Modeling Technology in Finite Element Analysis of Electrostatic Proximity Fuze Problem

In order to analyze the electrostatic field concerned with electrostatic proximity fuze problem using the available finite analysis software package, the technology to model the problem with a scale reduction object and boundary was presented. The boundary is determined by the maximum distance the sensor can detect. The object model is obtained by multiplying the terms in Poisson's equation with a scale reduction factor and the real value can be reconstructed with the same reverse process after software calculation. Using the finite element analysis program, the simulation value is close to the theoretical value with a little error. The boundary determination and scale reduction method is suitable to modeling the irregular electrostatic field around air targets, such as airplane, missile and so on, which is based on commonly used personal computer (PC). The technology reduces the calculation and storage cost greatly.

Study Progress Analysis of Effluent Quality Prediction in Activated Sludge Process Based on CiteSpace

In this paper, CiteSpace, a bibliometrics software, was adopted to collect research papers published on the Web of Science, which are relevant to biological model and effluent quality prediction in activated sludge process in the wastewater treatment. By the way of trend map, keyword knowledge map, and co-cited knowledge map, specific visualization analysis and identification of the authors, institutions and regions were concluded. Furthermore, the topics and hotspots of water quality prediction in activated sludge process through the literature-co-citation-based cluster analysis and literature citation burst analysis were also determined, which not only reflected the historical evolution progress to a certain extent, but also provided the direction and insight of the knowledge structure of water quality prediction and activated sludge process for future research.

Finite Element Analysis of Coronal Shear Fractures of the Femoral Neck: Displacement of the Femoral Head and Effect of Osteosynthetic Implants

Coronal shear fractures of the femoral neck (CSFF) are the most challenging to treat among proximal femur fractures, directly affecting the life expectancy of patients with osteoporosis. However, an adequate osteosynthesis method has not been elucidated yet. This study investigated the displacement direction of the femoral head fragment and its effect on the bone using finite element method. A finite element model for CSFF was developed from CT image data of a patient with osteoporosis using Mechanical Finder (ver. 11). Subsequently, finite element analyses were performed on six osteosynthesis models under maximum load applied during walking. The compressive stresses, tensile stresses, and compressive strains of each model were examined. The results suggested that the compressive and tensile stress distributions were concentrated on the anterior side of the femoral neck. Compressive strain distribution in the femoral head and neck was concentrated in four areas: at the tip of the blade or lag screw, the anteroinferior side of the blade or lag screw near the fracture site, and the upper right and lower left near the junction of the blade or lag screw and nail. Thus, the distribution of both these stresses revealed that the femoral head fragment was prone to anterior and inferior displacement. Distribution of compressive strains revealed the direction of the stress exerted by the osteosynthetic implant on the bone. The same results were observed in all osteosynthetic implants;thus, the findings could lay the foundation for developing methods for placing osteosynthetic implants less prone to displacement and the osteosynthetic implants themselves. In particular, the study provides insight into the optimal treatment of CSFF.

Evolution of the Socio-cognitive Structure of Knowledge Management(1986–2015): An Author Co-citation Analysis

Purpose: The evolution of the socio-cognitive structure of the field of knowledge management(KM) during the period 1986–2015 is described. Design/methodology/approach: Records retrieved from Web of Science were submitted to author co-citation analysis(ACA) following a longitudinal perspective as of the following time slices: 1986–1996, 1997–2006, and 2007–2015. The top 10% of most cited first authors by sub-periods were mapped in bibliometric networks in order to interpret the communities formed and their relationships.Findings: KM is a homogeneous field as indicated by networks results. Nine classical authors are identified since they are highly co-cited in each sub-period, highlighting Ikujiro Nonaka as the most influential authors in the field. The most significant communities in KM are devoted to strategic management, KM foundations, organisational learning and behaviour, and organisational theories. Major trends in the evolution of the intellectual structure of KM evidence a technological influence in 1986–1996, a strategic influence in 1997–2006, and finally a sociological influence in 2007–2015.Research limitations: Describing a field from a single database can offer biases in terms of output coverage. Likewise, the conference proceedings and books were not used and the analysis was only based on first authors. However, the results obtained can be very useful to understand the evolution of KM research.Practical implications: These results might be useful for managers and academicians to understand the evolution of KM field and to(re)define research activities and organisational projects.Originality/value: The novelty of this paper lies in considering ACA as a bibliometric technique to study KM research. In addition, our investigation has a wider time coverage than earlier articles.

Relationship between proximate analysis parameters and combustion behaviour of high ash Indian coal

This work presents the analysis of combustion characteristics of high ash Indian coal(28%-40%)collected from different mines of Singaurali coalfield,India.All the coal samples were characterized by proximate and gross calorific value analysis.Combustion performance of the coals were characterised using thermo-gravimetric analysis to identify the burning profile of individual coals.Various combustion kinetic parameters such as ignition temperature,peak temperature and burnout temperature,ignition index and burnout index,combustion performance index plus rate and intensity index of combustion process,activation energy were determined to analyse the combustion behaviour of coal.Further all these combustion properties were compared with the volatile matter,ash,fixed carbon and fuel ratio of each coal.Theoretical analysis shows that with increase in ash content,combustion performance initially increases and later descends.Further,coal with(25±1.75)%volatile matter,20%-35%ash and fuel ratio 1.4-1.5 were found to be optimum for coal combustion.

Fast Tensor Principal Component Analysis via Proximal Alternating Direction Method with Vectorized Technique

This paper studies the problem of tensor principal component analysis (PCA). Usually the tensor PCA is viewed as a low-rank matrix completion problem via matrix factorization technique, and nuclear norm is used as a convex approximation of the rank operator under mild condition. However, most nuclear norm minimization approaches are based on SVD operations. Given a matrix , the time complexity of SVD operation is O(mn2), which brings prohibitive computational complexity in large-scale problems. In this paper, an efficient and scalable algorithm for tensor principal component analysis is proposed which is called Linearized Alternating Direction Method with Vectorized technique for Tensor Principal Component Analysis (LADMVTPCA). Different from traditional matrix factorization methods, LADMVTPCA utilizes the vectorized technique to formulate the tensor as an outer product of vectors, which greatly improves the computational efficacy compared to matrix factorization method. In the experiment part, synthetic tensor data with different orders are used to empirically evaluate the proposed algorithm LADMVTPCA. Results have shown that LADMVTPCA outperforms matrix factorization based method.

A note on a family of proximal gradient methods for quasi-static incremental problems in elastoplastic analysis

Accelerated proximal gradient methods have recently been developed for solving quasi-static incremental problems of elastoplastic analysis with some different yield criteria.It has been demonstrated through numerical experiments that these methods can outperform conventional optimization-based approaches in computational plasticity.However,in literature these algorithms are described individually for specific yield criteria,and hence there exists no guide for application of the algorithms to other yield criteria.This short paper presents a general form of algorithm design,independent of specific forms of yield criteria,that unifies the existing proximal gradient methods.Clear interpretation is also given to each step of the presented general algorithm so that each update rule is linked to the underlying physical laws in terms of mechanical quantities.

APPLICATION OF THERMAL ANALYSIS TO THE QUICK DETERMINATION OF THE PROXIMATE ANALYSIS ITEMS AND CALORIC VALUE FOR COAL

A research on the application of a TG-DTA(thermal gravimetry aifferential thermal analysis)to the quick determination of moisture,organic volatile fixed carbon,ash and caloric value for coal is described.

Proximate Analysis of Alternatives Cooking Solides Fuels in Sub Saharan by Using Astm Standards

A number of persistent problems have been associated with the supply of traditional domestic fuels in developing countries and particularly in rural areas, including deforestation, scarcity of fuel wood and the high cost of fossil fuels. The use of biomass fuels derived from agricultural waste biomass, generally available in large quantities, has been advocated. This article, therefore, presents some bio-fuels in use or in acceptability test phase in some countries of West Africa and particularly in Senegal but also their characteristics, compared to those of wood or wood charcoal. Samples were prepared and analyzed for moisture content, ash content, volatiles mater, fixed carbon and calorific value. The results indicate that charcoal and bio-charcoal (not mixed with clay) have the best calorific value, while pellets and typha briquettes have the best results in volatile matter and fixed carbon. The results of moisture are generally satisfactory against the use of clay as a binder detrimental to fuel performance. These results suggest that pellets and bio-fuels are used as an energy source for domestic purposes;that the binder is changed in others;pelletizing and briquetting transformations are expanded in other residues such as rice husks, peanut shells.

仅根据Proximity数据构建向量空间模型的方法

在实际应用中，许多研究对象都是抽象的，难以用某种特征向量的形式表示，这使得许多成熟的数据挖掘和机器学习方法难以被采用。不过，通常可将其转化成一个Proximity数据矩阵，使得矩阵中的元素表示两个对象间某种“比较”关系。针对该问题，本文提出仅根据Proximity数据矩阵利用多维尺度分析法（MDS）将研究对象进行向量化表示，即构建了一种向量空间模型。最后，对汉语科技词系统中的词语进行了聚类分析，结果表明，向量空间模型构建后再聚类的结果明显优于直接针对Proximity数据进行聚类分析的结果，从而验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。

An Analysis on the Mechanism Governing the Effect of Bomb Length upon the Sensitivity of Detection of a Capacitance Fuze

For a detector in a capacitanee fuze working in an electrostatic field, the bomblength (effective length of the conductor part) is an important factor affecting the sensitivityof detection. For the two different kinds of detecting circuit models in general use (the frequency-sensitive and the amplitude-coupling ), mechanism of the effect of bomblength on the sensitvity of detection is analyzed. Through the analysis a conclusion in fullagreement with experimental results has been drawn, that is. the longer the bomb length,the higher the sensitivity, on the condition that the sizes and the sites of the detecting electrodes and bomb diameter remain unchanged.

Characteristics and influencing factors of proximity distance index on the northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau in China

Topographic feature points and lines are the framework of topography,and their spatial distance relationship is an breakthrough in the study of topographical geometry,internal structure and development level.Proximity distance(PD)is an indicator to describe the distance between the gully source point(GSP)and the watershed boundary.In the upstream catchment area,PDs can be expressed by the streamline proximity distance(SPD),as well as by the horizontal proximity distance(HPD)and the vertical proximity distance(VPD)in the horizontal and vertical dimensions,respectively.The series of indicators(e.g.,SPD,HPD and VPD)are important for quantifying the geomorphological development process of a loess basin because of the headward erosion of loess gullies.In this study,the digital elevation model data with 5 m resolution and a digital topographic analysis method are used for the statistical analyses of the SPD,VPD and HPD in 50 sample areas of 6 geomorphic types in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi.The spatial characteristics and the influencing factors are also analysed.Results show that:1)Central tendencies for the HPDs and the VPDs for the whole study area and the six typical loess landforms are evident.2)Spatial patterns of the HPDs and the VPDs exhibit evident trends and zonal distributions over the whole study area.3)The HPDs have a strong positive correlation with gully density(GD)and hypsometric integral.The VPDs also correlates with GD to an extent.Vegetation cover,mean annual precipitation and loess thickness have stronger effects on the VPD than on the HPD.

Development of a Laboratory Cement Quality Analysis Apparatus Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Determination of the chemical composition of cement and ratio values of clinker plays an important role in cement plants as part of the optimal process control and product quality evaluation. In the present paper, a laboratory laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） apparatus mainly comprising a sealed optical module and an analysis chamber has been designed for possible application in cement plants for on-site quality analysis of cement. Emphasis is placed on the structure and operation of the LIBS apparatus, the sealed optical path, the temperature controlled spectrometer, the sample holder, the proper calibration model established for minimizing the matrix effects, and a correction method proposed for overcoming the ＇drift＇ obstacle. Good agreement has been found between the laboratory measurement results from the LIBS method and those from the traditional method. The absolute measurement errors presented here for oxides analysis are within 0.5%, while those of ratio values are in the range of 0.02 to 0.05. According to the obtained results, this laboratory LIBS apparatus is capable of performing reliable and accurate, composition and proximate analysis of cement and is suitable for application in cement plants.

EVOLUTION FILTRATION PROBLEMS WITH SEAWATER INTRUSION: TWO-PHASE FLOW DUAL MIXED VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS

Tow-phase flow mixed variational formulations of evolution filtration problems with seawater intrusion are analyzed. A dual mixed fractional flow velocity-pressure model is considered with an air-fresh water and a fresh water-seawater characterization. For analysis and computational purposes, spatial decompositions based on nonoverlapping multidomains, above and below the sea level, are variationally introduced with internal boundary fluxes dualized as weak transmission constraints. Further, parallel augmented and exactly penalized duality algorithms, and proximation semi-implicit time marching schemes, are established and analyzed.

A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of Trump and Biden Administrations’China Policies

The theory of proximization is an effective discourse strategy to study the speaker’s ability to achieve his own legitimacy or reinforce the other’s illegitimacy,and its superiority can be maximized by means of quantitative and comparative analysis.In this study,we collected reports on Trump’s and Biden’s policies on China to build two small corpora,with a total of 11,030 words in the Trump corpus and 17,566 words in the Biden corpus.The critical discourse analysis is combined with proximization theory.With the help of BFSU Qualitative Coder 1.2,Antconc 3.5.7,and Log-Likelihood and Chi-Square Calculator 1.0,a critical cognitive score of the relevant discourse was conducted from the perspective of proximization theory.It has been found that:(1)Both Trump and Biden administrations resort to a large number of spatial proximization strategies to build ODCs converging to IDCs with China as the ODC,posing a threat to internal physical IDCs;(2)in the use of temporal proximization strategy,both administrations use primarily modal verbs and various entities to construct ODCs that extend indefinitely into the present and future,emphasizing the urgency and the threat of the effect and reinforcing the legitimacy of their actions;(3)in terms of axiological proximization strategy,the two administrations differ greatly from each other,indicating that there are still discursive biases.

Chemical Analysis of <i>Carica papaya</i>L. Crude Latex

Crude latex of Carica papaya L. has been known to offer a lot of benefits and potentials especially in the agricultural industry and human health. This study focuses on the latex coming from its fruits of Papaya CX variety. Seven to eight longitudinal incisions were made in order to allow latex to appear and drain in the collecting devices. 439.5 g dried latex was stored in plastic containers and freezed. Results showed that dried latex contained higher amount of crude protein (57.24 ± 0.69%), followed by moisture (17.76 ± 0.09%), ash (7.00 ± 0.01%), crude fat (5.21 ± 0.13%) and crude fiber (0.67 ± 0.09%) based on the complete proximate analysis. In the enzyme analysis, papain had protease activity of 2655 units·g-1 at pH 5.5 and 285 units·g-1 at pH 9.0. These results provided evidence that papain as a protease enzyme is found in the crude latex of papaya which is a major constituent in various proteolytic activities. Crude latex from C. papaya L. can be utilized to address the issues in agricultural farms to accelerate production and reduce environmental hazards.

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition in Different Tissues of the Wild Spot-fin Porcupine Fish(Diodon hystrix)

Nutrient compositions including proximate, fatty acids, amino acids, minerals and vitamins in tissues of the wild spot-fin porcupinefish(Diodon hystrix) were analyzed in detail to assess their nutrient value and to further explore the dietary requirements of this species farmed. Diodon hystrix individuals with similar body weight(284.6-358.5 g) and body length(15.9-21.8 cm) were collected from the South China Sea from Aug., 2015 to Aug., 2016. In general, skin and muscle possessed negligible fat contents(0.3-0.4 g/100 g wet weight) and low energy value(317.4-497.3 k J/100 g), while proteins(17.8-25.4 g/100 g wet weight) were found to be the richest component. The dominant amino acids in both muscle and skin of D. hystrix included histidine, cysteine, tyrosine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine, while the major mineral elements were calcium, magnesium, potassium,sodium, and phosphorus. It was apparent that D. hystrix had high content of amino acids, and the rate of essentia amino acids was accorded with FAO/WHO standard. This study illustrated that the wild D. hystrix would be a valuable natural source of protein, with high commercial potential, and especially, skin and muscle were more valuable. Moreover, the basic data from the present study would supply the fundamental reference for formulated diet and culture of this species.

Phytochemical Analysis,Estimation of Quercetin,and in Vitro Anti-Diabetic Potential of Stevia Leaves Samples Procured from Two Geographical Origins

The current study used RP-HPLC to compare phytochemicals and estimate the bioactive constituents found in Stevia rebaudiana Bert.(SRB)leaves collected from two different geographical sources.SRB leaves were collected from Bangalore,Karnataka,India,and Reduit,Mauritius.Extracts were prepared using ethanol and aqueous solvents.Proximate analysis was used to evaluate moisture content,ash values,crude fibers,and extractive values.Following that,preliminary phytochemical screening was done on both ethanol leaves extracts,and subsequently total flavonoid content was determined.In addition,TLC chromatograms and RP-HPLC studies were performed on both plant extracts to determine the presence of flavonoid components in both leaves extracts,followed by in vitro anti-diabetic activity was performed with alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes against Acarbose as standard.Results revealed that both the extracts from two different geographical sources varied significantly with the yield,content of chemicals,and presence of quercetin(flavonoid)content when estimated through the RP-HPLC standardized method.Glycosides,flavonoids,proteins,steroids,saponins,terpenoids,and phenols were found in various concentrations during phytochemical screening.Among both zones,the ethanol leaves extract of SRB taken from Mauritius had a greater content of phytochemicals and a higher yield than other extracts due to the soil nature.The Mauritius sample had greater total flavonoid levels as well as more quercetin(0.92±0.011)than the other extracts.Following that,ethanol extract inhibited enzymes(alpha amylase,alpha glucosidases)more than aqueous extract,and this inhibition was dose dependent.Among them,the Mauritius ethanol sample showed higher anti-diabetic efficacy than the Indian sample,but this difference was not significant.Overall,SRB ethanol leaves extracts outperformed other leaves extracts in terms of yield,phytoconstituents,and total flavonoids.Overall,both SRB samples had high quercetin levels and possessed anti-diabetic potential,but they were greater in the Mauritius sample,demonstrating that plant traits are influenced by geographic location.

Nutritional Analysis of Fast Food in Streets of Patna Town, Bihar

Mushroom growth of street fast food is a boon for changing lifestyle of urban people. However, its nutritional aspect is also a matter of concern. The objective of the present study was hence to assess the nutrient components of fast food sold in streets of Patna town. A total of 30 fast food samples from streets were collected from different locations of Patna town in aseptic containers and immediately transferred to the laboratory for proximate analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the collected data. In terms of nutrient contribution, the highest energy content was found in Hot potato chips （536 ~ 85.2 kcal /I00 g） followed by Chicken chawmin （527 ~ 253.08 kcal/plat）, Chilli chicken （464 ~ 91.8 kcal/plat） and Pav bhaji （425 -4- 164 kcal/plat）. Highest level of protein was detected in Chilli chicken at 27.3 ~ 5.01 g per serving. Protein of Chilli chicken supplied approximately 29% of the total energy content per serving. Maximum amount of fat was also found in Chilli ckicken （35.5 ~ 31.89 g/plat）. Total fat contribution of Chilli ckicken to the total energy per serving found to be approximately 67%. Highest level of carbohydrate was detected in Idli at 15.0 ~ 9.18 g per serving of sample which contributed approximately 91% of the total energy content per serving. From this study it was concluded that street fast foods provide an appreciable amount of recommended nutrient composition. It could be observed in this study that street fast foods supply appreciable amount of nutrients and calories to the people of Patna.

Visualizing the Intellectual Structure in Innovation System Studies: A Journal Cocitation Analysis

A journal co-citation analysis of top cited journals in the innovation ecosystem discipline was conducted over three periods spanning the years of 2002 to 2019.Relevant data retrieved from the Web of Science database were analyzed according to the highly cited journals.The results of current study show that innovation ecosystem is muti-disciplinary with broad relations with other fields.Management,marketing,technology and innovation,information management,economy,entrepreneurship and sociology play an important role in innovation ecosystem field,given their position and role in the research network.The paper generates the added value mainly from the point of view of theory development.