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Co-adaptability solution to conflict events in construction projects by segmented hierarchical algorithm 被引量:3
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作者 HOU XueLiang1 & LU Mei2 1 Department of Construction Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2 College of Management, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第7期932-939,共8页
In order to seek the co-adaptability solution to conflict events in construction engineering projects, a new method referred to as segmented hierarchical algorithm is proposed in this paper by means of comparing co-ad... In order to seek the co-adaptability solution to conflict events in construction engineering projects, a new method referred to as segmented hierarchical algorithm is proposed in this paper by means of comparing co-adaptability evolution process of conflict events to the stackelberg model. By this new algorithm, local solutions to the first-order transformation of co-adaptability for conflict events can be obtained, based upon which, a global solution to the second-order transformation of co-adaptability for conflict events can also be decided by judging satisfaction degree of local solutions. The research results show that this algorithm can be used not only for obtaining co-adaptability solution to conflict events efficiently, but also for other general decision-making problems with multi-layers and multi-subsidi-aries in project management field. 展开更多
关键词 CONFLICT co-adaptability SEGMENTED HIERARCHICAL algorithm
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Behavioral thermoregulation is highly repeatable and unaffected by digestive status in Agama atra
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作者 Jenna Van BERKEL Susana CLUSELLA-TRULLAS 《Integrative Zoology》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第4期482-493,共12页
The precision and the extent of behavioral thermoregulation are likely to provide fitness benefits to ectotherms.Yet the factors driving variation in selected or preferred body temperature(T_(set))and its usefulness a... The precision and the extent of behavioral thermoregulation are likely to provide fitness benefits to ectotherms.Yet the factors driving variation in selected or preferred body temperature(T_(set))and its usefulness as a proxy for optimal physiological temperature(Topt)are still debated.Although T_(set)is often conserved among closely related species,substantial variation at the individual,population and species level has also been reported.However,the repeatability(calculated as the intra-class correlation coefficient)of T_(set)is generally low.One factor that influences T_(set)is feeding status,with fed reptiles typically showing higher T_(set),a process thought to aid meal digestion.Here,using experiments simulating realistic feeding and fasting regimes in Agama atra,a heliothermic lizard from southern Africa,we test if T_(set)and its repeatability under these 2 states significantly differ.Daily T_(set)ranged from 33.7 to 38.4℃,with a mean(±SE)of 36.7±0.1℃ for fed and 36.6±0.1℃ for unfed individuals.Comparisons of repeatability showed that females tend to be more consistent in the selection of body temperature than males,but not significantly so regardless of feeding status.We report some of the highest repeatability estimates of T_(set)to date(full range:0.229–0.642),and that the weak positive effects of feeding status on T_(set)did not increase its repeatability.In conclusion,one of the major prerequisites for natural selection,consistent among-individual variation,is present,making the adaptive significance of T_(set)considerably more plausible. 展开更多
关键词 climate change co-adaptation evolutionary potential inter-individual variation specific dynamic action thermal preference
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