The Research Advance and Trend Analysis of the Crystallization Cleaning Technology of Salt Lake Brine Pump in China

Salt Lake brine pump is one of the key equipment in salt lake brine extraction device.As the salt lake brine is a kind of high concentration solution with a variety of chemical constituents,the flow and agitation of saturated

Review of Underwater Ship Hull Cleaning Technologies

This paper presents a comprehensive review and analysis of ship hull cleaning technologies.Various cleaning methods and devices applied to dry-dock cleaning and underwater cleaning are introduced in detail,including rotary brushes,high-pressure and cavitation water jet technology,ultrasonic technology,and laser cleaning technology.The application of underwater robot technology in ship cleaning not only frees divers from engaging in heavy work but also creates safe and efficient industrial products.Damage to the underlying coating of the ship caused by the underwater cleaning operation can be minimized by optimizing the working process of the underwater cleaning robot.With regard to the adhesion technology mainly used in underwater robots,an overview of recent developments in permanent magnet and electromagnetic adhesion,negative pressure force adhesion,thrust force adhesion,and biologically inspired adhesion is provided.Through the analysis and comparison of current underwater robot products,this paper predicts that major changes in the application of artificial intelligence and multirobot cooperation,as well as optimization and combination of various technologies in underwater cleaning robots,could be expected to further lead to breakthroughs in developing next-generation robots for underwater cleaning.

Rationalizing the Use of Water in Industry—Part 1: Summary of the Instruments Developed by the Clean Technology Network in the State of Bahia and Main Results Obtained

Based on cleaner production concepts, a method for water use minimization has been developed by the Clean Technology Network of Bahia (TECLIM) at one of the largest industrial complexes in Latin America located in the State of Bahia, Brazil. This method is concerned with an area of secondary interest to the productive sector: the use of water. Based on the best cleaner production principles (CP), nine instruments have been developed during cooperative projects with chemical, petrochemical and copper metallurgical industries. These instruments are described in Part 2 of this paper [1]. The main benefits derived from partnership schemes include: a reduction in water consumption and effluent generation;the development of a techno-operational culture to increase eco-efficiency;and the introduction of conceptual projects to ensure the continuity of the activities in the company after the projects have been completed. The specific consumption of water was reduced by 20% as a consequence of the application of this method in Company A;a specific reduction in the generation of effluents of more than 40% was observed in Company B;a 42% fall in fresh water consumption in Company C;and a 20% decrease in the cost of effluent treatment in Company D. Among the difficulties encountered were the limited time availability of the operators and engineers for the project, the lack of measurement and calibration of available flow meters and the lack of detailed technical data.

环境规制效应的路径偏移——来自清洁生产标准政策的经验证据

中国许多旨在减污降碳的环境规制政策,对企业绿色技术创新的作用有限。本文基于中国制造企业微观数据与专利数据,详细刻画了1998—2014年中国制造业企业绿色专利的年度变化趋势。在此基础上,以清洁生产标准的实施为准自然实验,细致检验了其对企业绿色技术创新的影响及机制。研究发现,样本期内清洁生产标准实施未能显著推动企业绿色技术创新,这一结论在考虑异质性处理效应后依然稳健。机制分析表明,清洁生产标准实施促进了企业对生产设备和治污设备的投资,挤占了企业研发投入,即企业选择了渐进式创新而不是研发创新来实现清洁生产。本文基于政策协同视角的进一步分析发现,创新激励政策会缓解清洁生产标准对企业绿色技术创新的负面影响。本文为充分利用现有生态环境制度体系协同推进企业减污、降碳、扩绿、增长提供了重要的经验启示。

电离式雾霾颗粒传感器的超声波清灰研究

雾霾检测是环境治理的重要环节,但雾霾检测传感器存在颗粒物附着后不能运行的问题。为解决这一问题,提出了一种基于声凝并原理的超声波清洁技术。常用的机械式除尘法对微米级颗粒去除效果不显著,湿式除尘法会增加设备被腐蚀的风险,静电除尘法存在供电电压高、功耗大等缺点。与以上除尘法相比,该技术具有非接触、非损伤等特点,适用于清洁传感器。计算了极板与颗粒物的粘附力和超声波发生器的频率与功率;仿真确定了超声波换能器的声波传导范围、固定背板的结构和放置位置;通过分析超声波在空间的传导状况,优化了超声波的传播频率和声压,确定了声强变化范围。实验结果表明,清灰后传感器的质量减小,且最小电流与清灰前初始电流仅相差1.9%,除尘效率高达98%,优于常用的基于气旋原理的气体流量传感器除尘装置,表明了超声波清灰技术的高效性。

Ultra-Supercritical——A Preferential Choice for China to Develop Clean Coal Technology

The ultra-supercritical pressure coal-fired power-generation technology (USCT) isa mature, advanced and efficient power generation technology in the world. Comparisonsamong several principal clean coal power-generation technologies show that USCT withpollutant-emission control equipment is superior to others in efficiency, capacity, reliability,investment and environment protection etc. Analyzing the main problems existing in thermalpower industry, it is concluded that the USCT is the preferential choice for China to developclean coal power-generation technology at present. Considering the foundation of thepower industry, the manufacturing industry for power generating equipment and otherrelated industries, it is concluded that China has satisfied the qualifications to develop USCT.

不同储层条件下自清洁射孔技术的适用性研究

考虑聚能射孔产生压实带及爆炸碎屑堵塞孔眼对射孔效果的损伤,采用自清洁射孔弹能够有效解除射孔污染伤害,提高油气藏产能。应用LS-DYNA软件结合ALE算法,建立自清洁“射孔弹-射孔枪-射孔液-套管-水泥环-砂岩储层”动态射孔有限元模型,并验证其可靠性;开展动态射孔仿真模拟研究,分析自清洁射孔技术在不同储层物性参数下及射孔弹药型罩直径与弹药量对射流侵彻效果的影响规律,并与常规射孔效果进行对比。同时,以产能比最大化为目标,研究自清洁新型射孔技术在不同储层物性参数条件下的适用性。结果表明:所建动态射孔有限元模型与标靶数据相比误差最大为5.13%,数值仿真模拟模型可靠。不同射孔弹侵彻的孔深、孔径随储层物性参数的改变呈规律性变化,且随着射孔弹的药型罩直径和弹药量的增大呈上升趋势。同时,自清洁平均射孔孔深较常规下降40.1%,平均孔径较常规增大15.1%。以产能比最大化为目标,自清洁新型射孔技术与储层物性参数适用性关系为:孔隙度为15%~25%、抗压强度在20~60 MPa、弹性模量在2.4~3.6 GPa、负压在0~10 MPa、围压在10~20 MPa时,自清洁射孔效果较好。

氢能源的制备与储运的研究探讨

氢能源以其高能量密度和环保特性,日益成为全球能源转型的关键选择。分析氢能的基本特性、发展动因,详细探讨了多种氢能制备技术及其优缺点。同时,还评估了氢能的储运技术,指出其在氢能应用中的核心地位。进一步提出了推动氢能源商业化的策略和建议,涉及加强技术创新、建立支持性政策环境以及强化市场驱动力等方面,以推动氢能源的可持续发展。

Medium-Pressure Hydro-upgrading (MHUG) Technology for Producing Clean Diesel Fuel

Abstract： This article introduces the development and application of the medium-pressure hydro-upgrading （MHUG） tech- nology developed by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing （RIPP）. The MHUG technology based on the chemistry of diesel hydro-upgrading reactions has the advantages of flexible product slate and excellent product quality that can in- crease the cetane rating of diesel fuel up to more than 15 units. The hydrotreating and hydro-upgrading catalysts associated with the MHUG technology have outstanding performance to meet the demand of MHUG technology for hydro-saturation and selective ring-opening of aromatic rings. New MHUG process flow scheme can further increase the yield and selectivity of target products. Commercial application of multiple MHUG units has revealed that the MHUG technology designated for clean diesel production features good feedstock adaptability and operating stability.

Development of a Fuel-flexible Co-gasification Technology

As one of promising clean coal technologies used to reduce pollutant emission and CO2 discharge, co gasification has been extensively investigated. In this paper, a new co-gasification technology using coal and natural gas was developed. The distinct advantages of this technology are the excellent fuel flexibility and the availability to establish the gasifier by reconstructing the blast furnace or similar shaft furnace. Based on the concept of the new co-gasification technology, lab-scale experiments and modeling study were carried out. The obtained results indicate that gasification is undertaken at ideal thermodynamic environment where quasi-equilibrium could be reached without catalysts. The modeling results are in agreement with experimental data, demonstrating the validity of the model and that Aspen Plus is a useful tool for the analysis of the co-gasification process. Furthermore, the effect of major operation parameters, including oxygen flow rate and steam flow rate, on co-gasification process was investigated using the developed model.

Studies on Barriers for Promotion of Clean Technology in SMEs of China

After more than 10 years efforts on awareness raising and promotion, the concept of cleaner production (CP) has been adopting as a strategic approach to balance economic benefits and environmental protection for China’s industries. However, it is also found that clean technology is difficult to be adopted and implemented in Chinese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) because of certain barriers. This paper investigates these barriers among three stakeholders--governments, enterprises and experts. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to prioritize the relative importance of the twenty fine-selected barriers, which were classified into four barrier categories. The findings reveal that the exterior barriers of policy and financial barriers should be stressed rather than the inner barriers of technical and managerial barriers, although they are also very important. Absence of incentives on economic policies, lax enforcement of environmental regulations and high initial capital cost were the most important barriers to adoption of Clean Technologies (CT) in China.

To take a clean technology as a strategy for pollution control in industry

A clean technology in thermal power station by adding of limestone into coal for getting the co-melted compounds was studied. Comparing with conventional technology, the quantity of ash discharged is decreased from 85% to 15%, the water consumption is 80% less than traditional method. The slag discharged could be used as raw materials for cement and bricks. In addition, the SO2 content is decreased as well.

Rationalizing the Use of Water in Industry—Part 2: Instruments Developed by the Clean Technology Network in the State of Bahia

The instruments developed by the Clean Technology Network of Bahia (TECLIM) at the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) (cited in Part 1 of this paper) are presented. Factors regarding water management in industry were examined, on the basis of experience acquired over the period of a decade in cooperative research projects with large industrial process plants located mostly in the Camacari Petrochemical Complex, Bahia State, Brazil. The main results consist of training about 1700 industry professionals in CP, the identification of about 500 ideas for the rationalization of water use, the presentation and publication of 90 articles in journals, conferences and other academic events, identification of ideas with potential water savings estimated at around 1400 t·h–1 and the reduction of at least 500 t·h–1 in effluents. Other sectors that make use of water, for example public buildings, commercial buildings, homes, shopping centers and airports can adapt and use the TECLIM method as will be exemplified.

新型能源体系发展背景下煤炭清洁高效转化的挑战及途径

当今世界地缘政治风险加剧、气候环境问题凸显,能源转型变革加快。在此背景下,构建更加适应形势变化的能源体系对提高我国能源供应系统的可持续性及安全稳定性意义重大。目前我国化石能源仍占据主体地位。油气资源存在能源安全问题及新能源技术水平有待提升,中国短期内对煤炭能源仍将保持较高依赖性。因此,推进煤炭清洁高效转化对于新型能源体系的构建具有重要意义。首先对新型能源体系的具体内涵与构建方向展开讨论,并在此基础上,对新时代中国煤化工产业的发展现状以及面临的机遇与挑战进行了阐述,以期为煤炭的清洁高效转化技术的进步及煤化工产业的未来发展提供建议。新时代要求赋予新型能源体系更多的内涵。因此从战略上看,未来能源体系应具备“安全高效、清洁低碳、多元协同、智能普惠”多个特征,这也对煤炭产业的清洁高效发展提出了更高的要求。我国的煤炭清洁高效转化已取得显著进步,但多个关键技术仍亟待突破。结合煤炭产业转型发展与“双碳”目标关系的系统性认识,在新型能源体系建设的需求下,推进煤炭清洁高效转化对于社会经济发展、助力“双碳”目标实现具有重要意义,其关键在于加强该领域相关学科专业的基础研究和煤炭清洁高效转化技术的创新开发。

Status and Suggestion for Modern Coal Chemical Industry and Coal Clean Technology

Coal is fossil fuel abundant and widespread all over the world. It is a vital resource for energy security in our country, because the supply is stable. In this paper, the important role of coal played in the total primary energy supply was described, and the status of modern coal chemical industry and clean coal technologies was analyzed. Based on the scientific research experiences of author, strategy and suggestion for Chinese development were proposed according to the regulation of scientific panning. In China, there are more social benefits and strategic meaning for developing the coal high-efficiency utilization technology. Considering of the general situation of our countries, these technologies with the features of can be industrialized, advanced, applicative, mature and feasible should be developed preferentially. The high-expend, low economic effectiveness and behindhand technologies should be abandoned. So, the development of coal clean technology in China should meet the natural resources, restrictive condition and elements of our countries industry situations. Based on these analysis, the most important technologies and fundamental researches should be prior developed in China.

Smart Technology for “Clean Your Plate” Campaign against Wasting Food in University Canteens

Food security is becoming increasingly prominent due to the impact of the COVID-19 and extreme weathers. The Smart Project for “Clean Your Plate” Campaign has been designed and implemented to address food waste on campus. The project takes advantage of technologies such as IoT, dynamic QR code, and visual recognition. Smart devices for clear plate recognition can be installed in multiple locations in campus cafeterias and canteens. Users can login onto a public account and a Mini Program for points reward, exchange and sale. Combining offline clear plate recognition and online points exchange, the project encourages food saving and reduces human cost for university canteens.

Clean Coal Technology and Market in China

This paper briefs the current clean production and consumption levels of coal in China and the pollution harmbrought to the atmospheric environment, present status and orientation of clean coal technology development in Chinacoal industry, progress and perspective of clean coal power generation technology in China, as well as application andmarket of flue gas desulphurization technology in coal-fired power plants.[

粮仓能源桩系统绿色储粮技术应用研究

简化粮食入库后全周期控温供冷储粮流程,提出满仓主动降温与夏季粮仓热平衡2种供冷方案。通过理论公式计算2种方案下的供冷量需求,并利用有限元模拟软件计算得出能源桩换热量,由此设计可满足上部粮仓供冷需求的能源桩运行方案。结果表明:在1万t储粮规模下,粮仓能源桩储粮技术可满足2种供冷方案下的能源需求,对比谷物冷却机与地源热泵储粮,其初期投入成本更低;对比空调储粮,其初期投入成本增加,但能源桩储粮技术可利用绿色清洁能源,储粮能耗最低。