Formation of a Rapidly Rotating Classical Be-star in a Massive Close Binary System

This paper investigates the spin-up of a mass-accreting star in a close binary system passing through the first stage of mass exchange in the Hertzsprung gap. Inside an accreting star, angular momentum is carried by meridional circulation and shear turbulence. The circulation carries part of the angular momentum of the accreted layers to the accretor's surface. The greater the rate of arrival of angular momentum in the accretor is, the greater this part. It is assumed that this part of the angular momentum can be removed by the disk further from the accretor. If the angular momentum in the matter entering the accretor is more than half the Keplerian value, then the angular momentum obtained by the accretor during mass exchange stage does not depend on the rate of arrival of angular momentum. The accretor may have the characteristics of a Be-star immediately after the end of mass exchange.

Sensing-Communication-Computing-Control Closed Loop for NOMA-UAV Systems

In the areas without terrestrial communication infrastructures,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can be utilized to serve field robots for mission-critical tasks.For this purpose,UAVs can be equipped with sensing,communication,and computing modules to support various requirements of robots.In the task process,different modules assist the robots to perform tasks in a closed-loop way,which is referred to as a sensing-communication-computing-control(SC3)loop.In this work,we investigate a UAV-aided system containing multiple SC^(3)loops,which leverages non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)for efficient resource sharing.We describe and compare three different modelling levels for the SC^(3)loop.Based on the entropy SC^(3)loop model,a sum linear quadratic regulator(LQR)control cost minimization problem is formulated by optimizing the communication power.Further for the assure-to-be-stable case,we show that the original problem can be approximated by a modified user fairness problem,and accordingly gain more insights into the optimal solutions.Simulation results demonstrate the performance gain of using NOMA in such task-oriented systems,as well as the superiority of our proposed closed-loop-oriented design.

Design and analysis of an advanced thermal management system for the solar close observations and proximity experiments spacecraft

In this paper,the mission and the thermal environment of the Solar Close Observations and Proximity Experiments(SCOPE)spacecraft are analyzed,and an advanced thermal management system(ATMS)is designed for it.The relationship and functions of the integrated database,the intelligent thermal control system and the efficient liquid cooling system in the ATMS are elaborated upon.For the complex thermal field regulation system and extreme space thermal environment,a modular simulation and thermal field planning method are proposed,and the feasibility of the planning algorithm is verified by numerical simulation.A solar array liquid cooling system is developed,and the system simulation results indicate that the temperatures of the solar arrays meet the requirements as the spacecraft flies by perihelion and aphelion.The advanced thermal management study supports the development of the SCOPE program and provides a reference for the thermal management in other deep-space exploration programs.

Design and Test of Closed Hydraulic Transmission System of 4WD High-clearance Wheeled Sprayer

In conjunction with the working characteristics of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and the benefits of the closed hydraulic system,a series of reasonable working parameters should be established,and a hydraulic system that fulfills the requisite specifications should be designed.The AMESim software model is employed to construct a closed hydraulic transmission system,and the simulation analysis is then performed according to the data of hydraulic components.According to analysis results,the prototype can be optimized and upgraded,and a verification test is further carried out.The test results demonstrate that the designed closed hydraulic transmission system meets the actual working requirements of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and provides a stable experimental platform for intelligent control of agricultural machinery.

Two-dimensional Parameter Relationships for W UMa-type Systems Revisited

Reviewing the empirical and theoretical parameter relationships between various parameters is a good way to understand more about contact binary systems.In this investigation,two-dimensional(2D)relationships for P–MV(system),P–L1,2,M1,2–L1,2,and q–Lratiowere revisited.The sample used is related to 118 contact binary systems with an orbital period shorter than 0.6 days whose absolute parameters were estimated based on the Gaia Data Release 3 parallax.We reviewed previous studies on 2D relationships and updated six parameter relationships.Therefore,Markov chain Monte Carlo and Machine Learning methods were used,and the outcomes were compared.We selected 22 contact binary systems from eight previous studies for comparison,which had light curve solutions using spectroscopic data.The results show that the systems are in good agreement with the results of this study.

Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells in a mouse model of closed head injury

Stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as a potential treatment for neural regeneration following closed head injury.We previously reported that induced neural stem cells exert beneficial effects on neural regeneration via cell replacement.However,the neural regeneration efficiency of induced neural stem cells remains limited.In this study,we explored differentially expressed genes and long non-coding RNAs to clarify the mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells.We found that H19 was the most downregulated neurogenesis-associated lnc RNA in induced neural stem cells compared with induced pluripotent stem cells.Additionally,we demonstrated that H19 levels in induced neural stem cells were markedly lower than those in induced pluripotent stem cells and were substantially higher than those in induced neural stem cell-derived neurons.We predicted the target genes of H19 and discovered that H19 directly interacts with mi R-325-3p,which directly interacts with Ctbp2 in induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells.Silencing H19 or Ctbp2 impaired induced neural stem cell proliferation,and mi R-325-3p suppression restored the effect of H19 inhibition but not the effect of Ctbp2 inhibition.Furthermore,H19 silencing substantially promoted the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells and did not induce apoptosis of induced neural stem cells.Notably,silencing H19 in induced neural stem cell grafts markedly accelerated the neurological recovery of closed head injury mice.Our results reveal that H19 regulates the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells.H19 inhibition may promote the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells,which is closely associated with neurological recovery following closed head injury.

Speckle-interferometric Study of Close Visual Binary System HIP 11253(HD 14874)using Gaia(DR2 and EDR3)

We present a comprehensive set of physical and geometrical parameters for each of the components of the close visual binary system HIP 11253(HD 14874).We present an analysis for the binary and multiple stellar systems with the aim to obtain a match between the overall observational spectral energy distribution of the system and the spectral synthesis created from model atmospheres using Al-Wardat's method for analyzing binary and multiple stellar systems.The epoch positions are used to determine the orbital parameters and the total mass.The parameters of both components are derived as:T_(eff)^(a)=6025,T_(eff)^(b)=4710,logg_(a)=4.55,logg_(b)=4.60,R_(a)=1.125 R_(⊙),R_(b)=0.88R_(⊙),L_(a)=1.849 L_(⊙),L_(b)=0.342 L_(⊙).Our analysis shows that the spectral types of the components are F9 and K3.By combining the orbital solution with the parallax measurements of Gaia DR2 and EDR3,we estimate the individual masses using the H-R diagram as M_(a)=1.09 M_(⊙)and M_(b)=0.59 M_(⊙)for using Gaia DR2 parallax and M_(a)=1.10 M_(⊙)and M_(b)=0.61 M_(⊙)for using Gaia EDR3 parallax.Finally,the location of both system's components on the stellar evolutionary tracks is presented.

Induced neural stem cells regulate microglial activation through Akt-mediated upregulation of CXCR4 and Crry in a mouse model of closed head injury

Microglial activation that occurs rapidly after closed head injury may play important and complex roles in neuroinflammation-associated neuronal damage and repair.We previously reported that induced neural stem cells can modulate the behavior of activated microglia via CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling,influencing their activation such that they can promote neurological recovery.However,the mechanism of CXCR4 upregulation in induced neural stem cells remains unclear.In this study,we found that nuclear factor-κB activation induced by closed head injury mouse serum in microglia promoted CXCL12 and tumor necrosis factor-αexpression but suppressed insulin-like growth factor-1 expression.However,recombinant complement receptor 2-conjugated Crry(CR2-Crry)reduced the effects of closed head injury mouse serum-induced nuclear factor-κB activation in microglia and the levels of activated microglia,CXCL12,and tumor necrosis factor-α.Additionally,we observed that,in response to stimulation(including stimulation by CXCL12 secreted by activated microglia),CXCR4 and Crry levels can be upregulated in induced neural stem cells via the interplay among CXCL12/CXCR4,Crry,and Akt signaling to modulate microglial activation.In agreement with these in vitro experimental results,we found that Akt activation enhanced the immunoregulatory effects of induced neural stem cell grafts on microglial activation,leading to the promotion of neurological recovery via insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion and the neuroprotective effects of induced neural stem cell grafts through CXCR4 and Crry upregulation in the injured cortices of closed head injury mice.Notably,these beneficial effects of Akt activation in induced neural stem cells were positively correlated with the therapeutic effects of induced neural stem cells on neuronal injury,cerebral edema,and neurological disorders post–closed head injury.In conclusion,our findings reveal that Akt activation may enhance the immunoregulatory effects of induced neural stem cells on microglial activation via upregulation of CXCR4 and Crry,thereby promoting induced neural stem cell–mediated improvement of neuronal injury,cerebral edema,and neurological disorders following closed head injury.

Artificial intelligence powered glucose monitoring and controlling system:Pumping module

BACKGROUND Diabetes,a globally escalating health concern,necessitates innovative solutions for efficient detection and management.Blood glucose control is an essential aspect of managing diabetes and finding the most effective ways to control it.The latest findings suggest that a basal insulin administration rate and a single,highconcentration injection before a meal may not be sufficient to maintain healthy blood glucose levels.While the basal insulin rate treatment can stabilize blood glucose levels over the long term,it may not be enough to bring the levels below the post-meal limit after 60 min.The short-term impacts of meals can be greatly reduced by high-concentration injections,which can help stabilize blood glucose levels.Unfortunately,they cannot provide long-term stability to satisfy the postmeal or pre-meal restrictions.However,proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control with basal dose maintains the blood glucose levels within the range for a longer period.AIM To develop a closed-loop electronic system to pump required insulin into the patient's body automatically in synchronization with glucose sensor readings.METHODS The proposed system integrates a glucose sensor,decision unit,and pumping module to specifically address the pumping of insulin and enhance system effectiveness.Serving as the intelligence hub,the decision unit analyzes data from the glucose sensor to determine the optimal insulin dosage,guided by a pre-existing glucose and insulin level table.The artificial intelligence detection block processes this information,providing decision instructions to the pumping module.Equipped with communication antennas,the glucose sensor and micropump operate in a feedback loop,creating a closed-loop system that eliminates the need for manual intervention.RESULTS The incorporation of a PID controller to assess and regulate blood glucose and insulin levels in individuals with diabetes introduces a sophisticated and dynamic element to diabetes management.The simulation not only allows visualization of how the body responds to different inputs but also offers a valuable tool for predicting and testing the effects of various interventions over time.The PID controller's role in adjusting insulin dosage based on the discrepancy between desired setpoints and actual measurements showcases a proactive strategy for maintaining blood glucose levels within a healthy range.This dynamic feedback loop not only delays the onset of steady-state conditions but also effectively counteracts post-meal spikes in blood glucose.CONCLUSION The WiFi-controlled voltage controller and the PID controller simulation collectively underscore the ongoing efforts to enhance efficiency,safety,and personalized care within the realm of diabetes management.These technological advancements not only contribute to the optimization of insulin delivery systems but also have the potential to reshape our understanding of glucose and insulin dynamics,fostering a new era of precision medicine in the treatment of diabetes.

Discussion on Dust Removal(Suppression)System of Crushing Station in Open-Pit Coal Mine

This paper introduces the method of coal dust treatment in crushing station and the present situation of dust removal system in typical open-pit coal mine crushing station in China,and expounds the research idea of determining comprehensive dust removal(suppression)system in crushing station inspired by the working principle of"range hood".Based on the design example and link optimization of the crush-ing station of open-pit coal mine I of Thar coalfield,this paper finally draws some conclusions on the key technologies of dust removal(suppression)system of open-pit coal mine crushing station.This study has certain reference value for the technical innovation of dust removal(suppression)system in crushing station,the realization of green mining in"crushing link",and the reduction and avoidance of ecological environment pollution in mining area.

Factors Associated with Closely Spaced Pregnancies at the Departmental Hospital Centre of Zou-Collines (Benin) in 2022

Introduction: Birth spacing to prevent closely-spaced pregnancies, which are a source of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, is not always respected by our women, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective was to study the factors associated with closely-spaced pregnancies among women followed at the Departmental Hospital Center du Zou et du Colline (DHC/Z-C) in 2022. Study Method: This was a descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection from 20 May to 30 June 2022. Results: At the end of the study, 83 of the 117 women surveyed had close pregnancies, a frequency of 70.94%. They had an average age of 27.0 ± 6.3 years and were of Fon ethnicity and related in 91.57% of cases. The majority were married (96.60%). The factors significantly associated with these closely spaced pregnancies were age between 25 and 30 years, household occupation, age at first birth, age at marriage, women’s perception of contraceptive method (CM), women’s knowledge of the existence of a center providing family planning services and non-use of MC. Conclusion: Close pregnancies are still very common in the commune of Abomey. It is therefore important to increase the use of contraceptive methods in this part of the country.

Conventional Geothermal Systems and Unconventional Geothermal Developments: An Overview

This paper provides an overview of conventional geothermal systems and unconventional geothermal developments as a common reference is needed for discussions between energy professionals. Conventional geothermal systems have the heat, permeability and fluid, requiring only drilling down to °C, normal heat flow or decaying radiogenic granite as heat sources, and used in district heating. Medium-temperature (MT) 100°C - 190°C, and high-temperature (HT) 190°C - 374°C resources are mostly at plate boundaries, with volcanic intrusive heat source, used mostly for electricity generation. Single well capacities are °C - 500°C) and a range of depths (1 m to 20 Km), but lack permeability or fluid, thus requiring stimulations for heat extraction by conduction. HVAC is 1 - 2 m deep and shallow geothermal down to 500 m in wells, both capturing °C, with °C are either advanced by geothermal developers at <7 Km depth (Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), drilling below brittle-ductile transition zones and under geothermal fields), or by the Oil & Gas industry (Advanced Geothermal Systems, heat recovery from hydrocarbon wells or reservoirs, Superhot Rock Geothermal, and millimeter-wave drilling down to 20 Km). Their primary aim is electricity generation, relying on closed-loops, but EGS uses fractures for heat exchange with earthquake risks during fracking. Unconventional approaches could be everywhere, with shallow geothermal already functional. The deeper and hotter unconventional alternatives are still experimental, overcoming costs and technological challenges to become fully commercial. Meanwhile, the conventional geothermal resources remain the most proven opportunities for investments and development.

Study on the Effect of Behavioral Interventions Based on the Theory of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”on Tuberculosis Cognitive Level of Close Contacts

Objective:Based on the theory of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice,”health education was carried out for close contact with tuberculosis(TB)at a university in Beijing,and its impact on the students’awareness of TB was studied.This study could provide a reference for effective health education interventions among close contacts of TB in undergraduates.Methods:102 undergraduates who had close contact with one confirmed case of pulmonary TB in April 2021 at a university were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group.The intervention group was given the“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”health education intervention by professionally trained doctors,and were asked to complete a self-designed TB-related questionnaire before and after the intervention.Both groups performed the Tuberculin Skin Test(TST)and chest X-ray(CR)examination.Results:The rate of the TST test was 18.6%,and CR examination showed 0 cases of pulmonary TB.The survey results showed that the TB awareness rate(96.1%,49/51)in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group(51.0%,26/51),and the differences in awareness rate between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Regarding the attitude/skills toward TB,the prevalence rate of tuberculosis-related attitude/behavior in the intervention group(94.1%,47/51)was significantly higher than that of the control group(60.8%,31/51),and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both self-controlled and parallel-controlled studies showed that the health education intervention of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”improved the awareness of TB among close contacts of TB in undergraduates.

Singular Points, Closed Orbits, Stable Manifolds and Unstable Manifolds of Second Order Autonomous Birkhoff Systems

Aim To study singular points, closed orbits, stable manifolds and unstable manifolds of a second order autonomous Birkhoff system. Methods Qualitative methods of ordinary differential equation were used. Results and Conclusion The criteria for singular points, closed orbits and hyperbolic equilibrium points of a second order autonomous Birkhoff system are given. Moreover the stability of equilibria, stable manifolds and unstable manifolds are obtained.

The Predetermined Failure of Murphy＇s Quest for Freedom in Closed Systems--Narritivity Temporality in Murphy

This essay aims at an analysis of Murphy's failure of his quest for freedom from the aspect of narrative temporality whichwill focus on order, duration and frequency. From the perspective of temporal order, the essay will endeavor to probe into the pro-lepsis in the novel to analyse predetermined narrative and its function. Considering with temporal duration, this essay will penetratethe deceleration of narrative—scene and pause in Murphy to explore its thematic meaning. To investigate the temporal frequency,iterative narrative within text will be exemplified to discuss closed systems in the novel. Based on the analysis of the narrativity tem-porality in Murphy, the essay will focuses on that how its narrative strategy well embodies its theme—the predetermined failure ofMurphy's quest for freedom in closed systems.

Finite-time stability with respect to a closed invariant set for a class of discontinuous systems

This paper discusses the problem of finite-time stability with respect to a closed, but not necessarily compact, invariant set for a class of nonlinear systems with discontinuous right-hand sides in the sense of the Filippov solutions. When the Lyapunov function is Lipschitz continuous and regular, the Lyapunov theorem on finite-time stability with respect to a closed invariant set is presented.

Process optimization of a closed-chamber distillation system for the recovery of FLiNaK molten salt

Low-pressure distillation has been proposed as a suitable technique for the recovery of carrier salt from molten salt reactor spent fuel.A closed-chamber distillation system,in which the pump is stopped and pressureinduced salt distillation is performed,was arranged for fluoride salt treatment.A stair-step optimization process was demonstrated to improve the recovery efficiency by up to 99%.The pressure change curve was feasible for estimating the distillation process,and a method for displaying the pressure value online in order to determine the endpoint was also developed.The decontamination factor of Nd in the condensate salt was deduced to be greater than 100 with 1 wt%NdF3–FLiNaK distillation.The optimal conditions developed in this study showed a high recovery ratio for the fluoride carrier salt and a high separation efficiency for rare earth products.

Phase-dependent inversionless gain in a four-level atomic system with a closed interaction loop

A four-level atomic system with a closed interaction loop connected by two coherent driving fields and a microwave field is investigated. The results show that inversionless gain can be achieved on a higher frequency transition outside the closed interaction loop, and the gain behaviour can be modulated by the phase of the closed loop as well as the amplitude of the microwave field. The phase sensitivity property in such a scheme is similar to that in an analogous configuration with spontaneously generated coherence, but it is beyond the rigorous condition of near-degenerate levels with non-orthogonal dipole moments. Therefore this scheme is much more convenient in experimental realization.

Using Automation Controller System and Simulation Program for Testing Closed Circuits of Mini-Sprinkler Irrigation System

The field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Faculty of agricultural, southern Illinois University SIUC, USA. The project makes the irrigation automated. With the use of low cost sensors and the simple circuitry makes currently project a low cost product, which can be bought even by a poor farmer. This research work is best suited for places where water is scares and has to be used in limited quantity and this proposal is a model to modernize the agriculture industries at a mass scale with optimum expenditure. In the field of agricultural engineering, use of sensor method of irrigation operation is important and it is well known that closed circuits of Mini-sprinkler irrigation system are very economical and efficient. Closed circuits are considered one of the modifications of Mini-sprinkler irrigation system, and added advantages to Mini-sprinkler irrigation system because it can relieve low operating pressures problem at the end of the lateral lines. In the conventional closed circuits of Mini-sprinkler irrigation system, the farmer has to keep watch on irrigation timetable, which is different for different crops. Using this system, one can save manpower, water to improve production and ultimately profit. The data could be summarized in following: Irrigation methods under study when using lateral length 60 mcould be ranked in the following ascending order according the values of the predicted and measured head losses CM1M-SIS CM2M-SIS.The correlation (Corr.) coefficients were used to compare the predicted and measured head losses along the lateral lines of all the closed circuits designs. Generally, the values of correlation analysis were (>0.90) were obtained with 0% field slope60 mlength (experimental conditions) for all closed circuits.The interaction between irrigation methods: at the start there are significant differences between CM2M-SIS and CM1M-SIS.

Energy and water saving by using modified closed circuits of drip irrigation system

The aim of this research was determine the en- ergy and water use efficiencies under the modification of closed circuit drip irrigation systems designs. Field experiments carried out on transgenic maize (GDH, LL3), (Zea Mays crop) under two types of closed circuits: a) One manifold for lateral lines or Closed circuits with One Manifold of Drip Irrigation System (CM1DIS);b) Closed circuits with Two Manifolds of Drip Irrigation System (CM2DIS), and c) Traditional Drip Irrigation System (TDIS) as a control. Three lengths of lateral lines were used, 40, 60, and 80 meters. PE tubes lateral lines: 16 mm diameter;30 cm emitters distance, and GR built-in emitters 4 lph when operating pressure 1 bar under Two levels slope conditions 0% and 2%. Experiments were conducted at the Agric. Res. Fields., Soil and Plant & Agric. System Dept., Agric. Faculty, Southern Illinois University, Car- bondale (SIUC), Illinois, USA. Under 0% level slope when using CM2DIS the increase percent of Energy Use Efficiency (EUE) were 32.27, 33.21, and 34.37% whereas with CM1DIS were 30.84, 28.96, and 27.45% On the other hand when level slope 2% were with CM2DIS 31.57, 33.14, and 34.25 while CM1DIS were 30.15, 28.98, and 27.53 under lateral lengths 40, 60 and 80 m respectively relative to TDIS. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) when level slope 0% under CM2DIS were 1.67, 1.18, and 0.87 kg/m3 compared to 1.65, 1.16, and 0.86 kg/m3 with CM1DIS and 1.35, 1.04, and 0.75 kg/m3 with TDIS whereas with level slope 2% when using CM2DIS were 1.76, 1.29, and 0.84 kg/m3 compared to 1.77, 1.30, and 0.87 kg/m3 with CM1DIS and 1.41, 1.12, and 0.76 kg/m3 (for lateral lengths 40, 60, and 80 meters respectively). Water saving percent varied widely within individual lateral lengths and between circuit types relative to TDIS. Under slope 0% level CM2DIS water saving percent values were 19.26, 12.48, and 14.03%;with CM1DIS they were 18.51, 10.50, and 12.78%;and under slope level 2% with CM2DIS they were 19.93, 13.26, and 10.38% and CM1DIS were 20.49, 13.96, and 13.23% (for lateral lengths 40, 60, 80 meters respectively). The energy use efficiency and water saving were observed under CM2DIS and CM1DIS when using the shortest lateral length 40 meters, then lateral length 60 meters, while the lowest value was observed when using lateral length 80 meters this result depends on the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the emitters, lateral line uniformity, and friction losses. CM2DIS was more energy use efficiency, EUE, water saving, and WUE than either CM1DIS or TDIS.