How Sense of Ritual in Tourism Impacts Tourists’Co-Creation of Tourism Experience Values:A Study Based on the Theory of Value Co-Creation

Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism model to examine tourists'active engagement in the process of co-creating tourism experience values.It employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)to empirically test the proposed hypotheses.The findings demonstrate that the model constructed in the present study exhibits robust reliability,validity,and explanatory power.The perception of the sense of ritual in tourism exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values,thereby significantly enhancing both the communitas and flow experienced by tourists during their travels.Moreover,such communitas and flow can mediate the influence of the sense of ritual in tourism on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values.This study contributes to advancing the current research on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values and the sense of ritual in tourism,thereby providing theoretical foundations for cultivating a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios.

Effect Evaluation of CBL Combined with Rain Classroom Teaching Method in Medical Statistics

Objective: To explore the application effect of CBL combined with rain classroom teaching method in medical statistics courses. Methods: The undergraduate students of medical imaging technology in 2019 and 2020 in a university were selected as the research objects. A cluster sampling method was used to select 79 undergraduate students from 2019 in the control group and 75 undergraduate students from 2020 in the experimental group. Traditional teaching method and CBL combined with rain classroom teaching method was used in the control group and experimental group respectively. The final examination scores of the two groups were compared. In experimental group, the correlation between the average score in the rain classroom and the final examination score was tested, and the teaching effect was evaluated. Results: The average score of final examination in experimental group and control group was 79.13 ± 10.32 points and 71.54 ± 14.752 points, respectively, which had a statistically significant difference (Z = 2.586, P = 0.012);the final examination scores of the students in the experimental group were positively correlated with the average scores of the rain classroom (r = 0.372, P = 0.001), and the proportion of satisfaction in the experimental group was 94.7%. Conclusion: The CBL combined with rain classroom teaching method can improve the teaching effectiveness of medical statistics courses.

Analysis and Strategy Research on Influencing Factors of Classroom Teaching Quality in Higher Vocational Colleges

In this study,the questionnaire“Influencing Factors of Classroom Quality in Higher Vocational Education”was self-compiled.By using the questionnaire survey method,the research conclusion was drawn that the main factors affecting the classroom teaching quality in higher vocational education were teaching and student factors,teacher factors,and classroom factors based on 2,683 samples.According to the research results,the measures to improve the quality of classroom teaching are put forward,in order to provide guidance for improving the quality of teaching in higher vocational colleges.

Research and Discussion on Flipped Classroom Combined with Case-Based Learning in Pharmacoeconomics Teaching

Objective:To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching methods in pharmacoeconomics teaching.Methods:The students majoring in clinical pharmacy in 2019 were selected as the study subjects,and the cost-effectiveness analysis of different dosage forms of Yinzhihuang in the treatment of neonatal jaundice was selected as the teaching case.The flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching method was used to carry out theoretical teaching to the students.After the course,questionnaires were distributed through the Sojump platform to evaluate the teaching effect.Results:The results of the questionnaire showed that 85.71%of the students believed that the flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching method was helpful in mobilizing the learning enthusiasm and initiative,and improving the comprehensive application ability of the knowledge of pharmacoeconomics.92.86%of the students think that it is conducive to the understanding and memorization of learning content,as well as the cultivation of teamwork,communication,etc.Conclusion:Flipped classroom combined with case-based learning teaching method can improve students’knowledge mastery,thinking skills,and practical application skills,as well as optimize and improve teachers’teaching levels.

Analysis of the Application Value of Virtual Reality Combined with Flipped Classroom Teaching Mode in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Teaching

Objective:To analyze the value of using virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching model in teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR).Methods:Two classes of our nursing program were randomly selected for the study from September 2022 to September 2023,Class A(52 students,conventional teaching method)and Class B(52 students,virtual reality combined with flipped classroom teaching mode).The assessment scores and independent learning ability scores of the students in the two classes were compared.Results:CPR theory and operation scores,passing rate,and independent learning ability scores of Class B were higher than those of Class A(P<0.05).Conclusion:the use of virtual reality combined with the flipped classroom teaching mode in CPR teaching is conducive to the improvement of students’assessment scores and independent learning ability.

Research on Practical Teaching of Ideological and Political Courses in Colleges and Universities and Collaborative Education in the Second Classroom

In today’s society,the need for talent training is of utmost importance due to rapid development.To achieve high-quality talent training,we need to focus on building a collaborative education mechanism.Practical teaching and the second classroom,which serve as important carriers of educational talents,must align their educational goals and complement each other.This article explores the collaborative education mechanism of the second classroom and practical teaching for the ideological and political courses in colleges and universities.It proposes reasonable construction measures to provide some guidelines for teaching work.

Application of Cooperative Learning and Flipped Classrooms in University Basketball Courses in China

This study investigates the application of the teaching model combining cooperative learning and flipped classrooms in university basketball courses in China.By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional basketball teaching model and students’satisfaction with the course,the necessity of implementing cooperative learning and flipped classrooms is proposed.The study planned in detail the implementation strategies before class,in the classroom,and after class,and compared them with the control group through an experimental design.The experimental results showed that the new teaching mode demonstrated significant advantages in terms of learning outcomes,student satisfaction,and teacher evaluation.This study provides a valuable reference for the future reform of the physical education curriculum.

Flipped classroom approach to global outreach:cross-cultural teaching of horizontal strabismus to Chinese ophthalmology residents

AIM:To evaluate the flipped classroom model for teaching horizontal strabismus didactics in an ophthalmology residency program in China as part of a visiting professorship from the United States.METHODS:Residents from an ophthalmology residency program in China were invited to participate in flipped classroom sessions taught by an experienced American ophthalmology faculty in 2018.Residents were instructed to watch a pre-class video lecture prior to the in-class-casebased activity.Content tests(5 Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program style questions)and surveys were administered before and after the classroom sessions(100%response rate).These results were compared to that of an American cohort who were taught the same content.RESULTS:The Chinese cohort of 12 residents preferred the flipped classroom to the traditional classroom at higher rates than the American cohort of 40 residents(92%vs 55%,P=0.04)and felt that all ophthalmology topics would be appropriate for the flipped classroom teaching style(P-values between 0.008 and<0.001).In both Chinese and American cohorts,we found that the exotropia curriculum saw a small but significant improvement in performance following the flipped classroom session(P=0.025 for Chinese residents;P=0.001 for US residents),whereas scores in both groups for the esotropia course did not significantly improve.CONCLUSION:This is the first study to evaluate the flipped classroom model implemented by a visiting ophthalmology professor in a global outreach setting.The flipped classroom sessions are viewed favorably by the Chinese residents relative to the US cohort with a modest impact on knowledge.Decreased in-person interpreter requirement and increased student engagement make this model valuable in cross-cultural visiting professorship settings.Finally,the flipped classroom may lend itself well to a virtual format to prevent the transmission of COVID-19,although such a format requires further study.

Exploring the Application Effect of Flipped Classroom Combined with Problem-Based Learning Teaching Method in Clinical Skills Teaching of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.

Integration of Theory and Practice in Medical Morphology Curriculum in Postgraduate Training:A Flipped Classroom and Case-based Learning Exercise

Objective:The integration of training in theory and practice across the medical education spectrum is being encouraged to increase student understanding and skills in the sciences.This study aimed to determine the deciding factors that drive students'perceived advantages in class to improve precision education and the teaching model.Methods:A mixed strategy of an existing flipped classroom(FC)and a case-based learning(CBL)model was conducted in a medical morphology curriculum for 575 postgraduate students.The subjective learning evaluation of the individuals(learning time,engagement,study interest and concentration,and professional integration)was collected and analyzed after FC-CBL model learning.Results:The results from the general evaluation showed promising results of the medical morphology in the FC-CBL model.Students felt more engaged by instructors in person and benefited in terms of time-saving,flexible arrangements,and professional improvement.Our study contributed to the FC-CBL model in Research Design in postgraduate training in 4 categories:1)advancing a guideline of precision teaching according to individual characteristics;2)revealing whether a learning background is needed for a Research Design course to guide setting up a preliminary course;3)understanding the perceived advantages and their interfaces;and 4)barriers and/or improvement to implement the FC-CBL model in the Research Design class,such as a richer description of e-learning and hands-on practice.Conclusion:Undertaking a FC-CBL combined model could be a useful addition to pedagogy for medical morphology learning in postgraduate training.

An IoT-Based Energy Conservation Smart Classroom System

With the increase of energy consumption worldwide in several domains such as industry,education,and transportation,several technologies played an influential role in energy conservation such as the Internet of Things(IoT).In this article,we describe the design and implementation of an IoT-based energy conser-vation smart classroom system that contributes to energy conservation in the edu-cation domain.The proposed system not only allows the user to access and control IoT devices(e.g.,lights,projectors,and air conditions)in real-time,it also has the capability to aggregate the estimated energy consumption of an IoT device,the smart classroom,and the building based on the energy consumption and cost model that we propose.Moreover,the proposed model aggregates the estimated energy cost according to the Saudi Electricity Company(SEC)rates.Furthermore,the model aggregates in real-time the estimated energy conservation percentage and estimated money-saving percentage compared to data collected when the system wasn't used.The feasibility and benefits of our system have been validated on a real-world scenario which is a classroom in the college of computer science and engineering,Taibah University,Yanbu branch.The results of the experimental studies are promising in energy conservation and cost-saving when using our proposed system.

基于雨课堂的SPOC+对分课堂的生理学混合式教学探索

生理学是高等医药院校医药学及相关专业必修的基础课,其传统课堂教学存在“教得单调”“学得被动”“评得片面”等痛点问题。此研究建立异步小规模限制性在线课程(SPOC),作为学生课前、课后线上学习的主要资源;利用“雨课堂”平台进行课前、课中、课后的教学管理。同时,在课堂教学设计中,引入“对分课堂”教学模式,将课堂时间和权力划分一半给学生,帮助学生完成知识的内化,使课堂成为线上线下融合、课前课中课后融合、教师教授与学生学习融合的关键环节,真正发挥教师的主导作用,体现学生的主体地位,从教师教学手段多样化、学生学习活动个体化、教学评价体系立体化等多方面提高教学质量和教育效果,为高等教育课堂教学改革开拓新思路、提供新素材。

Observation in the Classroom

Classroom observation is a means of doing research into what occurs in classrooms by systematically observing and keeping records of classroom events.Classroom observation plays very important role in teachers’evaluation and development.Summative and formative functions are the two main purposes that classroom observation serves.Three steps are involved in the classroom observation.Preparations are made before the observation.Various observational techniques or tools are used to collect data during the observation.Reflection and feedback are needed to improve classroom performance and competence.

Research on Vocabulary Learning in English Classroom Teaching Based on Corpus

The difficulty of learning English is not only related to interest,but also related to the correctness of learning methods.Especially in English teaching,a comprehensive and in-depth mastery of vocabulary can improve the level of English language,learn English knowledge better,and improve the level of cross-cultural communication.The application of corpus in English classroom vocabulary teaching can provide more educational space for vocabulary teaching,enrich teaching methods,and at the same time,facilitate students to learn vocabulary and lay a foundation for learning English language.To this end,this article first describes the important role of corpus application in vocabulary learning in English classroom teaching.Secondly,it discusses the difficulties of vocabulary learning and the factors that affect the quality of learning.Finally,in order to enhance the learning effect of students and improve the teaching level,several learning strategies have been formulated to continuously highlight the practicality of the corpus.

Research on the Transmission of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture in Confucius Classroom at Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Under the Background of“the Belt and Road”Cooperation Initiative

“The Belt and Road”cooperation initiative contains Chinese excellent traditional cultural ideas,and is deeply rooted in Chinese excellent traditional culture.The proposal of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiative is not only the strategic need to implement the“going out”of Chinese culture,but also the need to promote cultural exchanges and mutual learning among countries along“the Belt and Road”,and more importantly,the practical consideration of building a community of shared future for mankind with cultural identity.Confucius classroom,as one of the important platforms to realize the“going out”of Chinese culture,shows the“image of China”and enhances the“soft power”of Chinese culture,integrates and configures Chinese teaching and Chinese cultural resources through cooperation,and plays an important role in telling Chinese stories,spreading Chinese voice,enhancing cultural mutual trust and people-to-people contacts as well as the awareness of a community of shared future for mankind.Taking the Confucius classroom jointly built by Huanggang Normal University in China and Sabaragamuwa University in Sri Lanka as an example,this paper explores some effective transmission ways for spreading Chinese excellent traditional culture in Sri Lankan Confucius classroom under the background of“the Belt and Road”cooperation initiative,aiming to give full play to the role of Confucius classroom in cultural exchanges and enhance inter-school exchanges and cooperation between China and Sri Lanka in terms of cultural mutual trust and respect.

The Application and Impact of Flipped Classroom Model in Intercultural Communication Teaching

Flipped classroom, as a new teaching method, brings new perspectives and practices to intercultural communication teaching. This paper discusses the application of flipped classroom in intercultural communication classrooms to enhance students’ language proficiency, communication skills, and intercultural awareness. Firstly, the definitions and importance of flipped classroom and cultural communication are introduced. Then, the paper explores how to integrate the principles and methods of flipped classroom into the practice of intercultural communication teaching, including pre-class activities, in-class interactions, and reflection. Finally, the advantages and challenges of implementing flipped classroom in intercultural communication classrooms are summarized, along with practical recommendations.

“Flipped Classroom” Teaching Model Research: A Case Study of “Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education and Practice (Theory)”

The flipped classroom model differs significantly from the traditional classroom teaching model and offers numerous advantages. This article draws inspiration from the flipped classroom concept, using the “Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education and Practice (Theory)” course as an example to introduce the innovation and characteristics of the flipped classroom model: it is problem-oriented, addressing the “pain points” in teaching, motivating students towards “active learning,” and integrating diverse teaching methods. In the conclusion, the article proposed suggestions on the application of this model, encouraging teachers to summarize their teaching experiences, enhance their knowledge base, and foster students’ awareness of innovation and entrepreneurship.

Can the Educational Metaverse Enter the Real Classroom?-From the Perspective of Frontline Teachers

This article dissects the challenges faced and the integration strategies for embracing the educational metaverse from existing research,preparing for the new educational trend-the educational metaverse-by controlling the target direction,technical direction,teacher training direction,and ethical direction.Starting from the origin,it analyzes the reasons for the entry of the metaverse into the educational field and summarizes the three characteristics of the educational metaverse supported by current technical means.Combining the current situation of classroom teaching and the advantages of the educational metaverse,it analyzes the inevitability of the metaverse entering the classroom.Subsequently,it analyzes the four major challenges of the current stage:the pressure of college entrance examinations,the challenge of technical implementation,the limited ability of teachers,and the digital ethical risks brought by the metaverse.It prescribes the right remedy,giving strategies for integrating the educational metaverse into the classroom from the four directions of reducing the burden of college entrance examinations,technology research,teacher ability development,and rule formulation.It is hoped that in the future,while the metaverse lands in the educational field,it can overcome challenges at various levels and achieve breakthroughs at the target level,technical level,teacher training level,and ethical level to truly realize the entry of the educational metaverse into the classroom.

CBL教学法联合MDT翻转课堂在乳腺癌超声教学中的应用

基于案例教学法(case-based learning,CBL)联合多学科联合会诊(multi-disciplinary treatment,MDT)翻转课堂是“以学生为中心”的全新教学模式,改变了过去“以教师为中心”的传统教学模式。乳腺超声是一门实践性强的学科,这种全新的教学理念和教学模式,让学生进一步了解乳腺癌的诊疗模式,有助于拓展学生思维,提高自主学习能力;加强学生之间的交流合作,培养团队协作能力;培养学生学习兴趣,提高综合分析病例的能力。在今后的教学中,基于CBL教学法联合MDT翻转课堂在乳腺癌的超声教学中将被不断推广应用,进一步推动不同学科之间的融合式教学,为传统课堂教学变革带来新的曙光。

Reform and Practice of the Course “Road Engineering Construction Technology and Organization” Based on Smart Classroom

Smart classroom is an inevitable result of the deepening integration of new-generation information technology and education means,and it is an unavoidable choice of university education informatization in the intelligent era.The Bridge-in,Outcomes,Pre-assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-assessment,and Summary(BOPPPS)model is used to construct the effective teaching mode of a smart classroom based on the analyses of the connotation and characteristics of a smart classroom,and the teaching reform and practice are carried out on the“Road Engineering Construction Technology and Organization”course.Through a questionnaire survey,it is found that the construction of a smart classroom effective teaching model can fully mobilize students’learning enthusiasm and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of students’learning.