The iron and steel industry generally features the characteristics of large volume of energy consumption, multiple sorts of energy medium, complex secondary conversion, more recyclable extra energy, and the energy man...The iron and steel industry generally features the characteristics of large volume of energy consumption, multiple sorts of energy medium, complex secondary conversion, more recyclable extra energy, and the energy management of the field may involve the entire personnel, process and system, covering all links from designing, purchasing, energy storage, processing and conversion, distribution, energy use and extra energy recycling. The implementation guidelines summarizes the energy management experience and results and provide a systematic approach for the implementation of GB/T 23331-2012 and GB/T 29456-2012, sharing svstematic instructions and suggestions for the implementing paths and methods of creating, implementing, maintaining and improving the energy management system （EnMS） at the enterprise level.展开更多
For the solid rocket with depletion shutdown system,effective energy management is significant to meet terminal constraints by exhausting excess energy.Several traditional energy management algorithms cannot satisfy t...For the solid rocket with depletion shutdown system,effective energy management is significant to meet terminal constraints by exhausting excess energy.Several traditional energy management algorithms cannot satisfy the altitude constraint and path constraints are not sufficiently considered.The velocity adjustment capability of these algorithms is limited and the uncertainties are not considered.Based on the on-line programming of velocity capability curve,Spline-Line Energy Management(SLEM)guidance algorithm is proposed.It introduces lateral maneuvers to further consume the available velocity on the basis of longitudinal energy management.After expressing the constraints as several algebraic equations,the closed-loop guidance problem is converted to solving a system of nonlinear equations about the curve parameters in real time.The advantage is that the altitude constraint can be satisfied theoretically.The overload and control variable change rate and amplitude constraints are also considered during the flight by constructing the feasible boundary of velocity capability curve.To improve the robustness,it is further extended by estimating the actual uncertainties.The effectiveness and advantages of SLEM are demonstrated by simulations and comparisons with other energy management algorithms.Simulation results show that the proposed approach can satisfy multiple constraints with high precision under the condition of uncertainties.展开更多
高超音速飞行器运载任务需要满足多项约束条件,针对耗尽关机型固体运载火箭需要在主动段进行能量管理.基于控制推力和速度之间夹角来实现主动段能量管理的思路,综合交变姿态控制能量管理(AEM,Alternate Attitude Control Energy Managem...高超音速飞行器运载任务需要满足多项约束条件,针对耗尽关机型固体运载火箭需要在主动段进行能量管理.基于控制推力和速度之间夹角来实现主动段能量管理的思路,综合交变姿态控制能量管理(AEM,Alternate Attitude Control Energy Management)和一般能量管理(GEM,General Energy Management),提出了样条能量管理(SEM,Spline Energy Man-agement)制导方法,并针对分离前定轴飞行约束条件进行了修正.以三级运载火箭为例,通过AEM,GEM和SEM对比,验证了样条能量管理制导方法的可行性.展开更多
研究了重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)末端能量管理段(terminal area energy manage-ment,TAEM)三维制导轨迹推演算法。根据初始点和终点的位置、航向、动压,规划动压参考剖面和横侧向参考轨迹,采用基于高度的质点动力学...研究了重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)末端能量管理段(terminal area energy manage-ment,TAEM)三维制导轨迹推演算法。根据初始点和终点的位置、航向、动压,规划动压参考剖面和横侧向参考轨迹,采用基于高度的质点动力学方程推演生成符合过载、动压、终点位置和航向约束条件的三维制导轨迹。横侧向参考轨迹的设计可以分成两步:第一步,消除横向的位置误差,同时减小纵向的位置误差;第二步,消除纵向的位置误差。根据纵向位置误差大小,组合使用三种模态的轨迹予以消除,节省了计算量。仿真计算显示,三维制导轨迹推演算法具有快速、准确、对初始点位置和航向分布鲁棒性强的特点,为在线轨迹设计提供了基础算法。展开更多
针对传统的可重复使用运载器(Reusable Launch Vehicle,RLV)在末端能量管理段(Terminal Area Energy Management,TAEM)存在的轨迹自适应能力不足和制导精度不够的问题,提出了一种TAEM三维轨迹规划算法及横向制导策略。首先,设计了纵向...针对传统的可重复使用运载器(Reusable Launch Vehicle,RLV)在末端能量管理段(Terminal Area Energy Management,TAEM)存在的轨迹自适应能力不足和制导精度不够的问题,提出了一种TAEM三维轨迹规划算法及横向制导策略。首先,设计了纵向动压剖面和由3个参数决定的分段地面轨迹;其次,迭代基于内核提取协议(Kernel Extraction Protocol,KEP)的运动方程组,并设计了纵向位置校正算法,增强了对不同初始能量的自适应能力;最后,通过建立横向轨迹跟踪的数学模型,设计了航向校准和预着陆子阶段的开环和闭环横向制导律。仿真验证了轨迹规划和制导策略的有效性。展开更多
针对高超声速飞行器投放任务要求,开展了固体火箭助推段终端多约束能量管理制导研究。根据三级固体火箭第三级飞行特点,提出一种基于纵向、侧向联合设计制导方法。纵向在高度-时间剖面内生成名义轨迹,并完成跟踪制导律设计,实现终端高...针对高超声速飞行器投放任务要求,开展了固体火箭助推段终端多约束能量管理制导研究。根据三级固体火箭第三级飞行特点,提出一种基于纵向、侧向联合设计制导方法。纵向在高度-时间剖面内生成名义轨迹,并完成跟踪制导律设计,实现终端高度、当地弹道倾角和攻角约束。侧向采用两次反向的修正交变姿态控制能量管理(alternate attitude control energy management,AEM),并通过预测校正相关参数,提高速度控制精度,实现侧向位移收敛。仿真结果表明,本方法可实现不同终端约束制导任务需求,具有在线自适应能力。展开更多
文摘The iron and steel industry generally features the characteristics of large volume of energy consumption, multiple sorts of energy medium, complex secondary conversion, more recyclable extra energy, and the energy management of the field may involve the entire personnel, process and system, covering all links from designing, purchasing, energy storage, processing and conversion, distribution, energy use and extra energy recycling. The implementation guidelines summarizes the energy management experience and results and provide a systematic approach for the implementation of GB/T 23331-2012 and GB/T 29456-2012, sharing svstematic instructions and suggestions for the implementing paths and methods of creating, implementing, maintaining and improving the energy management system （EnMS） at the enterprise level.
基金supported by th National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61627810,61790562 and 61403096)。
文摘For the solid rocket with depletion shutdown system,effective energy management is significant to meet terminal constraints by exhausting excess energy.Several traditional energy management algorithms cannot satisfy the altitude constraint and path constraints are not sufficiently considered.The velocity adjustment capability of these algorithms is limited and the uncertainties are not considered.Based on the on-line programming of velocity capability curve,Spline-Line Energy Management(SLEM)guidance algorithm is proposed.It introduces lateral maneuvers to further consume the available velocity on the basis of longitudinal energy management.After expressing the constraints as several algebraic equations,the closed-loop guidance problem is converted to solving a system of nonlinear equations about the curve parameters in real time.The advantage is that the altitude constraint can be satisfied theoretically.The overload and control variable change rate and amplitude constraints are also considered during the flight by constructing the feasible boundary of velocity capability curve.To improve the robustness,it is further extended by estimating the actual uncertainties.The effectiveness and advantages of SLEM are demonstrated by simulations and comparisons with other energy management algorithms.Simulation results show that the proposed approach can satisfy multiple constraints with high precision under the condition of uncertainties.
文摘高超音速飞行器运载任务需要满足多项约束条件,针对耗尽关机型固体运载火箭需要在主动段进行能量管理.基于控制推力和速度之间夹角来实现主动段能量管理的思路,综合交变姿态控制能量管理(AEM,Alternate Attitude Control Energy Management)和一般能量管理(GEM,General Energy Management),提出了样条能量管理(SEM,Spline Energy Man-agement)制导方法,并针对分离前定轴飞行约束条件进行了修正.以三级运载火箭为例,通过AEM,GEM和SEM对比,验证了样条能量管理制导方法的可行性.
文摘研究了重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)末端能量管理段(terminal area energy manage-ment,TAEM)三维制导轨迹推演算法。根据初始点和终点的位置、航向、动压,规划动压参考剖面和横侧向参考轨迹,采用基于高度的质点动力学方程推演生成符合过载、动压、终点位置和航向约束条件的三维制导轨迹。横侧向参考轨迹的设计可以分成两步:第一步,消除横向的位置误差,同时减小纵向的位置误差;第二步,消除纵向的位置误差。根据纵向位置误差大小,组合使用三种模态的轨迹予以消除,节省了计算量。仿真计算显示,三维制导轨迹推演算法具有快速、准确、对初始点位置和航向分布鲁棒性强的特点,为在线轨迹设计提供了基础算法。
文摘针对传统的可重复使用运载器(Reusable Launch Vehicle,RLV)在末端能量管理段(Terminal Area Energy Management,TAEM)存在的轨迹自适应能力不足和制导精度不够的问题,提出了一种TAEM三维轨迹规划算法及横向制导策略。首先,设计了纵向动压剖面和由3个参数决定的分段地面轨迹;其次,迭代基于内核提取协议(Kernel Extraction Protocol,KEP)的运动方程组,并设计了纵向位置校正算法,增强了对不同初始能量的自适应能力;最后,通过建立横向轨迹跟踪的数学模型,设计了航向校准和预着陆子阶段的开环和闭环横向制导律。仿真验证了轨迹规划和制导策略的有效性。
文摘针对高超声速飞行器投放任务要求,开展了固体火箭助推段终端多约束能量管理制导研究。根据三级固体火箭第三级飞行特点,提出一种基于纵向、侧向联合设计制导方法。纵向在高度-时间剖面内生成名义轨迹,并完成跟踪制导律设计,实现终端高度、当地弹道倾角和攻角约束。侧向采用两次反向的修正交变姿态控制能量管理(alternate attitude control energy management,AEM),并通过预测校正相关参数,提高速度控制精度,实现侧向位移收敛。仿真结果表明,本方法可实现不同终端约束制导任务需求,具有在线自适应能力。
