Evolution Characteristics of Government-Industry-University-Research Cooperative Innovation Network for China＇s Agriculture and Influ- encing Factors： Illustrated According to Agricultural Patent Case

Under the special background of China, the cooperative innovation between different government-industry-university-research institutes plays an increasingly important role in the agricultural field. However, the existing literature has paid little attention to it. Considering the cooperation patents, published in the agriculture field stemming from the Full-text Database of China Patents as the study object, the spatial and institutional attribute of the authors as the data source, and by combining the social network and spatial econometrics analysis, this paper analyzes the structure evolution characteristics of cooperative innovation networks of agricultural government-industry-university-research institute in the city level of China in 1985–2014, based on the triple helix theory, with the influence factors discussed. This shows that, 1) since 1985, China's agricultural innovation level has been substantially increased, but the development degree of the cooperative innovation network is low, and the patent cooperation mainly relies on authors in the same unit; 2) enterprises play a leading role in the agricultural cooperative innovation. The effect of the government and hybrid organizations driven by the government is not obvious; 3) the cooperative innovation in the province and city dominates, and a multi-pole pattern has been formed. The cooperative innovation network structure evolves from a single helix empty core and double helix multi core to a double helix hierarchical network; 4) the city's science, education funding and personnel investment are key factors determining the agricultural cooperative innovation, while the agricultural development of the city presents slight negative impacts on it. The spatial mismatch of supply and demand is present in the technical cooperative innovation of China's agriculture. Therefore, the science enhancement and education investment to big agricultural provinces should be promptly implemented.

Evolution Characteristics of Government-Industry-University Cooperative Innovation Network of Electronic Information Industry in Liaoning Province, China

It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for the electronic information industry in Liaoning from 1985 to 2015. This paper analyzes the cooperative innovation network structure, its spatiotemporal evolution and the triple helix relationship of government-industry-university(GIU) by using the social network analysis method and the triple helix theory as well as UCINet, ArcGIS and NetDraw. The empirical results show that: 1) the number of the subjects of the electronic information industry GIU cooperative innovation network in Liaoning demonstrates a gradual increase from 1985 to 2015, with the same trend in concentration. In terms of its subject and its centrality, the universities have a higher position, and the industries have a lower position,while the status of the government is still unclear. 2) The cooperative innovation network presents a core-periphery structure, and the polarization effect of innovation subjects tends to be obvious. There is certain distance-decay regularity in the cooperative innovation network, and a strong geographical proximity to cooperative innovation. 3) The compactness shows a downward trend as a whole. In terms of the extent of participation, the industries are better than the government but worse than the universities. This means that the cooperative innovation network of GIU in the electronic information industry in Liaoning is in the initial stage of formation.

The Coordinated Development of University Autonomy and Government Intervention

University autonomy and government intervention are a pair of basic contradictions in the external relationship of higher education.Strategies of the Coordinated Development of University Autonomy and Government Intervention as follow:balance autonomy and intervention under the premise of public justice;establish a multi-centric co-governance with mutual restriction to realize good governance;modernize the governance capacity of universities with the rule of law as the core;build trust mechanism based on social choice by combining self-discipline with heteronomy.Only in this way,can we coordinate the development of university autonomy and government intervention.

A Survey of Learning Motivation among Junior and Senior English Majors in Non-governmental Universities——A Case Study in Ningbo Dahongying University

Motivation is an important factor to English learning,it plays an important role.In this thesis,the instrument used in the study is a questionnaire,and this thesis was conducted on December 5th,2016 at Ningbo Dahongying University involving 182 students.Based on the questionnaire investigation,this thesis discusses the learning motivation of English major juniors and seniors in Ningbo Dahongying University from the motivation types,factors and strategies.

Universal Health Coverage in Somalia: Charting the Path to Equitable Healthcare Financing and Governance

Somalia is a country facing numerous challenges in achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and ensuring adequate healthcare financing, This article explores the complexities and obstacles that Somalia must overcome in its pursuit of UHC, the paper begins by providing an overview of the current healthcare landscape in Somalia, highlighting the lack of infrastructure, political instability, and limited financial resources that hinder the establishment of a comprehensive and equitable healthcare system. It then examines the role of international aid and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in filling the healthcare gap, while emphasizing the need for a more sustainable, domestically financed solution. Drawing on a range of data sources and case studies, the article proposes a multi-faceted approach to strengthen healthcare governance, improve resource allocation, and foster local capacity building, the study delves into the unique obstacles that Somalia faces, including a lack of infrastructure, political instability, and limited financial resources, which hinder the establishment of a comprehensive and equitable healthcare system. The paper also examines the role of international aid and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in filling the healthcare gap, while highlighting the need for a more sustainable, domestically financed solution. The findings underscore the importance of political commitment, international cooperation, and innovative financing mechanisms in advancing towards UHC in Somalia, providing valuable insights for other low resource, conflict affected settings.

Strategic Research on Implementation Mechanism of Student Participation in University Decision-Making Under Governance

Student participation in university decision-making, a part of university governance, is still defective in the construction of its implementation mechanism. In terms of the problems of unclear subject, unclear scale, unordered participation and the single participation method in student participation in decision-making implementation process, this paper designs the relevant model and brings up the countermeasure, thus providing student participation of decision-making implementation mechanism construction with effective theoretical basis.

Revisiting the Spirit of the UDHR and Discussing Human Rights Development——Summary of Views from the Seminar Commemorating the 75th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

On December 4,2023,the China Society for Human Rights Studies hosted a seminar in Beijing commemorating the 75^(th) Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.Participants discussed topics such as the significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,China’s theories and practices in respecting and safeguarding human rights,the three global initiatives and global human rights governance,human rights protection in the digital age,and telling Chinese stories of human rights in the new era.The discussions led to a broad consensus and achieved positive results.

Research on the “New University” Management System from the Perspective of Finance

Since the release of the“Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan(2010-2020),”“new universities”have garnered widespread attention.The system and mechanism of these“new universities”are different from those of traditional universities.They have their own ways of running schools,management systems,and personnel training methods,all of which bring a different kind of pressure to government management.Looking from a financial perspective,this is also the key research subject of finance and financial personnel.We put forward implementation suggestions for the construction of the“new university”management system based on the experience summed up in the work and contribute to the country’s higher education.

人工智能赋能大学治理:多重效应与治理效能转化

当人工智能与大学治理相遇后,数字化不仅成为提升大学治理能力和治理水平现代化的客观要求,还成为推进大学治理创新和制度变迁的重要途径。根据大学制度的层级结构、治理结构的复杂性程度以及治理事项的数字化程度,建构制度嵌入下人工智能技术赋能大学治理的解释模型,并借此模型着重分析人工智能技术对大学治理影响的多重效应及其治理效能转化机制/过程。研究发现,在制度嵌入和人工智能技术的共同影响下,现代大学治理随着大学制度外显性的不断加强而愈显复杂,在此渐进过程中,人工智能技术的影响力和渗透力也就愈加微弱,由此产生了人工智能技术对大学治理影响的多重效应及其治理效能的不同转化和提升机制:大学治理结构的复杂性程度越低,大学制度的层级结构越低,治理领域可数字化的程度就越高,人工智能技术对大学治理的积极效应越显著,大学具体制度得以更迭的可能性越大,也就愈容易借助“技术—制度”协同机制将中国特色现代大学的制度优势转化为治理效能;大学治理结构的复杂化程度越高,大学制度的层级结构越高,治理领域可数字化的程度越低,人工智能技术对大学治理的抑制效应越明显,其所依靠的(部分)基本制度和基础制度被替代/更迭的速度越慢,而被同化的可能性越大,也就越容易走上模仿西方大学制度建设的路径依赖。为此,一方面,要注重人工智能技术对大学治理的积极效应,充分发挥人工智能技术对于大学常规性治理、(部分)决策性治理的积极作用,通过大学具体制度和基本制度的不断健全和完善,推动现代大学制度的标准化建设和精细化发展;另一方面,要警惕人工智能技术对大学治理带来的潜在危险,充分考虑现代大学的组织特性,避免过度技术化而导致大学治理中技术应用的无限拓展和无序泛化。

电化教育实践建立“政产学研用”协同发展机制

从电化教育专业创建发展的实践中,回顾电化教育发展的历程,用系统科学协同论观点,建立“政产学研用”协同发展机制,即政——事物的管理系统;产——事物的产业系统;学——事物的学科教学系统;研——事物的科研系统;用——事物的事业系统。该机制可以促进教育技术学科发展,同时对中国式现代化建设与发展有重大作用。

中国冰雪产业创新生态系统的建构及运行机制研究

如何将“冰雪热”更好地融入经济高质量发展的现代化建设,突破产业创新难关成为关键。借助产业创新生态系统理论、共生理论等视角,探析中国冰雪产业创新生态系统建构的逻辑、模型和运行机制。首先,系统的建构根植于产业联合互融、资源协同整合、系统有机演化3个底层逻辑。其次,政府、冰雪企业、高校/科研机构、中介组织、消费者等创新种群相互作用,结成“政产学研用”一体化的创新群落,并与创新环境共生共演,共同构成系统的整体架构。最后,系统的高效运行离不开稳定均衡的生态机制,包括通过供需循环机制激发可持续价值,基于竞合共生机制建立稳定的结构基础,利用创新驱动机制实现整体跃迁升级,借助激励约束机制建立制度保障,4种机制协同发力,推动系统内生性成长。

数字技术赋能大学治理:价值、技术与制度的逻辑

借助数字技术的赋能,实现大学治理体系的数字化转型既是顺应数字时代的应有之义,也是推进高等教育内涵式发展的必然选择。数字技术赋能的大学治理,在理论层面,需在合理选择价值取向的基础上,充分利用技术赋能实现治理目标。在实践层面,也要理解其技术机理,从制度层面规避、防范与应对数字风险,形成治理与技术双向构建的可循环模式。因此,可以从价值、技术与制度三个层面探析数字技术赋能大学治理的逻辑理路。其中,价值逻辑为工具理性与价值理性的相互耦合,技术逻辑为数字技术对大学治理体系多维重构,制度逻辑为对技术与风险的动态响应。基于逻辑理路发现:当前实践过程中还存在工具理性僭越、数字技术异化与制度机制落后等实然困境,需要从深化相关理论,培养数字领导力与推进制度创新三个方面上探析数字技术赋能大学治理的优化路径。

高校循证治理的价值意涵、现实困境与突破路径

高校循证治理是指在大数据时代,治理主体以证据为核心,将主观经验、研究证据及利益相关者的价值相融合,科学、精准、协同、高效地治理高等学校的过程。推进高校循证治理是高校治理体现民主与科学精神的必然要求,是大数据时代高校治理现代化的现实需要,是搭建高等教育理论与实践之间桥梁的必然选择。当前,我国高校循证治理面临着如下三种现实困境:一是治理主体循证素养不足;二是证据开发力度不够;三是循证治理机制不畅。推进高校循证治理需要从以下三个方面进行突破:一是重视循证人才培养,提升治理主体的循证素养;二是重视循证证据,建立高校循证数据库;三是重视高校循证决策机制的建立和完善。

高校师范类专业认证行为偏差的现实表征、成因及治理

高校作为师范类专业认证的重要行动者,其认证行为的质量直接关涉认证目标的实现与认证价值的发挥。研究发现:高校在推进师范类专业认证工作的过程中存在诸多行为偏差,包括认证前的行为意向偏差、认证中的改革行为偏差以及认证后的持续改进行为偏差。究其原因在于,认证客体的认证素养储备不足、认证主客体组织架构固化、认证政策体系不完善及认证保障性措施欠缺。为矫正高校师范类专业认证行为偏差,需要从提升认证客体的认证素养,打破认证主客体固化的组织架构,完善认证政策体系及优化认证保障条件等方面作出努力。

大学情感治理:出场逻辑、价值表征与实现路径

当前,我国大学的内部治理多偏重于工具理性的治理,却相对忽视了情感的维度。近年来,在社会学研究领域情感转向的影响下,学者们开始对工具理性主导下的技术治理进行深刻反思,并基于中国社会文化的情理特质,提出了情感治理的概念和理论。对大学组织而言,情感治理意味着情感维度在大学内部治理中的回归,其价值在于柔化大学内部刚性的权力结构,重构多元主体间的人际关系,推动大学情感共同体的构建,彰显大学场域的人情温度。在大学内部治理实践中可通过建立情感秩序、加强情感互动、注重情感动员、运用人情规则等多重路径来推进与优化大学情感治理的实施。

高校学术权力的异化表征与归正路径

学术权力既是高校办学自主权的重要内容,也是大学组织的基础权力。然而,当前我国高校学术权力的异化现象较为严重,这种异化的负向力量会降低公众对于学术权力的心理预期,进而影响高校治学管理和学术研究顺利运行。高校学术权力异化主要表现在高校学术权力主体异化、高校学术权力活动异化、高校学术权力配置异化及高校学术权力监督异化等方面,高校学术主体道德失范、政府过多干预高校学术管理、高校学术权力行政化色彩和高校学术权力法律地位缺乏独立是造成高校学术权力异化的主要归因。回归高校学术权力的本真要义,应进一步规范高校学术权力主体行为、明确高校学术权力运行规则、协调高校“学术”与“行政”权力关系及健全高校学术权力监督机制。

民办高校如何加强党的领导和建设——兼谈民办高校治理和大学文化建设

党的领导和党的建设是民办高校优化提升内部治理体系和治理能力的最核心、最关键的问题。不同于公办高校实行党委领导下的校长负责制,民办高校实行的是董事会依据大学章程进行办学和管理、坚持党的领导和依法治校有机统一的制度。民办高校党委要行使两大职能:一是发挥政治核心作用,包括加强和改进思想政治教育及立德树人的工作;二是要执行政府对民办高校的督导功能,督促学校依法办学,规范管理,切实维护民办高校的和谐稳定。同时,民办高校在发展过程中,尤其要注重完善内部治理模式,加强大学文化和大学精神建设,找准定位、依法办学、特色强校、文化聚人,走个性化、特色化办学之路,从而为中国教育事业的发展作出杰出贡献。

激励机制与高校治理的适配性及其增强策略

建设高等教育强国迫切需要加快推进高校治理现代化,教学激励、科研激励、薪酬激励、晋升激励等内部激励机制的设计成为完善高校治理机制、提升高校治理能力的关键。针对激励机制与高校治理缺乏适配性的现实问题,在理论内涵分析和适配角度探索的基础上,提出注重过程型激励及多维度激励、善用文化治理力量、调动治理主体积极性等增强两者适配性的策略,为形成高校的共治、善治、长治格局奠定基础。

高校社科联公共服务能力提升研究

高校社科联作为哲学社会科学研究的重要力量,是人才、科研和教育的集中交汇点。为响应时代号召,回应国家重大发展战略需要,提供高质量公共服务,在我国意识形态安全与中国特色哲学社会科学体系构建中展现更大作为,分析高校社科联公共服务能力学理依据、价值指向,针对其核心议题,提出我国高校社科联公共服务能力提升的对策及建议,以推动高校社科联发展规划、内部治理以及外部保障等环节的有机贯通。