Air-Ground Collaborative Mobile Edge Computing:Architecture,Challenges,and Opportunities

By pushing computation,cache,and network control to the edge,mobile edge computing(MEC)is expected to play a leading role in fifth generation(5G)and future sixth generation(6G).Nevertheless,facing ubiquitous fast-growing computational demands,it is impossible for a single MEC paradigm to effectively support high-quality intelligent services at end user equipments(UEs).To address this issue,we propose an air-ground collaborative MEC(AGCMEC)architecture in this article.The proposed AGCMEC integrates all potentially available MEC servers within air and ground in the envisioned 6G,by a variety of collaborative ways to provide computation services at their best for UEs.Firstly,we introduce the AGC-MEC architecture and elaborate three typical use cases.Then,we discuss four main challenges in the AGC-MEC as well as their potential solutions.Next,we conduct a case study of collaborative service placement for AGC-MEC to validate the effectiveness of the proposed collaborative service placement strategy.Finally,we highlight several potential research directions of the AGC-MEC.

Deep reinforcement learning based multi-level dynamic reconfiguration for urban distribution network:a cloud-edge collaboration architecture

With the construction of the power Internet of Things(IoT),communication between smart devices in urban distribution networks has been gradually moving towards high speed,high compatibility,and low latency,which provides reliable support for reconfiguration optimization in urban distribution networks.Thus,this study proposed a deep reinforcement learning based multi-level dynamic reconfiguration method for urban distribution networks in a cloud-edge collaboration architecture to obtain a real-time optimal multi-level dynamic reconfiguration solution.First,the multi-level dynamic reconfiguration method was discussed,which included feeder-,transformer-,and substation-levels.Subsequently,the multi-agent system was combined with the cloud-edge collaboration architecture to build a deep reinforcement learning model for multi-level dynamic reconfiguration in an urban distribution network.The cloud-edge collaboration architecture can effectively support the multi-agent system to conduct“centralized training and decentralized execution”operation modes and improve the learning efficiency of the model.Thereafter,for a multi-agent system,this study adopted a combination of offline and online learning to endow the model with the ability to realize automatic optimization and updation of the strategy.In the offline learning phase,a Q-learning-based multi-agent conservative Q-learning(MACQL)algorithm was proposed to stabilize the learning results and reduce the risk of the next online learning phase.In the online learning phase,a multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient(MADDPG)algorithm based on policy gradients was proposed to explore the action space and update the experience pool.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through a simulation analysis of a real-world 445-node system.

The ARQUIGRAFIA project: A Web Collaborative for Review Only Environment for Architecture and Urban Heritage Image

Purpose:This paper presents the ARQUIGRAFIA project,an open,public and nonprofit,continuous growth web collaborative environment dedicated to Brazilian architectural photographic images.Design/methodology/approach:The ARQUIGRAFIA project promotes the active and collaborative participation among its institutional users(GLAMs,NGOs,laboratories and research groups)and private users(students,professionals,professors,researchers),both can create an account and share their digitized iconographic collections in the same Web environment by uploading their files,indexing,georeferencing and assigning a Creative Commons license.Findings:The development of users interactions by means of semantic differentials impressions recording on visible plastic-spatial aspects of the architectures in synthetic infographics,as well as by the retrieval of images through an advanced system search based on those impressions parameters.By gamification means,the system often invites users to review images’in order to improve images’data accuracy.The pilot project named Open Air Museum that allows users to add audio descriptions to images in situ.An interface for users’digital curatorship will be soon available.Research limitations:The ARQUIGRAFIA’s multidisciplinary team gathering professorsresearchers,graduate and undergraduate students from the Architecture and Urbanism,Design,Information Science,Computer Science faculties of the University of S?o Paulo,demands continuous financial resources for grants,for contracting third party services,for the participation in scientific events in Brazil and abroad,and for equipment.Since 2016,significant budget cuts in the University of S?o Paulo own research funds and in Brazilian federal scientific agencies can compromise the continuity of this project.Practical implications:The open source template called+GRAFIA that can freely help other areas of knowledge to build their own visual Web collaborative environments.Originality/value:The collaborative nature of the ARQUIGRAFIA distinguishes it from institutional image databases on the internet,precisely because it involves a heterogeneous network of collaborators.

Collaborative Design of Parametric Sustainable Architecture

Sustainable architecture is complex. Many aspects, differently important to many stakeholders, are to be optimized. BIM should be used for this. Building Information Modellingis a collaborative process where all stakeholders integrate and optimize their information in a digital 3D model. Sometimes it is called Green BIM. But what exactly is that？ Is the International Standard Organization IFC standard useful for this？ And is it compatible with new developments in parametric design？ Advantages and disadvantages of BIM are listed. Full parametric design is needed because it keeps the design flexible and open for changes until the end of the design process. However it is not compatible with IFC; only object parametric design is. A possible way out of this paradox could be the use of scripts that only create objects if they are not already in the BIM database and otherwise only adapt their properties. An example of parametric sustainable architectural design explains the mentioned issues.

An extended HLA multilayer federation integration architecture for multidisciplinary collaborative simulation

The development of complex products is essentially concerned with multidisciplinary knowledge. Running on Internet, integration based on muhilayer federation architecture and dynamic reuse of simulation resources are the major difficulties for complex product collaborative design and simulation. Since the traditional Run-Time Infrastructure （RTI） is not good at supporting these new requirements, an extended high level architecture （HLA） multilayer federation integration architecture （MLFIA）, based on the resource management federation （RMF） and its supporting environment based Service-oriented architecture （SOA） and HLA （SOHLA） are proposed, The idea and realization of two key technologies, the dynamic creation of simulation federation based on RMF, TH RTI, an extensible HLA runtime infrastructure （RTI）, used at Internet are emphasized. Finally, an industry case about multiple unit （MU） is given.

Centralization and collaboration in 5G ultra-dense network architecture

An ultra-dense network scenario is a scene where a large number of people assemble in a limited area to generate centralized broadband data traffic requirements.Because ultra-dense networks generate enormous traffic pressure,traditional network capabilities are not enough to accommodate the user s needs.Based on the description of ultra-dense network architecture,we analyze millimeter wave radio spectrum,high gain beam forming,physical layer frame structure,resource concentration and edge computing technology.In addition,the cooperative technology required by overlay and interference symbiosis in the dense network architecture as well as the access control technology of centralized access is analyzed and discussed comprehensively.

Collaborative prediction for bus arrival time based on CPS

To improve the accuracy of real-time public transport information release system, a collaborative prediction model was proposed based on cyber-physical systems architecture. In the model, the total bus travel time was divided into three parts: running time, dwell time and intersection delay time, and the data were divided into three categories of historical data, static data and real-time data. The bus arrival time was obtained by fusion computing the real-time data in perception layer together with historical data and static data in collaborative layer. The validity of the collaborative model was verified by the data of a typical urban bus line in Shanghai, and 1538 sets of data were collected and analyzed from three different perspectives. By comparing the experimental results with the actual results, it is shown that the experimental results are with higher prediction accuracy, and the collaborative prediction model adopted is able to meet the demand for bus arrival prediction.

Multi-Agent System for Real Time Planning Using Collaborative Agents

Autonomous agents are an important area of research in the sense that they are proactive, and include: goal-directed and communication capabilities. Furthermore each goals of the agent are constantly changing in a dynamic environment. Part of the challenge is to automate the process corresponding to each agent in order that they find their own objectives. Agents do not have to work individually, but can work with others and develop a coordinated group of actions. These agents are highly appreciated, when real time problems are involved, meaning that an agent must be able to react within a specific time interval, considering external events. Our work focuses on the design of a multi-agent architecture consisting of autonomous agents capable of acting through a goal-directed with: a) constraints, b) real-time, and c) with incomplete knowledge of the environment. This paper shows a model of collaborative agents architecture that share a common knowledge source, allowing knowledge of the environment;where we analyze it and its changes, choosing the most promising way for achieving the goals of the agent, in order to keep the whole system working, even if a fault occurs.

A Triple Human-Digital Twin Architecture for Cyber-Physical Systems

With the development of information and communication technology and the advent of the Internet of Things(IoT)era,cyber-physical system(CPS)is becoming the trend of products or systems.The deep integration and real-time interaction between the physical world and the virtual world expand system functions.Although there are some CPS implementation guidelines,the virtual world is still relatively abstract compared to the concrete physical world that can be touched through the IoT.Besides that,human is a non-negligible CPS endogenous interactive intelligent component.In this paper,we propose a triple human-digital twin architecture,where the physical objects and the digital twins that are the projections of the physical entities establish the cornerstone of human functioning together.And the hierarchically distributed digital twins grow dynamically with the physical entities along the lifecycle.Furthermore,the interaction and collaboration among the physical objects,the digital twins,and the humans in their respective worlds(the expected world,the interpreted world,and the physical world)integrate the full value chain of the products in anticipation of seamless synergy.Finally,we present a power management digital companion platform for the lunar probe to demonstrate the efficacy of the architecture.

Human-Robot Collaborative Planning for Navigation Based on Optimal Control Theory

Navigation modules are capable of driving a robotic platform without direct human participation. However, for some specific contexts, it is preferable to give the control to a human driver. The human driver participation in the robotic control process when the navigation module is running raises the share control issue. This work presents a new approach for two agents collaborative planning using the optimal control theory and the three-layer architecture. In particular, the problem of a human and a navigation module collaborative planning for a trajectory following is analyzed. The collaborative plan executed by the platform is a weighted summation of each agent control signal. As a result, the proposed architecture could be set to work in autonomous mode, in human direct control mode or in any aggregation of these two operating modes. A collaborative obstacle avoidance maneuver is used to validate this approach. The proposed collaborative architecture could be used for smart wheelchairs, telerobotics and unmanned vehicle applications.

气象管理数据中心设计与实现

为满足气象部门政务数据高效管理和共享应用需求,推动气象政务数据融入国家政务大数据体系,中国气象局依托国家级气象专有云设计、建设了气象部门首个一级集中、四级应用的集约统一的政务数据中心,直接支撑气象政务和业务应用。本文介绍了该数据中心系统的核心架构设计、主要业务功能、关键信息流程、基于气象政务数据特征的数据分类和分层数据体系、关键实现技术、应用成效等。系统的实现采用了一系列的新兴信息技术,包括支持多源异构的数据汇聚、基于策略的数据清洗和整合治理、全局统一的数据服务和接口管理、基于ElasticSearch引擎的全文检索、基于消息驱动的管理应用协同、主备中心数据同步等。作为气象部门政务管理数字化转型升级的数字底座,系统建成后为国省市县四级气象部门提供了一站式的政务数据管理和共享应用服务,在有力支撑中国气象局行政办公、科学决策和履行公共职能中发挥了良好效益。

校企协同阶段式新工科创新创业人才培养模式研究

目前校企协同创新创业人才培养主要存在体系机制尚未健全、师资力量较为缺乏、主体积极性未充分激发、培养体系与就业需求不对等、人才培养评价机制不够科学等问题。为解决这些问题,本文通过构建创新创业项目驱动的“三阶段”校企协同培养模式、校企协同“理论+实践教学→专题研究→创新创业项目实施”课程体系、建立动态可扩展的创新创业项目库与多层次校企协同管理平台以及建设创新创业教育的柔性评价与多元化质量监控体系四维相结合,形成系统的、实践导向的创新创业人才培养模式,培养适应新时代需求的多元化、创新型工程技术人才。

航天网络信息体系云原生架构设计

云原生技术赋能航天网络信息体系基础设施建设,可提升航天信息系统的灵活适应性。以分布式云原生网络信息体系敏捷开发机制为主线,设计了航天网络信息体系云原生架构。首先,分析了云原生基础设施技术体系;然后,提出了由云边协同底座、云原生基础设施平台和云原生应用构成的航天网络信息体系总体架构方案;最后,对云边协同底座与云原生基础设施平台进行了设计,从而为我国航天网络信息体系架构设计及应用提供参考。

基于动态轨迹规划的自动驾驶车辆协同换道方法

传统的多车协同缺乏对目标队列和换道车辆信息的有效利用,为考虑动态信息变化对换道过程的影响,本文提出基于动态轨迹规划的自动驾驶车辆协同换道控制方法。首先,针对自动驾驶环境下单车进入车辆队列的研究场景,提出基于实时动态信息的协同换道控制框架,在考虑换道车辆与目标队列车辆的合作以及换道行为给目标队列带来影响的基础上,构建非换道期间和换道期间的纵向协同控制模型;之后,在换道车辆发出换道请求并满足换道触发条件后,考虑队列纵向协同目标,根据纵向速度变化动态规划每一时刻的期望轨迹,提出基于正弦曲线的动态换道轨迹规划方法,得到安全和可靠的轨迹曲线,并采用模型预测控制的轨迹跟踪控制算法,实现实时轨迹跟踪;最后,通过搭建Prescan-Simulink联合仿真平台,设计多组不同速度工况下的仿真实验,以及设置传统基于前车—跟随策略的控制算法与本文的控制策略进行对比,综合分析换道触发时间、队列稳定时间和速度波动幅度这3项指标,验证本文控制策略的有效性和可行性。仿真结果表明:本文所设计的协同换道控制策略和传统方法相比,队列的平均稳定时间缩短了34%,队列的速度波动幅度保持稳定,并在不同相对速度的工况下,均能够实现车辆安全和高效地换道。

基于OBE理念的课程协同混合教学模式探究——以贵州民族地域建筑课程为例

贵州民族地域建筑课程在分析课程现状特征与OBE教育理解契合度基础上,积极借鉴OBE教育理念,以学生为中心,以成果为导向,探索构建出多种学习方法、多种教学资源和多种教学环节相整合成链,闭合循环,不断持续生长与优化的协同混合动态教学模式。实践表明,对于提高学生的理论知识水平、分析解决问题综合能力以及专业素养有很大帮助,同时为全面提升课程教学质量奠定基础。

交通强国战略下交通院校建筑类研究生特色化培养机制研究

交通强国战略导向下,交通院校应适应国家经济社会建设发展需要,充分发挥学校的办学优势,进行建筑类研究生特色化培养,以满足我国交通建设的高素质国际化人才需求。对国内8所交通特色院校建筑类研究生的培养方案进行调研发现,理论课程及设计实习均较少涉及对交通建设问题的探索,国际教育受限于学制和学籍管理而系统性和特色性不强,研究及实践未结合交通建设的前沿问题而创新性不足。因此,结合研究生高质量培养和交通强国战略的要求,在对国内外相关研究进行深入剖析的基础上,提出交通院校建筑类研究生特色化培养机制:建立多学科交叉、理论联合实际的研究生课程体系;建立政产学研协同育人的研究生培养机制;坚持“引进来”和“走出去”并重的国际联合培养机制。这对我国交通院校建筑类研究生特色化培养具有重要意义。

基于IPA分析法的校企协同实践教学满意度研究——以园林设计与实务课程为例

以园林设计与实务课程为例,从教学的四个维度提取评价指标,采用IPA法,从满意度和重要性两个方面对课程的各个环节进行分析和讨论。研究结果如下:第一,课程的满意度介于“满意”和“比较满意”之间。第二,教学方法的满意度均值最高,企业工程师直接参与教学辅导是关键因素。第三,教学内容应注重岗位适应性和实用性,以选择真实的项目为前提,按照企业项目的运作要求设置岗位角色。第四,教学效果应以实践能力的提高为首要任务。第五,教学条件方面应尽量参照园林企业开展业务的标准。

发电系统数字化研究综述

随着信息革命的发展与演进,推动新一代数字技术与传统发电系统融合,推进发电系统的数字化建设是支撑能源转型与数字电网建设的重要途经。从发电系统的数字化业务需求出发,总结了全生命周期管理、智能运维和智能运行等多类型场景对于数据的业务需求,从网络结构和数字技术架构两方面阐述了发电系统数字化系统的体系架构,梳理了发电系统数字化过程中的关键技术与应用,最后探讨了发电系统数字化过程中亟待解决的问题。

同步提升施工云平台系统研究

随着同步提升技术逐渐应用于桥梁竖转等日益复杂的施工场景,传统的施工设计方法以及监控手段无法满足要求。为提高施工设备计算能力及施工过程的智能化水平,提出了一种同步提升施工云平台系统,采集施工过程数据并发送至远端,实现了施工现场的远程监控。为确定不同施工环境下液压控制器的控制参数,提出了一种控制优化算法并集成在同步提升施工云平台中。同时,为了查看施工现场液压构件的状态及工作参数,进行可视化监控大屏设计。最后,以齐鲁大道黄河桥拱肋提升项目为例,进行实际应用验证,验证了设计云平台系统的有效性和可行性。

面向耕地变化的无人机组网监测技术研究与实践

本文分析了耕地变化监测中无人机遥感相对于传统地面巡查、卫星遥感和地基视频监测的优点;针对无人机单机遥感能力有限、影像底图处理耗时长、影像信息自动化提取能力不足等问题,基于无人机组网协同航摄、影像底图并行处理、影像智能解译分类等技术,提出了面向耕地变化的无人机组网监测技术架构及其关键技术;以广西无人机联动服务平台和无人机影像AI解译系统建设及其在耕地变化监测中的应用为例,说明了无人机组网监测技术架构的建设成果。