Sustainable Development of Wuhan City Based on Methods of Conventional Ecological Footprint and Emergy Ecological Footprint

This article uses the conventional ecological footprint method and its improved model of ecological footprint to analyze the state of the sustainable development of Wuhan City in 2009, the results show that the per capita ecological deficit calculated by the method of emergy ecological footprint is 3.8629 hm2, and the per capita ecological deficit calculated by the method of conventional ecological footprint is 2.0169 hm2. The results obtained by the two methods respectively show that current development of Wuhan is unsustainable. The emergy ecological footprint method introduces the energy flow to reflect the relationship between human resource demand and supply of nature to human and adopts parameters—emergy conversion rate and energy density to calculate the ecological carrying capacity data which is more accurate.

IMPLEMENTATION OF CLEANER PRODUCTION STRATEGIES TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE CITY

Rapid urbanization and growing size of cities will have an increasing impact on the global environment in the 21st century. As an engine of urban development to drive economic growth and technological innovations, industry has moved its focus from controlling environmental hazards to stimulating sustainable industrial development throughout the entire product lifecycle. These process- and technology-driven innovations for industrial production are prerequisites for enhancement of urban environment and sustainable development of cities. In this review, problems of environment and resources scarcity associated with rapid urbanization are demonstrated. And, on the basis of expatiations on the concepts and policies of the cleaner production(CP) and other similar initiatives with the goal of preventing pollution at the source and of managing the raw material more efficiently, two different ways to link the practice of cleaner production in industrial sector with performance of urban environment are discussed in detail. Then, the introduction, practice and legislation of CP strategies in China are outlined, and possibility for China to develop CPC (Cleaner Practices for Cities) approaches in the demonstration cities is discussed. Finally, some suggestions on implementation of CPC strategies are put forward.

Clean Production and Ecological Industry:A Key to Eco-city Development

Eco-city development is a healthy process towards sustainable development, within the carrying capacity of local ecosystem through changing production mode, consumption behavior and decision instrument based on ecological economics and system engineering. The key to its planning is an ecological integration to make trade-off between economic wealth and environmental health, between material and spiritual civilization, between natural and human eco-cybernetics. Integration, demonstration, citizens’ participation and scientists’ and technician’s catalyzing are the key instruments for the implementation of the ecocity plan. "Clean production" and "ecological industry" are key elements in comprehensive development towards an eco-city. Beyond the technical and management questions, how to interlink production, consumption and reduction at the local and regional level, the spatial and urban dimension should be considered in order to perform an integrative urban eco-space.

Consumptive ecological footprint and productive ecological footprint: a modification on ecological footprint theory to evaluate regional sustainable development

Ecological footprint theory and its application achievements in global and regional sustainable development systems are studied by consulting the published literature, which finds that the application of ecological footprint theory to regional sustainability evaluation has leaded to a perplexity that the indicated result was inconsistent with the philosophy of sustainable development theory. Illuminated by the mechanical system of the movement of matters, it comes up that ecological footprint based on consumption of biologic production could not tell whether the ecological pressure acts on the specified region, and the original ecological footprint theory also undervalued the development impartiality of a region. A modification on this theory is made by introducing consumptive ecological footprint and productive ecological footprint, in which the latter is taken as the indicator of regional sustainability. The development impartiality can be demonstrated by comparison between the global ecological deficit per capita and regional consumptive ecological deficit per capita.

Research on Development Status and Countermeasures of Agricultural Cleaner Production

In the study,the connotation and objectives of agricultural cleaner production were introduced firstly,and then the development status of agricultural cleaner production in China was analyzed,and the problems existing in the development of agricultural cleaner production were pointed out.From the strategy of agricultural sustainable development,the necessity and feasibility of implementing agricultural cleaner production in China were discussed.Finally,some related countermeasures were put forward according to the problems existing in the development of agricultural cleaner production,so as to provide theoretical references for the realization of agricultural sustainable development in China.

Development of Ecological Agriculture in Xiantao City

This paper takes ecological agriculture as the starting point.On the basis of field investigation and research on the basic situation of the development of ecological agriculture in Xiantao City,this paper focuses on the development models of ecological agriculture in some typical regions such as Xianfeng Village,Zhanggou Town,Chenchang Town and Shazui Street Office in Xiantao City.This paper analyzes many problems that affect and restrict the development of ecological agriculture in Xiantao City,and puts forward some measures and suggestions to promote the development of ecological agriculture in Xiantao City.

Multi-scale Approaches toward Sustainable Development

Approaches toward the sustainable development need integrated considerations of technical, economical, environmental/ecological and social issues. Current approaches from different disciplines can be grouped into at least three levels: micro-scale, meso-scale and macro-scale. At the micro-scale, green chemistry carries out chemical activities such as chemical design and synthesis so that environmentally benign chemicals can be synthesized without using and generating hazardous substances. Green engineering, at the meso-scale, develops green industrial processes or clean technologies via pollution prevention and cleaner production, which will cause minimal damages or dangers to the environment and ecosystems when the product is manufactured and used. Industrial ecology at the industrial complex or community level seeks to optimize energy and materials use and minimize waste generation in industrial systems or communities by promoting planned materials and energy exchanges. Incorporation of ecological principles with the life cycle thinking in the chemical pathway synthesis, product design, process development, and industrial system and community planning appears to be the most promising engineering approach in achieving sustainable industrial development.

Dynamic Change of Ecological Footprint in Xingtai City in the Years 2003-2009

Quantitative estimation of the ecological footprint in Xingtai City in the years 2003-2009 is carried out by using the Ecological Footprint Model and the Time Series.Result shows that the per capita ecological footprint demand increases in Xingtai City from the year 2003 to 2009;and land use for energy shows a significant increase,accounting for the maximum proportion in per capita ecological footprint demand.Per capita ecological footprint supply gradually decreases.Ecological supply provided by cultivated land occupies the greatest proportion in the supply of per capita ecological carrying capacity,which is the main factor determining the supply of ecological carrying capacity in Xingtai City.In the years 2003-2009,ecological footprint of Xingtai City is at the state of ecological deficit.This indicates that the economic and social development of Xingtai City is based on the over-exploitation of resources,especially the cultivated land and energy land.Thus,the development mode of Xingtai City has already been in a state of unsustainable development.Based on this,corresponding countermeasures are put forward for the sustainable development in future,so as to implement the healthy control of the sustainable development in Xingtai City,China.

The Dynamic Analysis of Agro-ecological Economic System on the Basis of Emergy: A Case Study of Wu'an City in Hebei Province

Using the method of emergy analysis, we analyze the input and output of agroecological economic system, and select five indicators (net emergy yield ratio, emergy investment ratio, environmental loading ratio, emergy sustainability index, and dominance of emergy yield system) for assessment. The results show that the emergy input-output in Wu'an City is in general on the rise; the emergy investment ratio rises constantly, but the net emergy yield ratio decreases, and the comparative advantage in the prices of agricultural products is gradually lost. At the same time, with increase in the non-renewable industrial support emergy, the environmental pressures are also mounting. In the future agricultural development, it is necessary to pay more attention to the coordination between agricultural development and ecological environment, achieving sustainable development of agriculture.

Ecological Planning of Resource-based City——A Case Study of Huaibei City,Anhui Province

Ecological planning plays an important role in the construction of cities. Huaibei is a typical coal resource-based city, the abundant coal resources lay a solid foundation for its economic development. Coal mining has induced a series of social problems, and affected the regional social and economic development. Ecological planning of Huaibei City concentrates on ecological restoration of coal mining subsidence, and applies circular economy to develop eco-agriculture, eco-tourism and eco-industry, which will contribute considerably to the economic transformation of the city. Analytic Hierarchy Process and mathematical statistical model were applied to calculate sustainable development indexes of Huaibei from 2002 to 2010. By evaluating the indexes, it was found that Huaibei City has a low sustainable development level, and 3 imbalanced subsystems as the major obstacle. The authors proposed countermeasures according to specific conditions of the city.

“三生”视角下中国式现代化水平测度与发展路径——以江苏省淮安市为例

基于“三生”协同发展理念与中国式现代化5大特征的内在逻辑关系阐释,构建中国式现代化发展测度指标体系,运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型定量测度江苏省及其各设区市中国式现代化发展水平和结构,并以淮安市为例进行重点分析.结果表明:江苏省中国式现代化发展水平和结构总体进入后疫情时期的恢复和调整阶段;当前淮安市中国式现代化发展存在的主要问题表现在人口规模巨大的现代化发展内生动力不足、全体人民共同富裕的现代化发展不充分问题凸显、人与自然和谐共生的现代化发展潜力有待挖掘等方面,究其本质,在于发展不充分、不均衡.因此,重构产业技术体系、优化产业空间体系、完善产业服务体系,构建城乡一体的现代化产业体系是破解淮安市中国式现代化发展难题的重要路径.

可持续生态学视角下生态产品价值实现的思路

生态产品价值实现是工业文明向生态文明过渡的产物,是“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念的重要实践。中国在生态产品价值实现的实践探索和理论研究中注重生态产品价值转化,但在一定程度上忽视了生态产品价值可持续实现的问题,导致生态产品价值实现在理念认知、保护修复、产业发展、部门协同、价值共享等方面出现了不可持续的趋势。可持续生态学在生态产品价值实现过程中扮演着核心角色,它不仅关注人类社会经济活动与自然生态系统之间的矛盾,而且致力于探索两者协调发展的可行路径。该研究基于可持续生态学的发展度-协调度-持续度的三维评价体系,采用文本分析与案例研究相结合的方法,以可持续发展理论为指导,结合社会-经济-自然复合生态系统的内在逻辑,综合考虑质量、动力和公平三个关键要素,构建了生态产品价值可持续实现的理论分析框架。该理论分析框架着重关注生态产品价值实现的全过程,特别遵循三个基本原则:在前端,与2030年联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)紧密对接,确保生态产品价值实现与全球可持续发展议程同步;在中端,尊重地域差异性,将地方实践与生态产品价值的转化相结合;在末端,实现生态产品价值的均等共享,与社会持续公平系统相衔接,确保代际公平。基于生态产品价值可持续实现的理论分析框架,提出中国生态产品价值可持续实现的推进思路,即深挖动力要素以支撑健康发展、注重质量元素以调动多方协调、考虑公平元素以确保代际均衡,为促进生态产品价值可持续实现,促进生态文明建设,实现人与自然和谐共生的现代化提供科学依据。

生态足迹理论在城市规划中的应用——以张家口市为例

基于生态足迹理论,以张家口市为案例,探讨了生态足迹理论在城市规划中的应用。首先,介绍了生态足迹理论的基本概念和原理。然后,通过对张家口市生态足迹的计算和分析,揭示了张家口市的生态足迹状况。接着,结合张家口市的实际情况,提出了减少生态足迹的对策和建议。最后,总结了主要研究成果和意义,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。

城市生态环境保护与可持续发展分析

近年来,城市化进程加速发展,全球各地的城市迎来了快速的人口增长和经济繁荣。然而,这种城市化的快速扩张也给生态环境带来了巨大的挑战。城市发展对自然资源的需求,对土壤、水源和空气质量的影响,以及对生态系统的破坏都不容忽视。城市生态环境问题不仅威胁着居民的健康和生活质量,还对整个地球生态系统的稳定性形成了潜在的风险。在此背景下,城市生态环境保护与可持续发展成为全球关注的焦点。城市的可持续发展既要求满足当前居民的需求和生活质量,同时也需要保护和维护生态系统的完整性,确保资源的可持续利用和环境的可持续性。这是一个既具有挑战性又充满机遇的任务。本文旨在对城市生态环境保护与可持续发展进行深入地分析与探讨,为城市决策者、研究者及社会公众提供有益的参考和指导,以推动城市生态环境保护和可持续发展工作的有效开展。

中国古代城市生态哲学对现代城市营建的启发

自第一次工业革命以来,人类与自然的关系逐渐发生转变,这种转变并非没有代价,生态环境恶化是当代人类面临的全球性问题。我国古代城市生态哲学体现了中华民族的精神追求,是生态文明建设丰厚的文化滋养和重要的哲理支撑,如何在现代城市营建中对其充分利用成为当前思考的关键。从中国古代城市生态哲学理念入手,思考其在古代城市营建上的反映,并总结其对现代生态城市建设的启示。

基于“海绵城市”建设的城市湿地景观设计

随着城市化的推进,城市水环境问题日益凸显。“海绵城市”理念应运而生,强调城市应像海绵一样吸收、储存和利用雨水。城市湿地作为海绵城市的重要组成部分,具有重要的生态和景观价值。文章基于“海绵城市”理念探讨了城市湿地景观设计的原则和方法,包括生态优先、可持续发展和人性化设计等原则以及地形与水系、植物配置、道路交通与游憩设施、文化传承与表达等设计方法。这些原则和方法的运用可以推动城市湿地与“海绵城市”建设的深度融合,促进城市生态环境的改善与可持续发展,为城市湿地景观设计提供新的思路,具有重要的理论和实践意义。

碳中和背景下城市绿地的发展:从“城市森林”到森林城市

在碳中和的时代背景下,城市绿地作为城市生态系统的重要组成部分,正经历着从“城市森林”到森林城市的深刻转变。文章通过分析具体案例和数据,探讨了城市绿地在提升碳汇能力、改善生态环境、促进社会经济可持续发展等方面的积极作用,旨在为其他城市的绿地发展提供借鉴和参考。

基于PSR模型的生态宜居城市建设指标与评价研究——以西安市为例

近年来,全国各大城市号召建立生态宜居城市,并以生态宜居城市作为理想的可持续发展模式。首先,界定生态宜居城市内涵,提出生态宜居城市发展的四个目标:营造舒适平等环境、坚持问题导向、践行绿色发展理念、人与自然和谐共生。其次,从“三生”空间视角出发,构建了包括生产水平、生活质量以及生态环境三个准则层的生态宜居城市综合评价指标体系。再次,利用熵值法计算了各指标层的具体权重并计算了生态宜居综合指数,选取四个中心城市与西安市进行空间对比以及水平时间演变分析,并基于PSR模型对西安市2012—2019年的城市生态宜居性进行了评价。最后,分析西安市生态宜居城市建设评价结果并提出几点可行性建议。

基于生态文明视角的乡村旅游可持续发展研究——以六盘水市为例

为了探寻六盘水市乡村旅游可持续发展中存在的问题,基于生态文明视角,通过模糊数法建立六盘水市乡村旅游可持续发展评价指标体系,采用均方差法计算评价指标权重,收集六盘水市2011—2020年10年间的相关指标数据并进行一系列数据处理。结果表明,2011—2020年六盘水市乡村旅游可持续发展情况:强可持续发展的隶属度值为0.2596、较强可持续发展的隶属度值为0.4109、一般可持续发展的隶属度值为0.1446、弱不可持续发展的隶属度值为0.1453、不可持续发展的隶属度值为0.0397,较强可持续发展的隶属度值为最高位,说明六盘水市乡村旅游可持续发展态势良好,呈持续稳定的增长趋势,但在研究结果中不可持续占有一定比例,表明应注重寻找影响发展的原因。根据六盘水市乡村旅游发展存在的问题,提出了坚持目标一致性、坚持利用生态科学技术、坚持树立正确发展观、坚持生态文明下的品牌营销、坚持注重绿色开发、坚持以文化为导向等策略促进六盘水市乡村旅游可持续发展。

株洲市制造业人才生态可持续发展困境及生态位策略

借鉴压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型,对株洲市制造业人才生态可持续发展困境进行系统性诊断。发现其制造业人才存在着生态位的偏差,表现出生态位宽度不足、效度不佳、共生恶化等症状。对株洲市制造业人才生态位的全方位矫正是一项系统工程,致力于破解城市、制造业和人才不均衡发展的格局,打造开放包容的制造业人才科创活力体系,完善制造业人才综合服务的政策支撑,建设保障制造业人才生活生态优化的幸福家园,形成制造业人才发展层次多样的长效机制。