Separation of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Governing Regional Variability of Arctic Sea Ice in Summer

In recent decades,Arctic summer sea ice extent(SIE)has shown a rapid decline overlaid with large interannual variations,both of which are influenced by geopotential height anomalies over Greenland(GL-high)and the central Arctic(CA-high).In this study,SIE along coastal Siberia(Sib-SIE)and Alaska(Ala-SIE)is found to account for about 65%and 21%of the Arctic SIE interannual variability,respectively.Variability in Ala-SIE is related to the GL-high,whereas variability in Sib-SIE is related to the CA-high.A decreased Ala-SIE is associated with decreased cloud cover and increased easterly winds along the Alaskan coast,promoting ice-albedo feedback.A decreased Sib-SIE is associated with a significant increase in water vapor and downward longwave radiation(DLR)along the Siberian coast.The years 2012 and 2020 with minimum recorded ASIE are used as examples.Compared to climatology,summer 2012 is characterized by a significantly enhanced GL-high with major sea ice loss along the Alaskan coast,while summer 2020 is characterized by an enhanced CA-high with sea ice loss focused along the Siberian coast.In 2012,the lack of cloud cover along the Alaskan coast contributed to an increase in incoming solar radiation,amplifying ice-albedo feedback there;while in 2020,the opposite occurs with an increase in cloud cover along the Alaskan coast,resulting in a slight increase in sea ice there.Along the Siberian coast,increased DLR in 2020 plays a dominant role in sea ice loss,and increased cloud cover and water vapor both contribute to the increased DLR.

Patterns of upper layer circulation variability in the South China Sea from satellite altimetry using the self-organizing map

Patterns of the South China Sea (SCS) circulation variability are extracted from merged satellite altimetry data from October 1992 through August 2004 by using the self-organizing map (SOM). The annual cycle, seasonal and inter-annual variations of the SCS surface circulation are identified through the evolution of the characteristic circulation patterns.The annual cycle of the SCS general circulation patterns is described as a change between two opposite basin-scale SW-NE oriented gyres embedded with eddies: low sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) (cyclonic) in winter and high SSHA (anticyclonic) in summer half year. The transition starts from July—August (January—February) with a high (low) SSHA tongue east of Vietnam around 12°~14° N, which develops into a big anticyclonic (cyclonic) gyre while moving eastward to the deep basin. During the transitions, a dipole structure, cyclonic (anticyclonic) in the north and anticyclonic (cyclonic) in the south, may be formed southeast off Vietnam with a strong zonal jet around 10°~12° N. The seasonal variation is modulated by the interannual variations. Besides the strong 1997/1998 event in response to the peak Pacific El Nio in 1997, the overall SCS sea level is found to have a significant rise during 1999~2001, however, in summer 2004 the overall SCS sea level is lower and the basin-wide anticyclonic gyre becomes weaker than the other years.

Surface circulation patterns observed by drifters in the Yellow Sea in summer of 2001,2002 and 2003

In summer of 2001, 2002 and 2003, ten, six and seventeen satellite-tracked surface drifters with drogues centered at 15 and 4 m were deployed, respectively, in the southern Yellow Sea (YS). 23 drifters of them transmitted useful data of at least 30 days. The wind-driven component of the drift was removed from the original drift velocity of drifters. The wind data used are from NCEP (National Center for Environmental Prediction), USA.Trajectories and drift velocities of the 23 drifters depicted the upper circulation structure in the southern YS.There exists an anti-cyclonic eddy with a mean speed and radius of 0.063 m/s and 50km in the central southern YS, whose center lingered within 35.3-36.0°N / 123.5-124.0°E. Showed by 6 drifters, a basin-scale elliptic cyclonic gyre with a mean speed of 0.114 m/s, long and short radius of 250 and 200 km surrounds the anti-cyclonic eddy. In the southwestern part of the southern YS has obvious frontal eddy activities within about100 km with a mean speed about 0.076 m/s. All the drifters passing Korean coast were staggering for more than10 days west of a protruding cape of central Korea. A small-scale cyclonic eddy centered at around 120.5°E/35.1°N with a mean speed of 0.048 m/s was observed in western part of the southern YS.

The Studies of Regional Water Circulation Patterns in the Yerqiang River Basin

Based on the characteristic of ‘one river one oasis’ in the arid areas, the Yerqiang River Basin, which is the largest irrigated area of Xinjiang, is taken as an example in this paper, and the regional water circulation pattern is investigated through the analysis of 60 groups of isotope data in the basin. From the phreatic evaporation data analysis of different soils, we study the law of phreatic evaporation, complete the research of the main consumption path of the groundwater, and improve the assessment precision of water resources. The transformation mount of regional water resources are predicted by calculation, which provides a scientific basis for water resources assessment and allocation in arid regions, and offers a new method for the study of regional water circulation patterns.

Evaluation of the Circulation Patterns in the Black Sea Using Remotely Sensed and <i>in Situ</i>Measurements

The objective of the present work is to provide an overview of the general circulation features in the Black Sea basin. In order to achieve this, 18 years (1993-2010) of satellite data coming from the Aviso website were analyzed. A description of the general circulation patterns in the Black Sea is first presented. This is followed by statistical analyses of the satellite data in 20 points covering the entire area of the sea. The reference points were chosen as follows: 12 points along the Rim cyclonic current, 3 points inside the Rim cyclonic current, 4 points on the edge of two of the biggest anticyclonic gyres outside the Rim current and one point in the northwestern shelf area of the basin. Rose graphics were drawn for the reference points for winter and summer time. Finally, 9 years of in situ data obtained from the Gloria drilling platform were analyzed and compared with the satellite data. The present study shows that most of the reference points are sensitive to seasonal changes. The current velocities depend mostly on the points location: the points located on the Rim current and on the nearshore anticyclonic eddies present higher values than the ones located in or outside the general circulation features.

Circulation Patterns of Summer Monsoon Corresponding to Two Kinds of Indices over the South China Sea

The characteristics of circulation corresponding to two kinds of indices of summer monsoon onset over the South China Sea (SCS) have been discussed using the reanalysis data of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research. It is found that there are two patterns of deep convection that occur at different locations and influence the summer monsoon onset over the SCS. One is over the Asia continent and the western Pacific corresponding to the southwesterly of summer monsoon prevailing over the northern and central part of the SCS, while the other is near the Philippines that affects the westerly summer monsoon as prevailing over the central and southern part of the SCS. Since these two kinds of convection affecting the summer monsoon onset do not always occur together, thus the summer monsoon onset time is different when determined by various indices.

Unprecedented Heatwave in Western North America during Late June of 2021: Roles of Atmospheric Circulation and Global Warming

An extraordinary and unprecedented heatwave swept across western North America(i.e.,the Pacific Northwest)in late June of 2021,resulting in hundreds of deaths,a massive die-off of sea creatures off the coast,and horrific wildfires.Here,we use observational data to find the atmospheric circulation variabilities of the North Pacific and Arctic-Pacific-Canada patterns that co-occurred with the development and mature phases of the heatwave,as well as the North America pattern,which coincided with the decaying and eastward movement of the heatwave.Climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(Phase 6)are not designed to simulate a particular heatwave event like this one.Still,models show that greenhouse gases are the main reason for the long-term increase of average daily maximum temperature in western North America in the past and future.

An Evaluation of the Main Physical Features and Circulation Patterns in the Black Sea Basin

Having as target the semi-enclosed basin of the Black Sea,the primary purpose of the existing paper is to present an overview of its extensive physical features and circulation patterns.To achieve this goal,more than five decades of data analysis-from 1960 to 2015-were taken into consideration and the results were validated against acknowledged data,both from satellite data over the last two decades and in-situ measurements from first decades.The circulation of the Black Sea basin has been studied for almost 400 years since the Italian Count Luigi Marsigli first described the“two-layer”circulation through the Bosphorus Strait in the year 1681.Since climate change projections for the Black Sea region foresee a significant impact on the environment in the coming decades,a set of adaptation and mitigation measures is required.Therefore more research is needed.Nowadays,the warming trend adds a sense of immediate urgency because according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Centre for Environmental Information,July 2020 was the second-hottest month ever recorded for the planet.Its averaged land and ocean surface temperature tied with July 2016 as the secondhighest for the month in the 141-year NOAA’s global temperature dataset history,which dates back to 1880.It was 0.92°C above the 20th-century average of 15.8°C,with only 0.01°C less than the record extreme value measured in July of 2019.

The Response of Anomalous Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Patterns Related to Drought and Flood in Southern China to Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly

With the extreme drought(flood)event in southern China from July to August in 2022(1999)as the research object,based on the comprehensive diagnosis and composite analysis on the anomalous drought and flood years from July to August in 1961-2022,it is found that there are significant differences in the characteristics of the vertically integrated moisture flux(VIMF)anomaly circulation pattern and the VIMF convergence(VIMFC)anomaly in southern China in drought and flood years,and the VIMFC,a physical quantity,can be regarded as an indicative physical factor for the"strong signal"of drought and flood in southern China.Specifically,in drought years,the VIMF anomaly in southern China is an anticyclonic circulation pattern and the divergence characteristics of the VIMFC are prominent,while those are opposite in flood years.Based on the SST anomaly in the typical draught year of 2022 in southern China and the SST deviation distribution characteristics of abnormal draught and flood years from 1961 to 2022,five SST high impact areas(i.e.,the North Pacific Ocean,Northwest Pacific Ocean,Southwest Pacific Ocean,Indian Ocean,and East Pacific Ocean)are selected via the correlation analysis of VIMFC and the global SST in the preceding months(May and June)and in the study period(July and August)in 1961-2022,and their contributions to drought and flood in southern China are quantified.Our study reveals not only the persistent anomalous variation of SST in the Pacific and the Indian Ocean but also its impact on the pattern of moisture transport.Furthermore,it can be discovered from the positive and negative phase fitting of SST that the SST composite flow field in high impact areas can exhibit two types of anomalous moisture transport structures that are opposite to each other,namely an anticyclonic(cyclonic)circulation pattern anomaly in southern China and the coastal areas of east China.These two types of opposite anomalous moisture transport structures can not only drive the formation of drought(flood)in southern China but also exert its influence on the persistent development of the extreme weather.

“双循环”格局下中国饲料粮进口稳定性研究

“双循环”格局下适度进口已成为缓解国内饲料粮供需矛盾的现实选择。在有效利用国际饲料粮市场的同时,降低饲料粮进口的稳定性风险,既重要且必要。在对国内饲料粮供需形势精准判断的基础上,综合分析饲料粮进口的可获性与可供性,并采用香农熵指数法对饲料粮的进口来源稳定性进行评估。结果表明:国内饲料粮供需格局趋紧并呈现常态化发展趋势,供需缺口不断扩大,适度进口饲料粮是大势所需。总量上,世界饲料粮的供应潜力巨大;时点上,我国与国际饲料粮生产波动的相关性较弱。因此,利用国际市场弥补国内饲料粮的供需缺口是可行的。1992—2020年,我国饲料粮进口的稳定程度整体处于较低水平,其中,玉米、麦麸和大麦的变动幅度较大,大豆的波动幅度较小。在新一轮高水平开放格局下,亟须完善政策体系、优化进口结构、提高进口稳定性,构建“双循环”新发展格局下开放型的国家饲料粮安全保障体系。

服务业开放、数字化赋能与国际循环质量提升

服务业高水平对外开放及数字赋能,是我国进一步提升国际循环质量和水平的重要内容,也是构建新发展格局的有力抓手。自改革开放以来,我国服务业开放已历经45年,但服务贸易发展不均衡不充分的特征依旧明显。从生产成本,贸易成本,贸易方式、贸易对象和贸易主体等层面,对我国服务贸易开放发展进行数字化赋能,现阶段仍存在政策性壁垒较高等问题。从全球价值链分工的视角看,继续逐步降低服务要素流动的政策性成本,能够从全球价值链分工地位、全球价值链参与的安全性与稳定性以及国际经贸规则制定中的话语权等方面,提升我国的国际循环质量。此外,数字技术的发展同样能够以独立或者与服务业开放互动的形式促进我国国际循环质量的提升。

流通数字化赋能全国统一大市场建设的机理与效应研究

建设全国统一大市场是加快构建新发展格局的基础支撑和内在要求。本文聚焦流通数字化发展对全国统一大市场建设的影响,实证检验流通数字化赋能全国统一大市场建设的传导机制和异质特征。研究发现,流通数字化发展能够显著促进全国统一大市场建设,且该研究结论具有较强的稳健性。机制检验结果表明,流通数字化发展能够通过加快创新要素流动、扩大企业规模、释放消费潜力等途径促进全国统一大市场建设。异质性检验结果表明,在基础设施水平、城镇化率和人口集聚程度较高地区,流通数字化对全国统一大市场建设的促进作用较为明显。进一步研究发现,流通数字化与统一大市场之间存在基于基础设施、城镇化率和人口集聚水平的门槛效应。本文研究结论为我国进一步加快流通产业的数字化转型、破除区域间要素流动壁垒、推进统一大市场建设提供了经验证据。

我国国内大循环的测度、解构及内生动力研究:基于构建全国统一大市场的视角

党的二十大报告指出要增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性,准确测度、分解并动态描述我国国内大循环及区域间和产业间循环的水平、结构及时空演变趋势,找到畅通国内大循环发展的内生动力有重要意义。运用价值链循环分解方法对中国国内大循环水平进行测度,并从构建国内统一大市场的视角揭示国内大循环的内生动力。研究发现:中国各产业增加值主要依赖于国内循环,国内区域间循环占比远高于国内产业间循环占比,省外循环水平也略高于省内循环;国内大循环存在一定的空间相关性和地域差异,水平较高的省份主要分布在沿海沿江经济带;我国国内大循环发展整体上呈下降趋势,国内大循环在各区域(省份)的差异逐渐增加;构建全国统一大市场可有效抑制各省份的国内循环水平差异,提升整体的国内大循环水平,作用路径体现在通过消除生产、分配、流通和消费4个环节的堵点提升区域间循环水平。研究结论有利于从定量的角度深入理解国内大循环的现状与趋势,对于构建国内统一大市场、畅通国内大循环具有一定的启示意义。

“双循环”新格局下中国省域旅游协同发展研究

旅游业具备较强的辐射和联动作用,同时也具备较好的内外循环能力,区域旅游协同发展对促进区域旅游高质量发展、推动国内旅游内循环、疏通国际旅游外循环具有重要意义。文章以中国31个省域为研究对象,构建中国旅游协同发展的评价指标体系,运用耦合协调模型与标准差椭圆分析中国旅游协同发展状况与演化趋势,运用引力模型与社会网络分析法研究各省域旅游协同发展的空间联系强度。研究表明:(1)中国旅游协同发展总体上呈现“东部隆起,西部凹陷,中部衔接”的态势,形成马太效应,旅游协同发展重心逐渐向西南移动;(2)空间联系的网络结构逐渐向面状式聚集,在东部与中部形成的增长极发挥核心辐射作用,以空间联系强度为划分标准的聚类逐渐集中并打破地域限制。由此提出,东部应用创新突破旅游协同发展瓶颈,中部需要充分挖掘自身旅游优势,西部各方面起头并进,统筹发展;充分调动各省域之间的旅游活力,促进旅游各要素在区域间的流动,实现由小区域向大区域推进旅游协同发展,逐步提高中国整体旅游协同发展水平。

新时期推进高质量发展的若干路径

高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。新时期,我国高质量发展呈现新特征、新状态,客观上要求新的发展思路与之契合。新时期推进高质量发展,一是需要加快推动新质生产力发展,新质生产力作为先进生产力的演进方向,对新时期高质量发展具有强劲推动力;二是重点推进“双循环”发展,进一步强化国内大循环的主导作用,同时推动国内国际双循环相互促进;三是扎实推进“四化同步”发展,我国的“并联式”现代化发展路径不同于西方国家的“串联式”发展模式,在现代化建设上开辟了符合中国国情、具有中国特色的全新思路,而“并联式”发展模式也意味着发展的压力大、任务重,需要重点谋划;四是协调推进经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长,正确理解经济增长的质与量的关系,在强调质量发展的同时追求适度合理的增长速度;五是正确理解人与自然的关系,深刻把握“生命共同体”的科学内涵,实现人与自然和谐共生;六是统筹发展和安全,经济发展能够提升国家解决安全隐患和风险的能力,在新时期,应着重强调经济安全在国家安全体系中的重要地位。

1961—2020年松花江流域作物生长季降水主模态气候特征及其异常成因分析

选用1961—2020年5—9月松花江流域95站逐日降水观测资料、JRA-55逐月再分析资料及海表温度资料,分析该地区作物生长季降水主模态气候特征及其异常成因,探讨其形成机制及前兆信号。结果表明:松花江流域作物生长季降水主要存在两类空间模态,即全流域一致型和东西反相型。20世纪80—90年代主要模态为全流域一致型,21世纪前10 a以东西反向型为主,近年以全流域一致型为主。降水全流域一致型模态受中高纬系统和低纬系统共同影响,降水东西反相型模态主要受欧亚中高纬度环流的影响,影响松花江流域降水的环流主要位于贝加尔湖和鄂霍茨克海地区。全流域一致型降水水汽收支均为西边界水汽输入、东边界水汽输出;降水偏多时,南、北边界均为水汽输入,偏少时为北边界水汽输入、南边界水汽输出。东西反相型降水的南、北边界和东、西边界水汽收支均为一收一支。

中国产业循环的演变特征与动力机制

加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局,是关系中国发展全局的重大战略任务,也是推动高质量发展的重大举措。基于中国多区域投入产出表,利用增加值分解的方法测度了1987-2017年中国不同产业的循环结构和演变趋势,并揭示了产业经济循环结构变化的影响及其背后的动力机制。研究发现:第一,1987-2017年中国一直以国内大循环为主体,绝大多数产业的国内循环占比超过50%,尤其是农业、建筑业和公共服务业。第二,随着市场化改革的深入和基础设施的完善,省际循环占比呈现快速上升趋势,中间品制造业趋势表现更加显著。第三,国外循环的支撑产业正逐渐从纺织业、服装皮革业等劳动密集型产业转为电子信息制造业等技术密集型产业,产业结构升级也正在成为经济发展质量提升的新动能。第四,交互循环占比提升,表明国内循环与国际循环的互联互通性正在加强。深入分析中国产业循环结构的演变,能够为新发展格局下经济政策的制定提供参考。

本土市场规模与制造业出口复杂度——基于国内国际市场协同的视角

在“双循环”新发展格局下,利用我国超大规模市场优势提升出口产品的复杂度显得尤为重要。通过构建本土市场规模影响出口复杂度的理论模型,采用147个国家(地区)205种制造业产品的出口数据进行实证检验,研究结果表明:本土市场规模对制造业出口复杂度呈显著促进效应,且这种作用在数字基础设施高水平国家、非毗邻大国国家以及发展中国家中表现得更为突出。渠道检验显示,本土市场规模可以通过提高技术创新水平进而影响出口复杂度。此外,基于国内、国际两个市场协同的视角,发现发展中国家进口依存度与本土市场规模具有协同效应,能够促进出口复杂度的提高,其出口依存度则存在负向作用,而发达国家则相反。

双循环发展格局下广东省制造业和物流业融合发展研究

广东省制造业、物流业均处于转型升级、结构调整的重要阶段。推动制造业和物流业两业融合发展是构建新时代“双循环”新发展格局的重要举措,促进广东省制造业、物流业高质量发展的基本途径。针对当前两业融合发展存在的主要问题,广东省须建立面向支柱性制造产业的专业化物流基地、大力推动制造企业物流业务社会化和不断提高物流企业综合服务能力来推动制造业与物流业双向融合发展,以此促进区域产业升级、转移集聚和产业协调高质量发展。

熄风化痰止眩汤联合悬灸治疗风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕的临床研究

目的探讨熄风化痰止眩汤联合悬灸对风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕患者的治疗效果。方法选取2020年5月-2023年5月江阴市中医院脑病科中医收治的81例风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为3组,各27例。其中中药组患者服用熄风化痰止眩汤,悬灸组患者采用悬灸治疗,联合组患者采用熄风化痰止眩汤及悬灸联合治疗。各组治疗周期为4周,比较2组患者的临床疗效、眩晕症状评分[Berg平衡表(BBS)评分、眩晕评估评分量表(DARS)]、脑血流速度[椎基底动脉(BA)、左椎动脉(LVA)和右椎动脉(RVA)]、中医症状积分。结果3组患者治疗后的各指标均优于治疗前。联合组的总有效率为92.60%(25/27),中药组为70.37%(19/27),悬灸组为74.07%(20/27),联合组的疗效明显优于中药组和悬灸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组的BBS评分明显高于中药组和悬灸组,而DARS评分显著低于中药组和悬灸组(P<0.05);联合组BA、LVA、RVA明显高于中药组和悬灸组(P<0.05);中医症状积分在联合组明显低于中药组和悬灸组(P<0.05)。结论熄风化痰止眩汤联合悬灸治疗风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕患者,可显著提高治疗效果,改善患者后循环血流和眩晕症状,具有明显优势。