The black soil region of Northeast China is one of the most important food production bases and commodity grain bases in China. However, the continual loss and degradation of precious black soil resources has led to d...The black soil region of Northeast China is one of the most important food production bases and commodity grain bases in China. However, the continual loss and degradation of precious black soil resources has led to direct threats to national food security and regional sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize integrated prevention and control experience of small watersheds in black soil region of Northeast China. Tongshuang small watershed, a typical watershed in rolling hills of typical black soil areas in Northeast China, is selected as the study area. Based on nearly 50 years' experience in prevention and control of soil and water loss, the structures and overall benefits of an integrated prevention and control system for soil and water loss are investigated. Then, the 'three defense lines' tri-dimensional protection system with reasonable allocation of different types of soil and water control measures from the hill top to gully is systematically analyzed. The first line on the top hill can weaken and block uphill runoff and sediment, hold water resources and improve soil property. The second line on the hill can truncate slope length, slow down the runoff velocity and reduce erosion energy. The third line in the gully is mainly composed of waterfall engineering, which can inhibit soil erosion and restore land resources. The 'three defense lines' system is feasible for soil and water loss control of small watersheds in the typical black soil region of Northeast China. Through the application of the in Tongshuang small watershed, There are effective improvements in ecological conditions in Tongshuang small watershed after the application of 'three defense lines' soil and water control system. Moreover, the integrated treatment paradigm for soil and water loss in typical black soil region is compared with that in loess region. The results of this study could offer references and experiences for other small watersheds in typical black soil region of Northeast China.展开更多
Taking Youxi County of Fujian Province as an example,the author introduced basic situations of new bio-disaster prevention and control mechanism for forest resource protection and social service works after the forest...Taking Youxi County of Fujian Province as an example,the author introduced basic situations of new bio-disaster prevention and control mechanism for forest resource protection and social service works after the forest tenure reform.Then,the author analyzed new problems faced by bio-disaster prevention and control in forestry.Finally,the author present the existing problems of bio-disaster prevention and control at the county level from five aspects:innovating upon plant quarantine management mechanism;innovation upon survey methods and service modes of bio-disaster monitoring;strengthening and improving construction of bio-disaster monitoring and forecasting network;innovating upon management system for bio-disaster prevention and control;speeding up construction of service system for social prevention and control of bio-disasters.展开更多
[ Objective ] The aim was to study the influence of filamentous algae on the process of water ecological purification. [ Method ] The occurrence mechanism of filamentous algae and its ecological system were summarized...[ Objective ] The aim was to study the influence of filamentous algae on the process of water ecological purification. [ Method ] The occurrence mechanism of filamentous algae and its ecological system were summarized and analyzed. Considering the ecological purification in north- ern Jiangsu, the occurrence and prevention of filamentous algae in water, the method to prevent filamentous algae in polluted water was discussed. [ Result] The results showed that by measures of improving planting density, regular harvesting, and water flow state control before the filamentous algae blooming period, together with improving local pH value, light interference and ecological control during the blooming period, can effectively control the filamentous algae blooming. [ Condusion] The study of the happening mechanism of filamentous algae provided theoretical references and the technical basis in the work of filamentous algae prevention and control.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Science Foundation for Youths ( 41001165,40901133,30901163)
文摘The black soil region of Northeast China is one of the most important food production bases and commodity grain bases in China. However, the continual loss and degradation of precious black soil resources has led to direct threats to national food security and regional sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize integrated prevention and control experience of small watersheds in black soil region of Northeast China. Tongshuang small watershed, a typical watershed in rolling hills of typical black soil areas in Northeast China, is selected as the study area. Based on nearly 50 years' experience in prevention and control of soil and water loss, the structures and overall benefits of an integrated prevention and control system for soil and water loss are investigated. Then, the 'three defense lines' tri-dimensional protection system with reasonable allocation of different types of soil and water control measures from the hill top to gully is systematically analyzed. The first line on the top hill can weaken and block uphill runoff and sediment, hold water resources and improve soil property. The second line on the hill can truncate slope length, slow down the runoff velocity and reduce erosion energy. The third line in the gully is mainly composed of waterfall engineering, which can inhibit soil erosion and restore land resources. The 'three defense lines' system is feasible for soil and water loss control of small watersheds in the typical black soil region of Northeast China. Through the application of the in Tongshuang small watershed, There are effective improvements in ecological conditions in Tongshuang small watershed after the application of 'three defense lines' soil and water control system. Moreover, the integrated treatment paradigm for soil and water loss in typical black soil region is compared with that in loess region. The results of this study could offer references and experiences for other small watersheds in typical black soil region of Northeast China.
文摘Taking Youxi County of Fujian Province as an example,the author introduced basic situations of new bio-disaster prevention and control mechanism for forest resource protection and social service works after the forest tenure reform.Then,the author analyzed new problems faced by bio-disaster prevention and control in forestry.Finally,the author present the existing problems of bio-disaster prevention and control at the county level from five aspects:innovating upon plant quarantine management mechanism;innovation upon survey methods and service modes of bio-disaster monitoring;strengthening and improving construction of bio-disaster monitoring and forecasting network;innovating upon management system for bio-disaster prevention and control;speeding up construction of service system for social prevention and control of bio-disasters.
文摘[ Objective ] The aim was to study the influence of filamentous algae on the process of water ecological purification. [ Method ] The occurrence mechanism of filamentous algae and its ecological system were summarized and analyzed. Considering the ecological purification in north- ern Jiangsu, the occurrence and prevention of filamentous algae in water, the method to prevent filamentous algae in polluted water was discussed. [ Result] The results showed that by measures of improving planting density, regular harvesting, and water flow state control before the filamentous algae blooming period, together with improving local pH value, light interference and ecological control during the blooming period, can effectively control the filamentous algae blooming. [ Condusion] The study of the happening mechanism of filamentous algae provided theoretical references and the technical basis in the work of filamentous algae prevention and control.