Objective:To analyze the value of using virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching model in teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).Methods:Two classes of our nursing program were randomly select...Objective:To analyze the value of using virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching model in teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).Methods:Two classes of our nursing program were randomly selected for the study from September 2022 to September 2023,Class A(52 students,conventional teaching method)and Class B(52 students,virtual reality combined with flipped classroom teaching mode).The assessment scores and independent learning ability scores of the students in the two classes were compared.Results:CPR theory and operation scores,passing rate,and independent learning ability scores of Class B were higher than those of Class A(P<0.05).Conclusion:the use of virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching mode in CPR teaching is conducive to the improvement of students’assessment scores and independent learning ability.展开更多
This article aims to introduce an innovative approach to classroom student participation and academic performance in a flexible learning environment at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University in Thailand.To achieve this goa...This article aims to introduce an innovative approach to classroom student participation and academic performance in a flexible learning environment at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University in Thailand.To achieve this goal,a series of theories,concepts,and related research were reviewed and a comprehensive model of relevant factors was constructed.The research design adopted a mixed methods approach,utilizing quantitative research to test the relationships between variables in the model,followed by qualitative research to gain a deeper understanding of how these factors affect students’grades.Combining the results of quantitative and qualitative research can provide guidance for improving the performance of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University students in flexible learning systems in Thailand.展开更多
In this study,the questionnaire“Influencing Factors of Classroom Quality in Higher Vocational Education”was self-compiled.By using the questionnaire survey method,the research conclusion was drawn that the main fact...In this study,the questionnaire“Influencing Factors of Classroom Quality in Higher Vocational Education”was self-compiled.By using the questionnaire survey method,the research conclusion was drawn that the main factors affecting the classroom teaching quality in higher vocational education were teaching and student factors,teacher factors,and classroom factors based on 2,683 samples.According to the research results,the measures to improve the quality of classroom teaching are put forward,in order to provide guidance for improving the quality of teaching in higher vocational colleges.展开更多
The difficulty of learning English is not only related to interest,but also related to the correctness of learning methods.Especially in English teaching,a comprehensive and in-depth mastery of vocabulary can improve ...The difficulty of learning English is not only related to interest,but also related to the correctness of learning methods.Especially in English teaching,a comprehensive and in-depth mastery of vocabulary can improve the level of English language,learn English knowledge better,and improve the level of cross-cultural communication.The application of corpus in English classroom vocabulary teaching can provide more educational space for vocabulary teaching,enrich teaching methods,and at the same time,facilitate students to learn vocabulary and lay a foundation for learning English language.To this end,this article first describes the important role of corpus application in vocabulary learning in English classroom teaching.Secondly,it discusses the difficulties of vocabulary learning and the factors that affect the quality of learning.Finally,in order to enhance the learning effect of students and improve the teaching level,several learning strategies have been formulated to continuously highlight the practicality of the corpus.展开更多
As China’s education develops,the innovation of curriculum teaching mode has been increasingly emphasized,and the theory of constructivism has become a popular topic in educational research.The purpose of this articl...As China’s education develops,the innovation of curriculum teaching mode has been increasingly emphasized,and the theory of constructivism has become a popular topic in educational research.The purpose of this article is to elucidate the theoretical implications of constructivism by examining the psychological mechanisms involved in individual constructivist activities.From setting learning objectives,researching problems,learning to present ideas,reflecting and evaluating,etc.,this paper expounds on the application of constructivism theory in curriculum teaching.Besides,strategies for implementing the constructivism theory in curriculum teaching are also proposed,so as to promote autonomous learning and the sustainable development of students.展开更多
Objective:This paper aims to study the application of flipped classroom teaching model based on micro-course in the practical training teaching of contact lens fitting technology.Methods:From September 21 to July 23,1...Objective:This paper aims to study the application of flipped classroom teaching model based on micro-course in the practical training teaching of contact lens fitting technology.Methods:From September 21 to July 23,120 students majoring in ophthalmology and optometry were selected and randomly divided into groups.The control group adopted the traditional teaching mode,and the study group adopted the flipped classroom teaching mode based on micro-course.Teaching scores and the skills,observation and judgment,adaptability,and communication skills were compared between the groups.Results:Statistical comparison of teaching scores under different management methods showed that the clinical thinking score and practice work quality in the study group were higher than those of the control group,and the effect of the study group was better(P<0.05).The overall scores of skills,observation and judgment,adaptability,and communication skills of the study group were better than those in the control group,and the comprehensive ability scores in the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion:In practical training teaching of contact lens fitting technology,the application of flipped classroom teaching based on micro-course can improve the skill scores of personnel,and the overall effect is good.This can lay the foundation for advanced ophthalmology and optometry talents with profound theoretical knowledge and professional skills.展开更多
Non-English majors' evaluation on teachers is a vital way to get feedback of English language classroom teaching and learning. This paper reports on a study which used a discourse-analytic approach to look into the e...Non-English majors' evaluation on teachers is a vital way to get feedback of English language classroom teaching and learning. This paper reports on a study which used a discourse-analytic approach to look into the existing problems in English classroom teaching at undergraduates' level. The ways of searching solutions for the problems are also discussed.展开更多
With the rapid development and furthering of higher education, most Chinese colleges have carried out large-scale enrollment program, which is a necessary improvement toward higher education reform. Meanwhile, the inc...With the rapid development and furthering of higher education, most Chinese colleges have carried out large-scale enrollment program, which is a necessary improvement toward higher education reform. Meanwhile, the increasing number of students has posed new problems and requirements for the old teaching method: the English teachers are facing more students and larger classes. In Zhejiang University, City College (ZUCC) the credit system and course selection has challenged the English teachers on a higher level. Every English teacher is facing classes of more than 40 students from various departments with sharp contrast among individual students in their English proficiency level and local background. How can every student actively participate in teaching activity so as to achieve better performance in English class? Many teachers, therefore, have adopted team activity and cooperative teaching method to stimulate student participation in class. Inspired by the management theory to optimize student groups into independent teams, the concept of team construction and team management has been introduced into College English Teaching in ZUCC, which has given new meaning to team activity--it will become an interdisciplinary teaching method with its own feature.展开更多
This paper aims to analyze the differences between China and UK classroom teaching in middle school based on a case study ofa BBC documentary, Are Our Kids Tough Enough-Chinese School. The author found that there were...This paper aims to analyze the differences between China and UK classroom teaching in middle school based on a case study ofa BBC documentary, Are Our Kids Tough Enough-Chinese School. The author found that there were many significant differences between the two countries in terms of the relationship between teacher and student, classroom teaching style and teaching methods.展开更多
With the reform and development of China's primary school art education,the art teaching activities have obtained constant improvement,and the multiple evaluation of art teaching plays an important role in the pro...With the reform and development of China's primary school art education,the art teaching activities have obtained constant improvement,and the multiple evaluation of art teaching plays an important role in the process of art teaching.Based on the current situation of the evaluation of art classroom teaching in rural primary schools,this article uses diversified evaluation methods,multi-dimensional evaluation subjects and multiple evaluation contents to change the traditional and single primary art classroom evaluation method,to strive to improve the quality of art classroom teaching and stimulate students'learning interests and adapt to the development needs of students with different personalities.展开更多
Most of the content of the course Meteorology and Climatology in common colleges and universities is what students are interested in,and most students have been exposed to or understood many contents.When studying thi...Most of the content of the course Meteorology and Climatology in common colleges and universities is what students are interested in,and most students have been exposed to or understood many contents.When studying this part of the content,students often show varying degrees of interest.Of course,each student s own situation is different.In classroom teaching,teachers should comprehensively consider various factors.Especially in the network classroom teaching situation,teachers should combine the learning content to use multi platform teaching in the teaching,students performance to flexibly carry out interaction between teachers and students,and students own situation to pay attention to individualized cultivation.展开更多
Flipped classroom teaching is a new teaching mode introduced from the United States. The reason why it is defined so is because of it overturn the traditional teaching procedure "classroom information impartation - k...Flipped classroom teaching is a new teaching mode introduced from the United States. The reason why it is defined so is because of it overturn the traditional teaching procedure "classroom information impartation - knowledge internalization after class," and at the same time, it also transforms every elements of teaching. For chemistry, which is a very practical course, the introduction of the new teaching mode is an opportunity and also a challenge for us, we need to study carefully and keep trying.展开更多
In the listening teaching classes in colleges and universities, it is still a common phenomenon that the teaching is conducted in a fixed mode: explanation of new words, listening and doing exercises and then checkin...In the listening teaching classes in colleges and universities, it is still a common phenomenon that the teaching is conducted in a fixed mode: explanation of new words, listening and doing exercises and then checking of answers. Interactive activities are scarcely held. This article focuses on the application of communicative principles in classroom teaching of listening. The theoretic support for this practice is provided and the conduct of the specific application of communicative principles during the pre-listening, while-listening and post-listening phases in classroom teaching of listening is discussed.展开更多
In recent years,college English teaching in China has made some achievements,but there are still existing many problems,such as inadequate teaching conditions,differences of teachers’professional knowledge and stude...In recent years,college English teaching in China has made some achievements,but there are still existing many problems,such as inadequate teaching conditions,differences of teachers’professional knowledge and students’lack of interest in translation course,all of which make it difficult to improve the quality of English translation teaching.Therefore,strengthening college English teaching,especially translation teaching is necessary.展开更多
Classroom is an important environment for communication in teaching events.Therefore,both school and society should pay more attention to it.However,in the traditional teaching classroom,there is actually a relatively...Classroom is an important environment for communication in teaching events.Therefore,both school and society should pay more attention to it.However,in the traditional teaching classroom,there is actually a relatively lack of communication and exchanges.Facial expression recognition is a branch of facial recognition technology with high precision.Even in large teaching scenes,it can capture the changes of students’facial expressions and analyze their concentration accurately.This paper expounds the concept of this technology,and studies the evaluation of classroom teaching effects based on facial expression recognition.展开更多
Politeness Principle is the most important principle in language communication, which is also the key factor in language application. To achieve the successful communication, communicators not only observe Cooperation...Politeness Principle is the most important principle in language communication, which is also the key factor in language application. To achieve the successful communication, communicators not only observe Cooperation Principle, but also Politeness Principle. The traditional English classroom teaching generally follow CP in universities, however, PP gradually becomes the basic norms in the influence of ecological teaching idea. This paper attempts to study application of PP in teaching combined with video transfer materials, aiming to stimulate students' enthusiasm on learning English and improve teachers' teaching level, building up a harmonious and friendly classroom environment.展开更多
At present,in the high school English classroom teaching,there are still some problems,which is an obstacle to hinder the smooth development of English teaching,in this case,in order to improve the efficiency of the h...At present,in the high school English classroom teaching,there are still some problems,which is an obstacle to hinder the smooth development of English teaching,in this case,in order to improve the efficiency of the high school English teaching,the use of this method has been used which can largely improve the students’interest in learning,to build interesting class.This paper analyzes the application of interactive teaching method in English classroom teaching for reference.展开更多
With the advantages of real-time analysis and visual evaluation results,intelligent technology-enabled teaching behavior evaluation has gradually become a powerful means to help teachers adjust teaching behaviors and ...With the advantages of real-time analysis and visual evaluation results,intelligent technology-enabled teaching behavior evaluation has gradually become a powerful means to help teachers adjust teaching behaviors and improve teaching quality.However,at present,the evaluation of intelligent teachers’behaviors is still in the preliminary exploration stage,and the application research is not deep enough.This paper analyzes the application of intelligent technology in the evaluation of teachers’classroom teaching behaviors from the perspectives of evaluation data,methods,and results.Voice print recognition technology is used to recognize the teachers’identities and track the speech in the classroom videos,and the videos are segmented.Then,the evaluation framework of teachers’classroom teaching behaviors is constructed using three dimensions of emotion,posture,and position preference.Finally,evaluation results are presented to teachers in a more intuitive and easy-to-understand visual way,to help teachers reflect on teaching.This paper aims to promote the transformation of teachers’classroom teaching behavior evaluation toward an intelligent,efficient,and sustainable direction through current research.展开更多
An empirical study of Chinese EFL learners has been carried out in the authentic Chinese EFL classroom on the campus of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, with an aim to verify how and why the cognitive linguistic ap...An empirical study of Chinese EFL learners has been carried out in the authentic Chinese EFL classroom on the campus of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, with an aim to verify how and why the cognitive linguistic approach can facilitate L2 or FL learners in the process of learning English as a second or a foreign language. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the EC outperformed the CC both on lexical and grammatical proficiency and on their metaphorical and pragmatic or sociolinguist competence after the classroom treatment. Thestudy has concluded that using CMs and IMs as the motivator and organizer in the process of learning English as a foreign language, the cognitive approach benefits L2 or FL learners with respect to comprehension and retention of memory.展开更多
Code-switching is considered as a strategy of cognition, interaction and teaching. Foreign language teachers often use code-switching as a skill of pedagogy to teach students to learn foreign language and promote thei...Code-switching is considered as a strategy of cognition, interaction and teaching. Foreign language teachers often use code-switching as a skill of pedagogy to teach students to learn foreign language and promote their own teaching practice. Evidence shows that the proper sue of code-switching will promote English teaching practice, however, it is arguable that how to use native language to improve English teaching. This paper will discuss code-switching in Chinese English teaching with the SLA theories and put forward some guidance to teacher talk code-switching.展开更多
文摘Objective:To analyze the value of using virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching model in teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).Methods:Two classes of our nursing program were randomly selected for the study from September 2022 to September 2023,Class A(52 students,conventional teaching method)and Class B(52 students,virtual reality combined with flipped classroom teaching mode).The assessment scores and independent learning ability scores of the students in the two classes were compared.Results:CPR theory and operation scores,passing rate,and independent learning ability scores of Class B were higher than those of Class A(P<0.05).Conclusion:the use of virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching mode in CPR teaching is conducive to the improvement of students’assessment scores and independent learning ability.
文摘This article aims to introduce an innovative approach to classroom student participation and academic performance in a flexible learning environment at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University in Thailand.To achieve this goal,a series of theories,concepts,and related research were reviewed and a comprehensive model of relevant factors was constructed.The research design adopted a mixed methods approach,utilizing quantitative research to test the relationships between variables in the model,followed by qualitative research to gain a deeper understanding of how these factors affect students’grades.Combining the results of quantitative and qualitative research can provide guidance for improving the performance of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University students in flexible learning systems in Thailand.
文摘In this study,the questionnaire“Influencing Factors of Classroom Quality in Higher Vocational Education”was self-compiled.By using the questionnaire survey method,the research conclusion was drawn that the main factors affecting the classroom teaching quality in higher vocational education were teaching and student factors,teacher factors,and classroom factors based on 2,683 samples.According to the research results,the measures to improve the quality of classroom teaching are put forward,in order to provide guidance for improving the quality of teaching in higher vocational colleges.
基金This paper is the research result of the school level scientific research project of Chengdu College of Arts and Sciences,“Research on the Interpretation of Chinese Cultural Images and Translation Teaching Strategies in Accordance With Internationalization Strategy”(Fund Project No.:WLYB2022066)the research result of China Private Education Association’s 2022 annual planning topic“Research on the Application of Corpus in English Teaching in Private Colleges and Universities”(Fund Project No.:CANFZG22201).
文摘The difficulty of learning English is not only related to interest,but also related to the correctness of learning methods.Especially in English teaching,a comprehensive and in-depth mastery of vocabulary can improve the level of English language,learn English knowledge better,and improve the level of cross-cultural communication.The application of corpus in English classroom vocabulary teaching can provide more educational space for vocabulary teaching,enrich teaching methods,and at the same time,facilitate students to learn vocabulary and lay a foundation for learning English language.To this end,this article first describes the important role of corpus application in vocabulary learning in English classroom teaching.Secondly,it discusses the difficulties of vocabulary learning and the factors that affect the quality of learning.Finally,in order to enhance the learning effect of students and improve the teaching level,several learning strategies have been formulated to continuously highlight the practicality of the corpus.
文摘As China’s education develops,the innovation of curriculum teaching mode has been increasingly emphasized,and the theory of constructivism has become a popular topic in educational research.The purpose of this article is to elucidate the theoretical implications of constructivism by examining the psychological mechanisms involved in individual constructivist activities.From setting learning objectives,researching problems,learning to present ideas,reflecting and evaluating,etc.,this paper expounds on the application of constructivism theory in curriculum teaching.Besides,strategies for implementing the constructivism theory in curriculum teaching are also proposed,so as to promote autonomous learning and the sustainable development of students.
基金Baicheng Medical College 2020 school-based project.2020 General Topic“Practical Research on Project-Based Teaching in the Course of Contact Lens Fitting Technology”(Project number:BYZB2020031)。
文摘Objective:This paper aims to study the application of flipped classroom teaching model based on micro-course in the practical training teaching of contact lens fitting technology.Methods:From September 21 to July 23,120 students majoring in ophthalmology and optometry were selected and randomly divided into groups.The control group adopted the traditional teaching mode,and the study group adopted the flipped classroom teaching mode based on micro-course.Teaching scores and the skills,observation and judgment,adaptability,and communication skills were compared between the groups.Results:Statistical comparison of teaching scores under different management methods showed that the clinical thinking score and practice work quality in the study group were higher than those of the control group,and the effect of the study group was better(P<0.05).The overall scores of skills,observation and judgment,adaptability,and communication skills of the study group were better than those in the control group,and the comprehensive ability scores in the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion:In practical training teaching of contact lens fitting technology,the application of flipped classroom teaching based on micro-course can improve the skill scores of personnel,and the overall effect is good.This can lay the foundation for advanced ophthalmology and optometry talents with profound theoretical knowledge and professional skills.
文摘Non-English majors' evaluation on teachers is a vital way to get feedback of English language classroom teaching and learning. This paper reports on a study which used a discourse-analytic approach to look into the existing problems in English classroom teaching at undergraduates' level. The ways of searching solutions for the problems are also discussed.
文摘With the rapid development and furthering of higher education, most Chinese colleges have carried out large-scale enrollment program, which is a necessary improvement toward higher education reform. Meanwhile, the increasing number of students has posed new problems and requirements for the old teaching method: the English teachers are facing more students and larger classes. In Zhejiang University, City College (ZUCC) the credit system and course selection has challenged the English teachers on a higher level. Every English teacher is facing classes of more than 40 students from various departments with sharp contrast among individual students in their English proficiency level and local background. How can every student actively participate in teaching activity so as to achieve better performance in English class? Many teachers, therefore, have adopted team activity and cooperative teaching method to stimulate student participation in class. Inspired by the management theory to optimize student groups into independent teams, the concept of team construction and team management has been introduced into College English Teaching in ZUCC, which has given new meaning to team activity--it will become an interdisciplinary teaching method with its own feature.
文摘This paper aims to analyze the differences between China and UK classroom teaching in middle school based on a case study ofa BBC documentary, Are Our Kids Tough Enough-Chinese School. The author found that there were many significant differences between the two countries in terms of the relationship between teacher and student, classroom teaching style and teaching methods.
基金Research Project of Degree and Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform of Jiangxi Normal University(YJG201804)。
文摘With the reform and development of China's primary school art education,the art teaching activities have obtained constant improvement,and the multiple evaluation of art teaching plays an important role in the process of art teaching.Based on the current situation of the evaluation of art classroom teaching in rural primary schools,this article uses diversified evaluation methods,multi-dimensional evaluation subjects and multiple evaluation contents to change the traditional and single primary art classroom evaluation method,to strive to improve the quality of art classroom teaching and stimulate students'learning interests and adapt to the development needs of students with different personalities.
文摘Most of the content of the course Meteorology and Climatology in common colleges and universities is what students are interested in,and most students have been exposed to or understood many contents.When studying this part of the content,students often show varying degrees of interest.Of course,each student s own situation is different.In classroom teaching,teachers should comprehensively consider various factors.Especially in the network classroom teaching situation,teachers should combine the learning content to use multi platform teaching in the teaching,students performance to flexibly carry out interaction between teachers and students,and students own situation to pay attention to individualized cultivation.
文摘Flipped classroom teaching is a new teaching mode introduced from the United States. The reason why it is defined so is because of it overturn the traditional teaching procedure "classroom information impartation - knowledge internalization after class," and at the same time, it also transforms every elements of teaching. For chemistry, which is a very practical course, the introduction of the new teaching mode is an opportunity and also a challenge for us, we need to study carefully and keep trying.
文摘In the listening teaching classes in colleges and universities, it is still a common phenomenon that the teaching is conducted in a fixed mode: explanation of new words, listening and doing exercises and then checking of answers. Interactive activities are scarcely held. This article focuses on the application of communicative principles in classroom teaching of listening. The theoretic support for this practice is provided and the conduct of the specific application of communicative principles during the pre-listening, while-listening and post-listening phases in classroom teaching of listening is discussed.
文摘In recent years,college English teaching in China has made some achievements,but there are still existing many problems,such as inadequate teaching conditions,differences of teachers’professional knowledge and students’lack of interest in translation course,all of which make it difficult to improve the quality of English translation teaching.Therefore,strengthening college English teaching,especially translation teaching is necessary.
基金This study was supported by Doctoral Foundation of Jiaxing University(cd70519047).
文摘Classroom is an important environment for communication in teaching events.Therefore,both school and society should pay more attention to it.However,in the traditional teaching classroom,there is actually a relatively lack of communication and exchanges.Facial expression recognition is a branch of facial recognition technology with high precision.Even in large teaching scenes,it can capture the changes of students’facial expressions and analyze their concentration accurately.This paper expounds the concept of this technology,and studies the evaluation of classroom teaching effects based on facial expression recognition.
文摘Politeness Principle is the most important principle in language communication, which is also the key factor in language application. To achieve the successful communication, communicators not only observe Cooperation Principle, but also Politeness Principle. The traditional English classroom teaching generally follow CP in universities, however, PP gradually becomes the basic norms in the influence of ecological teaching idea. This paper attempts to study application of PP in teaching combined with video transfer materials, aiming to stimulate students' enthusiasm on learning English and improve teachers' teaching level, building up a harmonious and friendly classroom environment.
文摘At present,in the high school English classroom teaching,there are still some problems,which is an obstacle to hinder the smooth development of English teaching,in this case,in order to improve the efficiency of the high school English teaching,the use of this method has been used which can largely improve the students’interest in learning,to build interesting class.This paper analyzes the application of interactive teaching method in English classroom teaching for reference.
文摘With the advantages of real-time analysis and visual evaluation results,intelligent technology-enabled teaching behavior evaluation has gradually become a powerful means to help teachers adjust teaching behaviors and improve teaching quality.However,at present,the evaluation of intelligent teachers’behaviors is still in the preliminary exploration stage,and the application research is not deep enough.This paper analyzes the application of intelligent technology in the evaluation of teachers’classroom teaching behaviors from the perspectives of evaluation data,methods,and results.Voice print recognition technology is used to recognize the teachers’identities and track the speech in the classroom videos,and the videos are segmented.Then,the evaluation framework of teachers’classroom teaching behaviors is constructed using three dimensions of emotion,posture,and position preference.Finally,evaluation results are presented to teachers in a more intuitive and easy-to-understand visual way,to help teachers reflect on teaching.This paper aims to promote the transformation of teachers’classroom teaching behavior evaluation toward an intelligent,efficient,and sustainable direction through current research.
文摘An empirical study of Chinese EFL learners has been carried out in the authentic Chinese EFL classroom on the campus of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, with an aim to verify how and why the cognitive linguistic approach can facilitate L2 or FL learners in the process of learning English as a second or a foreign language. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the EC outperformed the CC both on lexical and grammatical proficiency and on their metaphorical and pragmatic or sociolinguist competence after the classroom treatment. Thestudy has concluded that using CMs and IMs as the motivator and organizer in the process of learning English as a foreign language, the cognitive approach benefits L2 or FL learners with respect to comprehension and retention of memory.
文摘Code-switching is considered as a strategy of cognition, interaction and teaching. Foreign language teachers often use code-switching as a skill of pedagogy to teach students to learn foreign language and promote their own teaching practice. Evidence shows that the proper sue of code-switching will promote English teaching practice, however, it is arguable that how to use native language to improve English teaching. This paper will discuss code-switching in Chinese English teaching with the SLA theories and put forward some guidance to teacher talk code-switching.