Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to d...Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to determine if the addition of bentazon reduces the injury from cloransulam-methyl or halosulfuron-methyl applied POST in black, cranberry, kidney and white beans. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl reduced the level of injury 0 to 6% at 17.5 g·ai·ha–1 and 0 to 9% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 in dry bean. Bentazon added to halosulfuron-methyl reduced the level of injury as much as 4% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 and 6% at the 70 g·ai·ha–1. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased plant height as much as 3 cm. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on the height of various market classes of dry bean. Bentazon added to cloran-sulam-methyl generally has no effect on seed moisture content in black and white bean but decreased seed moisture content of cranberry and kidney bean as much as 4%. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl caused no effect on seed moisture content of dry bean. Cloransulam-methyl caused a 7% to 18% reduction in dry bean yield compared to halosulfuron-methyl and 12% to 21% reduction in yield compared to bentazon. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased dry bean yield by 0.16 and 0.31 t·ha–1 at Exeter (2009) and Ridgetown (2009) respectively. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on dry bean yield.展开更多
The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) in ...The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) in soybean (Glycine max L.). Trials were conducted at two locations in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009. Experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either five PRE or nine POST herbicides. Volunteer adzuki bean interference in soybean resulted in yield loss of up to 25%. Cloransulam-methyl, linuron, metribuzin, flumetsulam, and imazethapyr applied PRE provided up to 6, 24, 14, 8, and 0% control, respectively at 8 weeks after emergence (WAE), while acifluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr, and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied POST provided 2, 2, 5, 34, 6, 4, and 12% control, respectively at 8 weeks after application (WAA). Generally, with the aforementioned herbicides, soybean yield was equivalent to the weedy control and soybean grain contamination with adzuki bean seed was consistently above the 1% maximum threshold. Chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate applied POST provided up to 84 and 94% visual control at 8 WAA, respectively, decreased adzuki bean density, biomass, and seed production, and generally decreased soybean contamination with adzuki bean below the 1% threshold. The only herbicides evaluated in this study that controlled volunteer adzuki bean in soybean were chlorimuron-ethyl (9 g ai.ha-1) and glyphosate (900 g ai.ha-1) applied POST. All the other PRE and POST herbicides evaluated did not provide adequate control of volunteer adzuki bean in soybean.展开更多
Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) is competitive with agronomic crops and can cause significant yield losses. Rapid adoption of glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops and a concomitant increase in the reliance on glyphosat...Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) is competitive with agronomic crops and can cause significant yield losses. Rapid adoption of glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops and a concomitant increase in the reliance on glyphosate for weed management has led to the evolution of GR giant ragweed in Ontario, Canada. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the level of resistance in giant ragweed biotypes from Ontario, and to evaluate the effectiveness of various postemer-gence (POST) herbicides in soybean (Glycine max L.). The effective dose (ED) to provide 50%, 80% and 95% giant ragweed control was up to 1658, 9991 and >43200 g?a.e.?ha–1 4 weeks after application (WAA), respectively. For effective control, growers would need to apply glyphosate 18 times greater than the recommended field application dose. Glyphosate applied at the recommended field dose of 900 g?a.e.?ha–1 provided up to 57% control and resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weedy check. Cloransulam-methyl applied POST provided up to 99% control, reduced giant ragweed density 98%, reduced giant ragweed shoot dry weight 99% and resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weedfree check. Chlorimuron-ethyl, fomesafen, imazethapyr and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied alone or with glyphosate did not provide adequate control of GR giant ragweed. Based on these results, some GR giant ragweed biotypes from Ontario have evolved a high level of resistance to glyphosate. Cloransulam-methyl applied POST was the only herbicide that provided adequate control and suggests that additional weed management tactics will need to be implemented in order to effectively manage GR giant ragweed.展开更多
Giant ragweed was the first glyphosate resistant weed identified in Canada. It is a very competetive weed in row crop production and has been found to drastically reduce yields of soybean;therefore, control of this co...Giant ragweed was the first glyphosate resistant weed identified in Canada. It is a very competetive weed in row crop production and has been found to drastically reduce yields of soybean;therefore, control of this competitive weed is essential. The objective of this study was to determine effective control options for glyphosate resistant giant ragweed in soybean with herbicides applied preplant. Eighteen herbicide combinations were evaluated in field studies conducted in 2011 and 2012 at five locations with confirmed glyphosate resistant giant ragweed. Glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester or amitrole provided the best control of glyphosate resistant giant ragweed 4 WAA. Glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester provided 98 to 99% control and was equivalent to the weed free check at all locations. Glyphosate plus amitrole provided 90% to 93% control and was equivalent to the weed free check at 4 of 5 locations. Herbicides providing residual activity provided variable control across all locations. Of the herbicides with residual activity evaluated, glyphosate plus linuron provided the best control of glyphosate resistant giant ragweed;however, control was inconsistent across locations and years. Glyphosate plus linuron provided 23% to 99% controland was equal to the weed free check at one location 8 WAA.展开更多
A total of four field experiments were conducted during 2017, 2019 and 2020 in Ontario, Canada to determine if applying a fungicide 2 - 3 days after a herbicide, applied POST, reduces visible injury, increases crop vi...A total of four field experiments were conducted during 2017, 2019 and 2020 in Ontario, Canada to determine if applying a fungicide 2 - 3 days after a herbicide, applied POST, reduces visible injury, increases crop vigour and increases yield of soybean. At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively. The injury decreased over time with less than 5% injury at 8 WAB (weeks after fungicide application) in all treatments evaluated. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of herbicides evaluated did not reduce soybean injury. Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB. The soybean vigour increased over time to 95% - 100% at 8 WAB. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the herbicide application did not improve soybean vigour, except with thifensulfuron-methyl where soybean vigour was improved 6% when followed by pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad. There was no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yield except for thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr without the fungicide treatments which reduced soybean relative yield 7% and 10%, respectively. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of imazethapyr increased soybean yield 3%. Based on these results, applying pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad fungicide 2 - 3 days after glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon and cloransulam-methyl does not affect soybean injury, vigour or yield, but it can slightly enhance the vigour and yield of soybean when applied after thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr.展开更多
氯酯磺草胺WDG是磺酰胺类除草剂,对大豆田阔叶杂草具有很好的防治效果,本文通过田间试验,研究了84%氯酯磺草胺WDG对大豆田鸭跖草防除效果及对不同大豆品种的安全性。结果表明,84%氯酯磺草胺WDG 25.2~50.4 g a.i/hm^2对鸭跖草有较好防除...氯酯磺草胺WDG是磺酰胺类除草剂,对大豆田阔叶杂草具有很好的防治效果,本文通过田间试验,研究了84%氯酯磺草胺WDG对大豆田鸭跖草防除效果及对不同大豆品种的安全性。结果表明,84%氯酯磺草胺WDG 25.2~50.4 g a.i/hm^2对鸭跖草有较好防除效果,施药后45 d对鸭跖草的鲜重防效为95.1%~100%;对吉育57,吉育64,吉育70,吉育74这4个品种安全,无药害,不影响生育期和产量。展开更多
文摘Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to determine if the addition of bentazon reduces the injury from cloransulam-methyl or halosulfuron-methyl applied POST in black, cranberry, kidney and white beans. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl reduced the level of injury 0 to 6% at 17.5 g·ai·ha–1 and 0 to 9% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 in dry bean. Bentazon added to halosulfuron-methyl reduced the level of injury as much as 4% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 and 6% at the 70 g·ai·ha–1. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased plant height as much as 3 cm. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on the height of various market classes of dry bean. Bentazon added to cloran-sulam-methyl generally has no effect on seed moisture content in black and white bean but decreased seed moisture content of cranberry and kidney bean as much as 4%. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl caused no effect on seed moisture content of dry bean. Cloransulam-methyl caused a 7% to 18% reduction in dry bean yield compared to halosulfuron-methyl and 12% to 21% reduction in yield compared to bentazon. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased dry bean yield by 0.16 and 0.31 t·ha–1 at Exeter (2009) and Ridgetown (2009) respectively. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on dry bean yield.
文摘The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) in soybean (Glycine max L.). Trials were conducted at two locations in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009. Experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either five PRE or nine POST herbicides. Volunteer adzuki bean interference in soybean resulted in yield loss of up to 25%. Cloransulam-methyl, linuron, metribuzin, flumetsulam, and imazethapyr applied PRE provided up to 6, 24, 14, 8, and 0% control, respectively at 8 weeks after emergence (WAE), while acifluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr, and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied POST provided 2, 2, 5, 34, 6, 4, and 12% control, respectively at 8 weeks after application (WAA). Generally, with the aforementioned herbicides, soybean yield was equivalent to the weedy control and soybean grain contamination with adzuki bean seed was consistently above the 1% maximum threshold. Chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate applied POST provided up to 84 and 94% visual control at 8 WAA, respectively, decreased adzuki bean density, biomass, and seed production, and generally decreased soybean contamination with adzuki bean below the 1% threshold. The only herbicides evaluated in this study that controlled volunteer adzuki bean in soybean were chlorimuron-ethyl (9 g ai.ha-1) and glyphosate (900 g ai.ha-1) applied POST. All the other PRE and POST herbicides evaluated did not provide adequate control of volunteer adzuki bean in soybean.
基金Funding for this project was provided in part by Monsanto Canada Inc.,the Grain Farmers of Ontario and the Agricultural Adaptation Council through the Canadian Agricultural Adaptation Program.
文摘Giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) is competitive with agronomic crops and can cause significant yield losses. Rapid adoption of glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops and a concomitant increase in the reliance on glyphosate for weed management has led to the evolution of GR giant ragweed in Ontario, Canada. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the level of resistance in giant ragweed biotypes from Ontario, and to evaluate the effectiveness of various postemer-gence (POST) herbicides in soybean (Glycine max L.). The effective dose (ED) to provide 50%, 80% and 95% giant ragweed control was up to 1658, 9991 and >43200 g?a.e.?ha–1 4 weeks after application (WAA), respectively. For effective control, growers would need to apply glyphosate 18 times greater than the recommended field application dose. Glyphosate applied at the recommended field dose of 900 g?a.e.?ha–1 provided up to 57% control and resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weedy check. Cloransulam-methyl applied POST provided up to 99% control, reduced giant ragweed density 98%, reduced giant ragweed shoot dry weight 99% and resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weedfree check. Chlorimuron-ethyl, fomesafen, imazethapyr and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied alone or with glyphosate did not provide adequate control of GR giant ragweed. Based on these results, some GR giant ragweed biotypes from Ontario have evolved a high level of resistance to glyphosate. Cloransulam-methyl applied POST was the only herbicide that provided adequate control and suggests that additional weed management tactics will need to be implemented in order to effectively manage GR giant ragweed.
基金Funding for this project was provided in part by Monsanto Canada Inc.the Grain Farmers of Ontario and the Agricultural Adaptation Council through the Canadian Agricultural Adaptation Program.
文摘Giant ragweed was the first glyphosate resistant weed identified in Canada. It is a very competetive weed in row crop production and has been found to drastically reduce yields of soybean;therefore, control of this competitive weed is essential. The objective of this study was to determine effective control options for glyphosate resistant giant ragweed in soybean with herbicides applied preplant. Eighteen herbicide combinations were evaluated in field studies conducted in 2011 and 2012 at five locations with confirmed glyphosate resistant giant ragweed. Glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester or amitrole provided the best control of glyphosate resistant giant ragweed 4 WAA. Glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester provided 98 to 99% control and was equivalent to the weed free check at all locations. Glyphosate plus amitrole provided 90% to 93% control and was equivalent to the weed free check at 4 of 5 locations. Herbicides providing residual activity provided variable control across all locations. Of the herbicides with residual activity evaluated, glyphosate plus linuron provided the best control of glyphosate resistant giant ragweed;however, control was inconsistent across locations and years. Glyphosate plus linuron provided 23% to 99% controland was equal to the weed free check at one location 8 WAA.
文摘A total of four field experiments were conducted during 2017, 2019 and 2020 in Ontario, Canada to determine if applying a fungicide 2 - 3 days after a herbicide, applied POST, reduces visible injury, increases crop vigour and increases yield of soybean. At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively. The injury decreased over time with less than 5% injury at 8 WAB (weeks after fungicide application) in all treatments evaluated. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of herbicides evaluated did not reduce soybean injury. Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB. The soybean vigour increased over time to 95% - 100% at 8 WAB. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the herbicide application did not improve soybean vigour, except with thifensulfuron-methyl where soybean vigour was improved 6% when followed by pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad. There was no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yield except for thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr without the fungicide treatments which reduced soybean relative yield 7% and 10%, respectively. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of imazethapyr increased soybean yield 3%. Based on these results, applying pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad fungicide 2 - 3 days after glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon and cloransulam-methyl does not affect soybean injury, vigour or yield, but it can slightly enhance the vigour and yield of soybean when applied after thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr.
文摘氯酯磺草胺WDG是磺酰胺类除草剂,对大豆田阔叶杂草具有很好的防治效果,本文通过田间试验,研究了84%氯酯磺草胺WDG对大豆田鸭跖草防除效果及对不同大豆品种的安全性。结果表明,84%氯酯磺草胺WDG 25.2~50.4 g a.i/hm^2对鸭跖草有较好防除效果,施药后45 d对鸭跖草的鲜重防效为95.1%~100%;对吉育57,吉育64,吉育70,吉育74这4个品种安全,无药害,不影响生育期和产量。
