指导临床合理用药提供参考。方法以《神农本草经》收载的365种中药为来源进行统计,《中国药典》2020年版和《临床用药须知》(2015版)收录《神农本草经》记载的药物为研究对象,建立数据库,对比分析中药“四气”“五味”的表述差异。结果本研究共统计203种中药,其中中药四气表述完全不相同的有66种,占32.51%;中药五味表述完全不一致的有20种,占9.85%。结论通过对比《中国药典》《临床用药须知》与《神农本草经》中药“四气”“五味”,大部分中药表述一致,表述不一致的中药值得进一步深入研究。

基于经典名方开发研究的中医药传承创新型人才培养思路探讨

经典名方是中医药学知识体系的重要组成部分,中医药传承创新型人才的培养是中医药绵延发展的重要基石,两者相互融合。文章从经典名方的内涵解读、研究开发、中医药传承与创新理论内涵的解读、人才培养及两者的融合发展3个方面进行综述,以期采用师承教育、院校教学、科研教学等方式将经典名方的开发研究反哺于教学,为培养中医药传承创新型人才添砖加瓦。

仙方活命饮治疗囊性中性粒细胞性肉芽肿性乳腺炎热毒证的临床疗效及机制探讨

目的观察仙方活命饮对囊性中性粒细胞性肉芽肿性乳腺炎(CNGM)热毒证患者的临床疗效及潜在作用机制。方法将72例CNGM热毒证患者随机分为对照组与试验组,每组各36例;试验组予仙方活命饮口服治疗,对照组予左氧氟沙星口服治疗,两组疗程均为14 d。观察比较疾病活动指数、疾病活动度、肿块大小、疼痛数字分级评分法(NRS)评分、炎症指标的变化。免疫荧光法检测乳腺组织内中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(NETs)标志物瓜氨酸化组蛋白H3(CitH3)、髄过氧化物酶(MPO)含量的变化。结果①试验过程中,对照组脱落2例,试验组剔除1例、脱落2例,最终完成试验者67例,其中对照组34例、试验组33例。完成14d药物治疗后进一步接受手术治疗者共40例,其中对照组22例、试验组18例,每组随机选取5例纳入NETs形成相关指标机制分析。②局部症状活动指数,治疗前后组内比较,对照组疼痛活动指数降低(P<0.05),脓肿活动指数升高(P<0.05);试验组肿块、疼痛、红热活动指数均降低(P<0.05)。组间治疗后比较,试验组肿块、疼痛、红热活动指数低于对照组(P<0.05)。③全身症状活动指数,治疗前后组内比较,对照组发热活动指数降低(P<0.05),试验组发热、其他相关炎症症状活动指数降低(P<0.05)。组间治疗后比较,两组各项全身症状活动指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。④疾病活动指数,治疗前后组内比较,对照组全身症状活动指数、疾病活动指数下降(P<0.05),试验组局部、全身症状活动指数及疾病活动指数均下降(P<0.05)。组间治疗后比较,试验组局部症状活动指数、疾病活动指数低于对照组(P<0.05)。⑤治疗后,两组高活动度例数减少、低活动度及中活动度例数增多,其中试验组高活动度比例从78.8%下降到36.4%;两组疾病活动度分布情况比较,试验组优于对照组(P<0.05)。⑥治疗后,试验组肿块变小(P<0.05),对照组肿块大小无明显变化(P>0.05);两组疼痛NRS评分均降低(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。⑦治疗前后组内比较,试验组红细胞沉降率水平降低(P<0.05),对照组白细胞、中性粒细胞水平降低(P<0.05);组间治疗后比较,两组各项炎症指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。⑧治疗后,两组CitH3的光密度(IOD)、面密度(AD)值均下降(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组MPO的IOD、AD值下降(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论仙方活命饮能改善CNGM热毒证患者乳房局部炎症症状,降低疾病活动度,在局部症状改善方面疗效优于左氧氟沙星,在全身症状改善方面疗效与左氧氟沙星相当;其可能通过清除乳腺炎症组织中过量产生的NETs发挥疗效。