A Novel Agricultural Data Sharing Mode Based on Rice Disease Identification

In this paper,a variety of classical convolutional neural networks are trained on two different datasets using transfer learning method.We demonstrated that the training dataset has a significant impact on the training results,in addition to the optimization achieved through the model structure.However,the lack of open-source agricultural data,combined with the absence of a comprehensive open-source data sharing platform,remains a substantial obstacle.This issue is closely related to the difficulty and high cost of obtaining high-quality agricultural data,the low level of education of most employees,underdeveloped distributed training systems and unsecured data security.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel idea of constructing an agricultural data sharing platform based on a federated learning(FL)framework,aiming to overcome the deficiency of high-quality data in agricultural field training.

Cyber-Physical-Social System Between a Humanoid Robot and a Virtual Human Through a Shared Platform for Adaptive Agent Ecology

Two artificial agents(a humanoid robot and a virtual human) are enriched with various similar intelligence,autonomy, functionalities and interaction modalities. The agents are integrated in the form of a cyber-physical-social system(CPSS) through a shared communication platform to create a social ecology. In the ecology, the agents collaborate(assist each other) to perform a real-world task(search for a hidden object)for the benefits of humans. A robot-virtual human bilateral trust model is derived and a real-time trust measurement method is developed. The role of taking initiative in the collaboration is switched between the agents following a finite state machine model triggered by bilateral trust, which results in a mixedinitiative collaboration. A scheme is developed to evaluate the performance of the agents in the ecology through the CPSS.The results show that the robot and the virtual human perform satisfactorily in the collaboration through the CPSS. The results thus prove the effectiveness of the real-world ecology between artificial agents of heterogeneous realities through a shared platform based on trust-triggered mixed-initiatives. The results can help develop adaptive social ecology comprising intelligent agents of heterogeneous realities to assist humans in various tasks through collaboration between the agents in the form of a CPSS.

Design and implementation of web fast sharing platform of massive geological map

It is still a laborious work to consult massive multidisciplinary geological maps which are scattered in different geological departments,and hard to give full play to the potential application value of geological map. Along with the network,the development of communication and computer technology,especially with the Web2.0 technology arisen,provides opportunities to the web for sharing of geological maps. Web fast sharing platform of massive geological maps( WSPGM) is based on the Flex technology development,using B/S architecture,with map navigation,search,display,security and other functions of the software system. Through the map pretreatment and asynchronous communication the system can display any size of geological map,and through the range limits,rights management,sharing system and watermark logo to take effective security on geological map. On the basis of this system,with the Jilin University web sharing system of geological map,the system can greatly improve the efficiency of using geological map. for research.

Process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform for chemical engineering design projects

A process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is studied to improve knowledge sharing and project management of chemical engineering design enterprises. First, problems and characteristics of knowledge sharing in multi-projects of chemical engineering design are analyzed. Then based on theories of project management, process management, and knowledge management, a process-oriented knowledge-sharing platform is proposed. The platform has three characteristics: knowledge is divided into professional knowledge and project management knowledge; knowledge sharing is integrated with the project process, which makes knowledge sharing a necessary part of the project process and ensures the quantity of knowledge shared; the platform provides quantitative measurements of incentive mechanisms for knowledge providers and users which ensures the quality of knowledge shared. This knowledge-sharing platform uses two knowledge management tools, a knowledge map and a knowledge base, to support the platform.

Generic Attribute Scoring for Information Decay in Threat Information Sharing Platform

Cyber Threat Intelligence(CTI)has gained massive attention to collect hidden knowledge for a better understanding of the various cyber-attacks and eventually paving the way for predicting the future of such attacks.The information exchange and collaborative sharing through different platforms have a significant contribution towards a global solution.While CTI and the information exchange can help a lot in focusing and prioritizing on the use of the large volume of complex information among different organizations,there exists a great challenge ineffective processing of large count of different Indicators of Threat(IoT)which appear regularly,and that can be solved only through a collaborative approach.Collaborative approach and intelligence sharing have become the mandatory element in the entire world of processing the threats.In order to covet the complete needs of having a definite standard of information exchange,various initiatives have been taken in means of threat information sharing platforms like MISP and formats such as SITX.This paper proposes a scoring model to address information decay,which is shared within TISP.The scoring model is implemented,taking the use case of detecting the Threat Indicators in a phishing data network.The proposed method calculates the rate of decay of an attribute through which the early entries are removed.

Employment Opportunities for NEETs in Short-Term Rentals Operated Through Sharing Platforms:A Case Study Across Spain,Italy,Greece and Cyprus

The paper at hand explores whether short-term rentals(STRs),operated through sharing platforms,can provide employment opportunities to young people that are Not in Employment,Education and Training(NEETs)and whether such opportunities can comprise a realistic and viable solution to their unemployment.The focus is on low-skilled native women and migrants between 25-29 that live in Spain,Italy,Greece,and Cyprus.Methodologically,the research is based on the analysis of questionnaires conducted with both NEETs and owners or managers of STRs.Our analysis reveals that only firms that own or manage a large number of properties are in position to offer solid employment opportunities.Owners with a limited number of properties are not in position to offer sustainable long-term employment,for two main reasons.First,the generated income is not significant enough to justify employing an individual through a full-time waged-contract or even on a part-time basis;Second,tasks that could potentially lead to employability of NEETs are either low skill positions therefore are outsourced to cheap service providers or require professionals with appropriate technical skills and certifications.In this context,the paper also discusses ways these obstacles to be surpassed.

Information resources reorganization and sharing platform of national scientific＆technical document service in China

Reorganization of network information resources for scientific and technical （scitech for abbreviation） documents and development of information infrastructure have brought a great change in China＇s scitech documentation information sharing. It integrated not only information resources, but also systems, technologies and funds. High quality services and effective resources sharing are the main goals of the platform construction. The paper describes briefly the principles and aims of the integration of the scitech information resources and networks. The services of the sharing platforms have been also introduced.

The Design and Implementation of Multi-user Data Sharing Platform for Remote Monitoring System Based on Virtual Instruments

Remote data monitoring system which adopts virtual instrument usually applies data sharing, acquisition and remote transmission technology via internet. It is able to finish concurrent data acquisition and processing for multi-user and multi-task and also build a personalized virtual testing environment for more people but with fewer instruments. In this paper, we＇ 11 elaborate on the design and implementation of information sharing platform through a typical example of how to build multi-user concurrent virtual testing environment based on the virtnal software LabVIEW.

A Generic Platform for Sharing Functionalities among Devices

With so many potentially interconnected electronic devices in today’s homes, manufacturers have to think of theirs as only one of the components involved in a general user experience, and not as an isolated device. Users are likely to be using several devices at the same time, either actively through immediate interaction, or passively by expecting devices to give them notifications when necessary, for example. Thus, having cross-devices functionalities is often necessary for a product to be really adapted to its usage situation. Moreover, just as we install software on computers, smartphones and tablets for additional functionalities to use their own hardware, it would be logical to install cross-devices software to use the combined hardware of several home devices for a better user experience. However, even though a number of technologies can be used to transmit data or commands between devices, UPnP being a widespread example, it is not possible to access the behavior of remote devices and add functionalities to them this way. Thus, when manufacturers design their products, there is no way for them to make full use of the other appliances at the user’s home without developing and deploying specific software on each of them. In order to address this issue, this paper discusses a platform for generic development and on-the-fly deployment of applications on home devices. This system aims at letting device vendors deploy innovative features across devices in a home network, without requiring prior knowledge or control over devices already present in the user’s environment. For this platform to be fit for consumer devices, it is designed to be cost-effective, use recent and widespread technologies, and be fast to implement and work with.

高校实验技术人员内在动力激励模式探讨

实验技术人员是高校仪器共享平台的核心力量,如何建设并稳定一支业务精干、素质优良、结构合理的高水平实验技术队伍,充分调动实验技术人员的主动性和创造性,是提高平台服务和管理水平的关键。以中山大学中山医学院科研仪器平台为例,探讨通过建立成长督促的交互学习氛围,协助技术员职业自信的建立,培养技术员爱岗敬业的工匠精神,从而激发技术人员积极向上的内在动力,实践证明这些模式可有效地提升队伍的稳定性和平台整体的服务效能。

共享平台的生存空间和社会价值

基于互联网的共享经济迅猛发展,满足了越来越多的社会需求.基于这一背景,首先分析了共享经济的业态、发展阶段以及共享经济的优势和劣势.然后从平台的视角,以“相对综合优势”指标为出发点定义了“市场份额增量指标”,研究共享平台与专业平台同时进入市场竞争和平台分别作为领导者与追随者等不同情形下的竞争情况与均衡状态.最后考察共享平台在市场上的生存空间和社会价值.研究发现:1)若共享平台和专业平台同时进入市场竞争,只有当专业平台相对综合优势足够显著时,共享平台将可能退出市场;否则即使面对专业平台的相对综合优势,共享平台仍然能够生存,出现两类平台相互竞争的局面;而且闲置资源的低回报要求,使得共享平台将专业平台挤出市场变得可能.2)相比同时进入市场竞争,共享平台作为追随者参与竞争的优势更明显,平台具有后发优势.3)从共享平台的社会价值来看,共享平台进入市场不一定增加社会福利,只有当共享平台从社会福利角度出发,达到最优的产出水平时,其进入市场能够补偿专业平台的多样化损失,实现最优补偿.

面向智慧教育的高校众包教学:价值蕴含与实现路径

随着数字时代的到来,新兴信息技术为高校教育教学提供了新的发展空间。众包是数字教育资源共建共享的一种有效机制,将众包理念与教育活动相结合,提出基于数字化平台的众包教学方法,以辅助高校课堂教学、提升高校教学质量和智慧教育水平。众包教学充分汇聚学生的智慧和力量,有助于促进高校学生参与,提升互动教学质量;丰富高校教学资源,创新线上教学模式;培养学生反思学习习惯,促进学生综合发展。众包教学的实现路径要求构建“双循环”的众包教学互动关系,打造“多向度”的众包教学激励机制,搭建“一体化”的众包教学数字化平台。

国家海洋科学数据中心建设与发展实践

科学数据是国家科技创新和经济社会发展的重要基础性战略资源。国家海洋科学数据中心作为科技部和财政部首批认定的20个国家科学数据中心之一,以打造海洋领域的基础支撑与条件保障类国家科技创新基地为发展定位。成立4年来,在科技部和自然资源部的支持及依托单位和共建单位的共同努力下,各项工作取得突破性进展,为持续推动海洋科学数据共享奠定了扎实的基础。本文回顾了国家海洋科学数据中心的发展历程,从运行管理和标准规范、数据资源体系建设、关键技术应用与工具研制、数据共享服务平台建设等方面系统总结了该中心在海洋科学数据共享领域的建设进展与成效,并提出下一步发展建议与前景展望。

CNAS⁃CL06体系良好运行对动物实验数据科学性的积极作用

药品生物制品检验检测机构的动物实验室承担着检测和科研工作的重要支撑任务。本文梳理了中检院CNAS⁃CL06质量管理体系在运行中积累的管理经验,为同类机构在运行中提供借鉴,以保障动物实验数据的科学性。本实验动物机构顺利通过了CNAS实验动物机构认可,并在现场监督评审中按时完成了整改,同时依据《实验动物饲养和使用机构质量和能力认可准则》(CNAS⁃CL06)开展体系定期自查。在自查过程中一边检查问题一边完善体系内容,从动物采购、职业健康安全、动物疾病治疗与护理、设施运行突发事件演练等几方面着手,充实了质量管理体系内容,确保体系持续有效运行,保障了动物实验数据的有效性和标准化,同时在动物实验平台共享方面贡献了中检院的管理思路,为动物实验的云平台建设提供硬件和软件支撑。本文旨在根据工作实际探索形成实验动物行业质量管理模式,为制定和执行国家标准、行业/团体标准、认可认证标准等机构提供基础数据,为开展动物实验的机构提供可供探讨的管理模式,也为推动整个动物实验的规范化、科学化发展水平夯实基础。

教学型公共仪器平台建设与开放机制探索

南京大学自2009年开始进行“三三制”本科教学改革,化学实验教学也按照此理念不断进行实验教学改革,以培养学生扎实的专业实践能力和良好的交叉跨界能力,提升学生的综合实践能力和创新实践能力。仪器设备在改革过程中起着重要的支撑作用,为了满足各实验课程的教学需求,化学国家级实验教学示范中心以培养“四个实践能力”为抓手,高质量建设了以教学为主的公共仪器平台。然而,仪器的开放共享也是资源优化利用的一项重要任务,如何在教学任务之余兼顾对外开放,需要进行不断的探索。本文以化学实验教学中心公共仪器平台为例,介绍平台在实验教学、使用培训、共享开放等方面所采取的管理机制,以及在此基础上取得的一些成果,供国内高校类似的仪器平台参考。

五措并举提升大型仪器设备共享成效的探索

大型仪器设备是高校提高教学科研水平和人才培养质量的重要条件,是反映学校的综合实力和办学水平的重要指标。随着高等教育的发展,高校大型仪器设备的类型和数量在不断增加,由此也带来了重复购置、利用率低等问题。通过加大大型仪器设备信息化共享、加强大型仪器设备人员队伍建设、建立健全大型仪器设备共享机制、探索大型仪器全成本核算管理、强化大型仪器设备制度集成创新,形成以内循环为主、区域化为辅的共享模式,全面提升大型仪器设备共享实效。

生物科学与技术虚拟仿真实验教学中心的建设与应用

生物科学与技术虚拟仿真实验教学中心通过优秀科研项目转化以及与高新技术企业合作开发,建设了一批高质量的生物类虚拟仿真实验教学资源。多层次、多元化的资源为学生前沿科学知识学习、综合性科研训练和生物下游产业技术训练提供有利环境,有效地实现教学模式的转变以及学科交叉知识的学习和延伸。全天候开放共享虚拟仿真实验教学平台,实现虚拟仿真实验教学软件、实验标准化视频、教学课件和测试题库等线上教学资源的有机整合,满足随时随地实验教学需求,支持了一系列的混合式线上线下实验教学课程开展。生物科学与技术虚拟仿真实验教学中心与国家级生物科学实验教学示范中心形成了“双中心”融合发展的创新人才培养实验教学体系,“虚实结合”的实验教学模式,提升了学生的综合科研能力与教师的业务水平,培养了满足社会需求的生物技术创新实践人才。

产能分享平台企业的盈利模式选择与定价研究

在分享经济背景下,考虑交叉网络外部性效用及平台匹配率,研究产能分享平台的盈利模式选择与定价问题。基于两阶段博弈方法,分析并比较了平台在利润最大化和社会福利最大化条件下选择服务费模式与注册费模式时获得的最大利润。研究发现,在目标时间段内,当平台以利润最大化为目标时,多数情况下选择注册费模式获得的最大利润高于选择服务费模式获得的利润。在特定条件下,也存在平台采取两种盈利模式会获得相同利润的情况。此外,平台最大利润在一定条件下与交叉网络外部性系数和平台对制造能力供应方的匹配率正相关,与对制造能力需求方的匹配率负相关。当平台以社会福利最大化为目标时,选择服务费模式获得的利润高于选择注册费模式时的利润。最后,通过数值算例对上述结果进行了验证。

化学实验教学示范中心建设新模式与实践探索

面向高质量化学创新型人才培养的需求,化学国家级实验教学示范中心(陕西师范大学)从运行管理机制、实验教学模式、公共平台建设、信息化平台搭建等诸多方面开展全方位积极探索,逐渐形成了“集中力量办大事”和“共建共享共用”的运行管理新模式,秉承“一体化、多层次、研究型”的实验教学理念,构建了完善的“基础型、综合型、创新型”教学体系,建立了与现代化学学科发展适应的公用共享平台,培养了一支优秀的实验教师和技术人员队伍,学生的化学实验技能及创新能力得到极大提高,极大地助力了高质量人才培养和科学研究。经过多年建设和运行,化学国家级实验教学示范中心(陕西师范大学)已经成为了学生实践能力和创新意识培养的重要基地和实验教学改革成果的实践和示范基地,充分发挥了科教融合、科研育人、协同育人的价值和功能,为西部高校,尤其是师范院校化学实验教学示范中心的建设和运行提供了良好的示范。

大型仪器共享平台内涵式发展路径研究

大型仪器共享平台(以下简称:平台)是高校重要的科研支撑体系,探索平台内涵式发展路径,实现平台高质量和高水平发展,对于支撑和推动高校“双一流”建设具有重要意义。以浙江大学医学院大型仪器共享平台发展为例,阐述平台外延式发展中出现的问题、平台内涵式发展的路径及成效。通过创新组织管理构架、建立先进的实验仪器管理系统、创新大型仪器设备论证和采购制度、提升研究生大型仪器操作技能和加强实验技术队伍建设等内涵式发展内容与途径,解决了外延式发展中出现的问题,大幅提高平台运行效率,提升了平台服务能力和水平,在开放共享服务、大型仪器高效使用、研究生培养、仪器新功能和新技术开发等方面都取得优异的成绩,为科学研究、研究生培养和社会服务提供了良好的技术支撑。