Smartphones and other connected devices rely on data services,such as Web Services(WS),Google Cloud Messaging(GCM)and Firebase Cloud Messaging(FCM),to share the information they collect or use.Traditionally,these serv...Smartphones and other connected devices rely on data services,such as Web Services(WS),Google Cloud Messaging(GCM)and Firebase Cloud Messaging(FCM),to share the information they collect or use.Traditionally,these services were classified according to the average number of bytes transmitted or their delivery time.However,when dealing with battery-operated devices,another important parameter to be taken into account is their power consumption.Furthermore,software designers and developers often do not consider the efficiency of a data communication system,but are simply concerned about ease-of-use and response time.In this paper,we compare FCM,GCM and two types of WS,namely Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP)and REpresentational State Transfer(REST)WS in terms of delay,data efficiency,and power consumption.The final outcome is that RESTful WS outperforms all others,making GCM and FCM a viable alternative only when the amount of data to be transmitted is very limited,or when the mobile application requires the advanced services offered by FCM or GCM only.展开更多
The mobile botnet, developed from the traditional PC-based botnets, has become a practical underlying trend. In this paper, we design a mobile botnet, which exploits a novel command and control （CC） strategy named P...The mobile botnet, developed from the traditional PC-based botnets, has become a practical underlying trend. In this paper, we design a mobile botnet, which exploits a novel command and control （CC） strategy named Push-Styled CC. It utilizes Google cloud messaging （GCM） service as the botnet channel. Compared with traditional botnet, Push-Styled CC avoids direct communications between botmasters and bots, which makes mobile botnets more stealthy and resilient. Since mobile devices users are sensitive to battery power and traffic consumption, Push- Styled botnet also applies adaptive network connection strategy to reduce traffic consumption and cost. To prove the efficacy of our design, we implemented the prototype of Push-Style CC in Android. The experiment results show that botnet traffic can be concealed in legal GCM traffic with low traffic cost.展开更多
文摘Smartphones and other connected devices rely on data services,such as Web Services(WS),Google Cloud Messaging(GCM)and Firebase Cloud Messaging(FCM),to share the information they collect or use.Traditionally,these services were classified according to the average number of bytes transmitted or their delivery time.However,when dealing with battery-operated devices,another important parameter to be taken into account is their power consumption.Furthermore,software designers and developers often do not consider the efficiency of a data communication system,but are simply concerned about ease-of-use and response time.In this paper,we compare FCM,GCM and two types of WS,namely Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP)and REpresentational State Transfer(REST)WS in terms of delay,data efficiency,and power consumption.The final outcome is that RESTful WS outperforms all others,making GCM and FCM a viable alternative only when the amount of data to be transmitted is very limited,or when the mobile application requires the advanced services offered by FCM or GCM only.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61202353, 61272084, 61272422)Graduate Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province (CXLX13_464)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (12KJB520008)
文摘The mobile botnet, developed from the traditional PC-based botnets, has become a practical underlying trend. In this paper, we design a mobile botnet, which exploits a novel command and control （CC） strategy named Push-Styled CC. It utilizes Google cloud messaging （GCM） service as the botnet channel. Compared with traditional botnet, Push-Styled CC avoids direct communications between botmasters and bots, which makes mobile botnets more stealthy and resilient. Since mobile devices users are sensitive to battery power and traffic consumption, Push- Styled botnet also applies adaptive network connection strategy to reduce traffic consumption and cost. To prove the efficacy of our design, we implemented the prototype of Push-Style CC in Android. The experiment results show that botnet traffic can be concealed in legal GCM traffic with low traffic cost.
