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Research on regional capability constructive models of clean development mechanism
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作者 Chen Leishan Liu Qingqiang +1 位作者 Geng Jie Lu Genfa 《Ecological Economy》 2009年第2期112-121,共10页
Global climate change has been identified as the first of the top ten environmental problems in the world. As climate change will have serious effects on the social and economic development and everyday, living of peo... Global climate change has been identified as the first of the top ten environmental problems in the world. As climate change will have serious effects on the social and economic development and everyday, living of people in the world, many of the countries and governments are taking untiring efforts to combat climate change. As one of the important mechanisms of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Kyoto Protocol, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has not only provided chance for developed countries to fulfill greenhouse emission reduction obligations, but also provided an opportunity for developing countries to combat climate change under the sustainable development frame. The dual objectives of developed countries' GHG emissions' reduction obligation achievement and developing cotmtries'sustainable development will be achieved under the CDM. As a country with responsibility; China has been positively developing CDM projects and promoting energy saving and emissions reduction during the three yeors after the Kyoto Protocol came into force, and CDM projects development has always been in the front tank in the world. However; as the vast clime within China, notable differences occur in different regions. In order to promote the CDM development in China, it is necessa^T to have regional CDM capability construction in accordance with the practicality in different regions. Based on the Slat Analysis of developed CDM projects and current CDM development status in China, problems in the CDM development of China, including the inefficiency in small and medium-sized CDM Projects' development, over centralization of CDM development scope and especially the differentiated provincial CDM projects developing capability are pointed out in the paper: What's more, reasons for the problems are analyzed from fire leading.factors, including policy orient, information asymmetry and weak CDM capability, In order to promote CDM projects development in China, a new CDM capability, construction model is put forward in the paper. 展开更多
关键词 clean development mechanism (cdm Capability construction MODEL
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Conversion of carbon dioxide to valuable petrochemicals:An approach to clean development mechanism 被引量:8
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作者 Farnaz Tahriri Zangeneh Saeed Sahebdelfar Maryam Takht Ravanchi 《Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry》 EI CAS CSCD 2011年第3期219-231,共13页
The increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide and the global warming due to its greenhouse effect resulted in worldwide concerns. On the other hand, carbon dioxide might be considered as a valuable and renewable carbon s... The increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide and the global warming due to its greenhouse effect resulted in worldwide concerns. On the other hand, carbon dioxide might be considered as a valuable and renewable carbon source. One approach to reduce carbon dioxide emissions could be its capture and recycle via transformation into chemicals using the technologies in C1 chemistry. Despite its great interest, there are difficulties in CO2 separation on the one hand, and thermodynamic stability of carbon dioxide molecule rendering its chemical activity low on the other hand. Carbon dioxide has been already used in petrochemical industries for production of limited chemicals such as urea. The utilization of carbon dioxide does not necessarily involve development of new processes, and in certain processes such as methanol synthesis and methane steam reforming, addition of CO2 into the feed results in its utilization and increases carbon efficiency. In other cases, modifications in catalyst and/or processes, or even new catalysts and processes, are necessary. In either case, catalysis plays a crucial role in carbon dioxide conversion and effective catalysts are required for commercial realization of the related processes. Technologies for CO2 utilization are emerging after many years of research and development efforts. 展开更多
关键词 carbon dioxide utilization C1 chemistry clean development mechanism CATALYSIS greenhouse effects
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The Clean Development Mechanism and Sustainable Development in China's Electricity Sector
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作者 Paul A.Steenhof 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 北大核心 2005年第2期3-13,共11页
The Clean Development Mechanism,a flexibility mechanism contained in the KyotoProtocol, offers China an important tool to attractinvestment in clean energy technology and processesinto its electricity sector. The Chin... The Clean Development Mechanism,a flexibility mechanism contained in the KyotoProtocol, offers China an important tool to attractinvestment in clean energy technology and processesinto its electricity sector. The Chinese electricitysector places centrally in the country’s economy andenvironment, being a significant contributor to theacid rain and air pollution problems that plague manyof China’s cities and regions, and therefore a focusof many related energy and environmental policies.China’s electricity sector has also been the subjectof a number of economic analyses that have showedthat it contains the highest potential for clean energyinvestment through the Clean DevelopmentMechanism of any economic sector in China. Thismechanism, through the active participation frominvestors in more industrialized countries, can helpalleviate the environmental problems attributable toelectricity generation in China through advancingsuch technology as wind electricity generation, cleancoal technology, high efficient natural gas electricitygeneration, or utilization of coal mine methane. Inthis context, the Clean Development Mechanismalso compliments a range of environmental and energypolicies which are strategizing to encourage thesustainable development of China’s economy. 展开更多
关键词 clean development mechanism(cdm) greenhouse gas emissions climate policy China’s electricity sector
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Outcomes of the Clean Development Mechanism in Argentina
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作者 Gabriel Blanco Verónica Córdoba +2 位作者 Romina Baldi Mónica Fernández Estela Santalla 《American Journal of Climate Change》 2016年第4期431-447,共18页
This paper summarizes the results of the implementation of the CDM in Argentina during the first period of commitment of the Kyoto Protocol. From a total of sixty- five projects ideas, forty-four achieved registration... This paper summarizes the results of the implementation of the CDM in Argentina during the first period of commitment of the Kyoto Protocol. From a total of sixty- five projects ideas, forty-four achieved registration under the CDM EB while the rest remained approved at national level (12), under evaluation (2), suspended (5) or rejected (2). Most of the projects focused on the generation of electricity from renewable energy, mainly wind energy and the use of landfill gas and methane for energy. Emissions reductions achieved 33.4% of the expected CERs up to 2012 with strong differences among sectors. Results demonstrated that under the current Argentina’s energy policy framework, the income by the selling of CERs covered less than 6% of the incremental costs for renewable energy projects. A sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of CDM in the coverage of incremental costs for renewable energy based on the prices of both the energy in the local market and the CER demonstrated that the best conditions would only cover 15% of those costs. The contribution of CDM to technology transfer in Argentina was minor considering that 45% of the projects qualified as type III where technological learning and capacity building were limited at the level of operation and maintenance of a foreign technology. Domestic and external barriers that prevented a better performance of CDM projects in terms of GHG mitigation, technology transfer and the contribution to a sustainable development were also analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 clean development mechanism GHG Emissions Incremental Cost Renewable Energy ARGENTINA
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CDM Project Activities in China's Iron and Steel Industry:Current Status,Barriers and Development Strategies
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作者 Rong Fang Zeng Shaojun +1 位作者 Yu Huijin Lan Yuxin 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2010年第1期47-54,共8页
China is now facing huge pressure from both the domestic concern of energy security and the global community's call for emission reduction commitment.As one of the major energy consumers and greenhouse gas emitter... China is now facing huge pressure from both the domestic concern of energy security and the global community's call for emission reduction commitment.As one of the major energy consumers and greenhouse gas emitters,China's iron and steel industry has a huge clean development mechanism(CDM) potential.This article both quantitatively and qualitatively analyzes the current status of CDM project activities in the iron and steel industry in China,including characteristics of approved project types,applicable methodologies,and potential technology fields.From the perspective of project implementation,the article summarizes development barriers such as high investment risk,difficulty in project identification,strict requirements on PPDs,long registration waiting time,and etc.Policy suggestions are also put forwarded to help better promote the development of CDM projects in the iron and steel industry. 展开更多
关键词 climate change clean development mechanism iron and steel industry energy conservation
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The Influencing Factors of sCER Price Dynamics Under the Clean Development Mechanism: Theory and Econometric Analysis 被引量:3
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作者 ZHANG Chen WU Yaqi YANG Yu 《Journal of Systems Science & Complexity》 SCIE EI CSCD 2018年第5期1244-1272,共29页
In order to explore the factors and their complex mechanism affecting the price dynamics under the clean development mechanism (CDM), this article employs the secondary Certified Emission Reduction (sCER) carbon p... In order to explore the factors and their complex mechanism affecting the price dynamics under the clean development mechanism (CDM), this article employs the secondary Certified Emission Reduction (sCER) carbon price as the study object, and analyzes its influencing factors from aspects of the international carbon-reduction policies, macroeconomic fluctuations, energy and similar carbon products prices. The innovation of this paper lies in: Introducing necessary factor (the developing countries pricing power) and the application of several international representative indicators to un- derline the "world" nature of CDM; utilizing different econometric models to obtain noteworthy and more robust results. The authors test the theoretical findings with multiple stationary time series from the launch of CDM to present (2008-2016). The results reveal that sCER price fluctuation shows the characteristic of asymmetry and substantial persistence. There is a strong statistically significant relationship between macroeconomic conditions, coal and oil prices, with the price of sCER. The authors discover that the pricing power of developing countries indeed has a clear but small impact on the sCER price changes, whereas the price elasticity of supply under CDM is so weak. The interaction between EU emission allowances (EUAs) and sCER presents a shift from dependency to substitution. 展开更多
关键词 clean development mechanism econometric analysis influencing factors sCER carbonprice.
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CDM造林或再造林项目的基线问题 被引量:29
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作者 武曙红 张小全 李俊清 《林业科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第4期112-116,共5页
从定义、类型、准则和确定方法等方面论述造林或再造林项目有关基线的问题;对目前确定CDM造林、再造林项目活动基线的方法进行分析和比较,并提出建议:我国在进行CDM造林或再造林项目时,可采用半结构化的特定项目级基线方法来提高项目基... 从定义、类型、准则和确定方法等方面论述造林或再造林项目有关基线的问题;对目前确定CDM造林、再造林项目活动基线的方法进行分析和比较,并提出建议:我国在进行CDM造林或再造林项目时,可采用半结构化的特定项目级基线方法来提高项目基线计算的一致性、可比性和总体质量。 展开更多
关键词 清洁发展机制(cdm) 造林或再造林项目 基线
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Emission Baselines for Clean Development Mechanism Projects: Residential Heating Case in Beijing
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作者 郭京菲 马玉清 《Tsinghua Science and Technology》 EI CAS 2000年第3期328-332,共5页
To explore emission baseline, technically the most difficult issue for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project development, as well as to examine whether CDM is a possible way to help Beijing restructure its heating... To explore emission baseline, technically the most difficult issue for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project development, as well as to examine whether CDM is a possible way to help Beijing restructure its heating energy consumption, this paper conducts a CDM baseline case study on residential heating in Beijing. Based on investigation, energy consumption forecast and economic analysis of future technology options, the technology benchmark and site specific baselines for both retrofit projects and new heating projects have been discussed. The results indicate that fuel switching from coal to natural gas can meet the additionality criteria in many cases and will be the main type of CDM project. In addition, it also proves that the technology benchmark and the case by case baseline setting approach are applicable for future CDM cooperation projects on heating in Beijing. 展开更多
关键词 clean development mechanism district heating baseline determination
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清洁发展机制(CDM)与我国水电开发 被引量:15
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作者 吴世勇 申满斌 陈求稳 《水力发电学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2008年第6期53-55,共3页
2005年正式生效的《京都议定书》旨在限制全球温室气体排放总量,是国际社会共同应对全球性气候变化的重要举措。该议定书提出的清洁发展机制(CDM)规定发达国家可以通过提供资金、技术等方式帮助发展中国家实施减排来完成自己的温室气体... 2005年正式生效的《京都议定书》旨在限制全球温室气体排放总量,是国际社会共同应对全球性气候变化的重要举措。该议定书提出的清洁发展机制(CDM)规定发达国家可以通过提供资金、技术等方式帮助发展中国家实施减排来完成自己的温室气体减排义务。中国是最重要的发展中国家之一,CDM机制为我国节能减排、促进可持续发展提供了良好的机遇,也给我国相关行业发展带来巨大的商机。水电是清洁可再生能源,对减少温室气体排放具有重要作用,也是开发CDM项目的重要领域之一。我国水电行业在2002年出现全国性的电力紧缺形势以来,出现了快速发展的势头。本文对CDM在我国水电领域应用现状及存在的问题进行了系统分析,讨论了大中型水电工程纳入CDM机制的可行性,并提出充分利用CDM机遇,统筹协调我国水电开发的建议。 展开更多
关键词 水电开发 清洁发展机制 温室气体 可持续发展 全球气候变化
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配电网安装新型节能变压器的CDM项目效益研究 被引量:10
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作者 余运俊 康利平 +1 位作者 万晓凤 聂晓华 《中国电力》 CSCD 北大核心 2013年第10期129-132,共4页
中国配电网现存大量的低效率变压器,更换现有的低效率变压器需要一次投入大量资金,申请清洁发展机制(CDM)项目后,可获得CDM额外资金,能有效减轻投资压力,缩短回收年限。以江西省10 kV配电网中用新型节能变压器替代S7型高损耗配电变压器... 中国配电网现存大量的低效率变压器,更换现有的低效率变压器需要一次投入大量资金,申请清洁发展机制(CDM)项目后,可获得CDM额外资金,能有效减轻投资压力,缩短回收年限。以江西省10 kV配电网中用新型节能变压器替代S7型高损耗配电变压器项目为例,通过运用CDM方法学AM0067,将节能型S11-M、SH11-M、S13-M、SH15-M系列变压器分别替代高损耗的S7系列变压器这4种方案逐一比较,计算温室气体减排量、节电量和一次投资的回收年限。从中选择出用S13-M系列变压器替代S7型变压器的最优替代方案,S13-M型变压器相比于S7型变压器每年节电4.33亿kW·h,申请CDM项目后的投资回收年限为13~15年。 展开更多
关键词 配电网 节能变压器 cdm AM0067方法学
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CDM林业碳汇项目的非持久性风险分析 被引量:31
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作者 武曙红 张小全 《林业科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第8期123-126,共4页
对导致CDM林业碳汇项目人为净温室气体汇清除发生逆转的人为风险、自然风险以及碳逆转所带来的经济风险和环境风险进行分析,提出应对和减少这些风险的管理策略。
关键词 清洁发展机制(cdm) 林业项目 非持久性 风险分析
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生物质直燃发电CDM项目可持续性的能值评价 被引量:13
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作者 罗玉和 丁力行 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第12期224-227,共4页
生物质直燃CDM(清洁发展机制)项目的可持续发展评价需要对系统的经济、社会和环境效益等方面进行定量分析。该文应用能值理论,对生物质直燃发电CDM项目进行了能值分析,建立了能表明其功能特征的能值可持续性评价指标,并以华中某地25MW... 生物质直燃CDM(清洁发展机制)项目的可持续发展评价需要对系统的经济、社会和环境效益等方面进行定量分析。该文应用能值理论,对生物质直燃发电CDM项目进行了能值分析,建立了能表明其功能特征的能值可持续性评价指标,并以华中某地25MW生物质直燃发电CDM项目为案例,评价了系统的可持续发展性能。结果表明:该CDM项目每年获得的2.51×106美元温室气体减排效益,不仅可有效增大系统的能值产出率,降低环境负荷,使生物质直燃发电系统更具有竞争力;还能使系统能值可持续指标提高到6.45,使之富有活力和发展潜力,可维持较长时间内的可持续发展。 展开更多
关键词 生物质 发电 可持续发展 清洁发展机制 能值理论
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中国林业CDM项目发展现状及前景研究 被引量:5
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作者 丁文广 吴洋 +1 位作者 牛贺文 仙昀让 《西北林学院学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2012年第1期265-268,共4页
根据林业CDM项目的特点和中国林业资源的发展现状、威胁的因素和发展潜力,对CDM的造林和再造林项目进行了分析,并提出解决CDM的造林和再造林项目所面临的泄露问题及解决方案,为促进林业CDM项目的发展提供政策依据。
关键词 清洁发展机制 造林与再造林项目 林业资源 泄露
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养殖场小规模清洁发展机制(CDM)项目捆绑开发 被引量:3
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作者 马宗虎 刘继军 +2 位作者 孙亚男 南国良 董仁杰 《农业工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第4期280-284,共5页
为了探究养殖场小规模清洁发展机制(CDM)捆绑项目对减排的贡献,该文以湖北一捆绑CDM项目为案例,利用《气候变化框架公约》清洁发展机制理事会批准的方法学(AMS-III.D和AMS-I.D),评估了7个参与沼气工程项目捆绑的养殖场利用沼气工程处理... 为了探究养殖场小规模清洁发展机制(CDM)捆绑项目对减排的贡献,该文以湖北一捆绑CDM项目为案例,利用《气候变化框架公约》清洁发展机制理事会批准的方法学(AMS-III.D和AMS-I.D),评估了7个参与沼气工程项目捆绑的养殖场利用沼气工程处理猪场粪污、沼气发电替代电网电能所减少的温室气体排放量,同时分析了捆绑项目的减排成本。通过案例研究得出,7个养殖场每年可减少温室气体排放86.5%,减排CO237443.7t,采用捆绑模式后,折合每头猪的额外开发成本对比单个项目开发额外成本降低了49.71%。该研究为同类项目的开发起到一定的指导作用。 展开更多
关键词 排放控制 农场 项目管理 清洁发展机制 捆绑 减排 养殖场
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中国CDM林业碳汇项目的评价指标体系 被引量:21
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作者 陈继红 宋维明 《东北林业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第1期87-88,共2页
就如何评价CDM林业碳汇项目确立了定性与定量相结合的生态效益、经济效益与社会效益3大类指标,同时提出了切实可行的CDM林业碳汇项目实施保障措施,以促进我国林业的发展,缓解全球气候变化。
关键词 林业经济管理 清洁发展机制 林业碳汇 评价指标
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建设全国性碳排放交易中心发展CDM项目 被引量:12
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作者 郑相宇 卢开聪 陈群 《环境科学与管理》 CAS 2009年第1期174-177,共4页
清洁发展机制(CDM)是《京都议定书》提出的在全球范围内实施温室气体减排的重要机制,是发达国家与发展中国家基于项目的合作形式,是一种"双赢"政策。文章首先简述了清洁发展机制及与碳交易市场的情况,接着论述了清洁发展机制... 清洁发展机制(CDM)是《京都议定书》提出的在全球范围内实施温室气体减排的重要机制,是发达国家与发展中国家基于项目的合作形式,是一种"双赢"政策。文章首先简述了清洁发展机制及与碳交易市场的情况,接着论述了清洁发展机制在中国的发展,提出建设全国的碳排放交易中心及意义,从而促进CDM在中国的发展。 展开更多
关键词 清洁发展机制(cdm) 碳排放交易中心
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An Optimal Model for Carbon Sinks of CDM Project to Build a New Countryside Based on Cyclic Economy under Uncertainty 被引量:3
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作者 李鱼 孙钊 +1 位作者 张阳 李都峰 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第11期1687-1690,共4页
Based on the status and characteristics of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) renewable energy project and the mode of cyclic economy, aimed at achieving the maximum capacity of carbon sinks in the system, Lvjin Jiay... Based on the status and characteristics of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) renewable energy project and the mode of cyclic economy, aimed at achieving the maximum capacity of carbon sinks in the system, Lvjin Jiayuan—New Countryside Distripark CDM project in Wuchuan County was taken as an example for developing an interval linear programming (ILP) model to optimize the crops planting scheme and cows breeding scheme by using interval optimal method. The case showed that the optimized crops planting scheme and cows breeding scheme obtained from the optimal model was reasonable with relatively preferable overall performance. In the context of meeting economic benefits and fertilizer, electricity demand, [231 287.8, 273 312.7] t of CO2 could be absorbed and fixed, which had increased by [12.94, 33.46]% compared with the feasibility scheme of case project and provided technical support for making the decision in CDM project. 展开更多
关键词 clean development mechanism Carbon sink Cyclic economy Interval linear programming New socialist countryside construction
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贵州省CDM项目开发利用状况及未来开发优势领域 被引量:5
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作者 陈伟杰 任晓冬 +1 位作者 熊康宁 樊云龙 《贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2010年第2期20-26,共7页
以贵州省为例,运用对比分析的研究方法,对省内各项目类型数据做横向对比分析和对国内各省区项目数分别做纵向对比分析,结果发现贵州CDM项目对开发水力资源依赖度高,其他类型项目开发不足,开发程度低,开发能力不足,落后于全国平均发展水... 以贵州省为例,运用对比分析的研究方法,对省内各项目类型数据做横向对比分析和对国内各省区项目数分别做纵向对比分析,结果发现贵州CDM项目对开发水力资源依赖度高,其他类型项目开发不足,开发程度低,开发能力不足,落后于全国平均发展水平,提出了贵州未来CDM项目发展的优势领域和促进CDM发展的政策建议。 展开更多
关键词 贵州 低碳经济 cdm 清洁发展机制 发展现状
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CDM林业碳汇项目的泄漏问题分析 被引量:38
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作者 武曙红 张小全 李俊清 《林业科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第2期98-104,共7页
在对CDM林业碳汇项目泄漏的定义、类型以及目前各国的林业碳汇试点项目进行研究的基础上,从泄漏的原因、机理、影响范围等方面对造林或再造林项目以及森林保护项目中潜在的泄漏进行分析,提出用决策树方法来确定项目所产生的潜在泄漏,用... 在对CDM林业碳汇项目泄漏的定义、类型以及目前各国的林业碳汇试点项目进行研究的基础上,从泄漏的原因、机理、影响范围等方面对造林或再造林项目以及森林保护项目中潜在的泄漏进行分析,提出用决策树方法来确定项目所产生的潜在泄漏,用项目所涉及的范围或泄漏的指示特征来监测项目所产生的泄漏,从政策和项目发展的角度来理解和管理林业项目中的泄漏等几点建议,以期对评估和监测我国林业碳汇项目潜在的泄漏以及如何在CDM林业碳汇项目设计中最大限度地减少潜在泄漏提供帮助。 展开更多
关键词 清洁发展机制 泄漏 造林和再造林 森林保护
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我国清洁发展机制(CDM)的实施 被引量:8
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作者 刘灿生 朴芬淑 +1 位作者 刘鹏远 张新欣 《沈阳大学学报》 CAS 2004年第6期96-99,共4页
结合我国新近颁布的《清洁发展机制项目运行管理暂行办法》的精神,介绍了国际上为了实现温室气体减排而制定的清洁发展机制(CDM)的实施和运行,特别介绍了我国CDM项目的管理实施机构、CDM项目的申报、审查和操作程序以及与国际组织的全... 结合我国新近颁布的《清洁发展机制项目运行管理暂行办法》的精神,介绍了国际上为了实现温室气体减排而制定的清洁发展机制(CDM)的实施和运行,特别介绍了我国CDM项目的管理实施机构、CDM项目的申报、审查和操作程序以及与国际组织的全面对接的实施操作过程· 展开更多
关键词 清洁发展机制 项目管理 项目实施 项目运行
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