The control of coal mine gas and coordinated exploitation of coal bed methane in China

Based on the characteristics of the coalfield geology and the distribution of coalbed methane (CBM) in China,the geological conditions for exploiting the CBM and drainingthe coal mine gas were analyzed,as well as the characteristics of CBM production.Bycomparing the current situation of CBM exploitation in China with that in the United States,the current technology and characteristics of the CBM exploitation in China were summarizedand the major technical problems of coal mine gas control and CBM exploitationanalyzed.It was emphasized that the CBM exploitation in China should adopt the coalmine gas drainage method coordinated with coal mine exploitation as the main model.Itwas proposed that coal mine gas control should be coordinated with coal mine gas exploitation.The technical countermeasure should be integrating the exploitation of coal andCBM and draining gas before coal mining.

Analysis of the Strategies of the 'Replacement of Coal and Oil' with Natural Gas in Sichuan Province

Sichuan Province boasts rich clean energy such as natural gas and hydroelectricity. In order to realize the blueprint of a beautiful China, it is both necessary and feasible for Sichuan Province to ＂replace coal and oil＂ with natural gas. Based on the actual situation of Sichuan Province, through research and investigation, rational thinking and summarization, this paper analyzes the current demand for energy supply in Sichuan, defines the development goals and ideas concerning Sichuan＇s ＇replacement of coal and oil＂ with natural gas, examines the action plan related to such replacement and puts forward relevant policies and suggestions.

Theoretical Progress and Key Technologies of Onshore Ultra-Deep Oil/Gas Exploration

Oil/gas exploration around the world has extended into deep and ultra-deep strata because it is increasingly difficult to find new large-scale oil/gas reservoirs in shallow–middle buried strata. In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in oil/gas exploration in ultra-deep areas including carbonate and clastic reservoirs. Some (ultra) large-scale oil and gas fields have been discovered. The oil/gas accumulation mechanisms and key technologies of oil/gas reservoir exploration and development are summarized in this study in order to share China’s experiences. Ultra-deep oil/gas originates from numerous sources of hydrocarbons and multiphase charging. Liquid hydrocarbons can form in ultradeep layers due to low geothermal gradients or overpressures, and the natural gas composition in ultra-deep areas is complicated by the reactions between deep hydrocarbons, water, and rock or by the addition of mantle- or crust-sourced gases. These oils/gases are mainly stored in the original highenergy reef/shoal complexes or in sand body sediments. They usually have high original porosity. Secondary pores are often developed by dissolution, dolomitization, and fracturing in the late stage. The early pores have been preserved by retentive diageneses such as the early charging of hydrocarbons. Oil/gas accumulation in ultra-deep areas generally has the characteristics of near-source accumulation and sustained preservation. The effective exploration and development of ultra-deep oil/gas reservoirs depend on the support of key technologies. Use of the latest technologies such as seismic signal acquisition and processing, low porosity and permeability zone prediction, and gas–water identification has enabled the discovery of ultra-deep oil/gas resources. In addition, advanced technologies for drilling, completion, and oil/gas testing have ensured the effective development of these fields.

Geological characteristics and co-exploration and co-production methods of Upper Permian Longtan coal measure gas in Yangmeishu Syncline, Western Guizhou Province, China

Coal measure gas(also known as coal-bearing unconventional gas)is the key field and development direction of unconventional natural gas in recent years.The exploration and evaluation of coal measure gas(coalbed methane,coal shale gas and coal measure tight sandstone gas)from single coalbed methane has greatly expanded the field and space of resource evaluation,which is of positive significance for realizing the comprehensive utilization of coal resources,maximizing the benefits and promoting the innovation of oil and gas geological theory and technological advances in exploration and development.For the first time,in Yangmeishu Syncline of Western Guizhou Province,the public welfare coalbed methane geological survey project of China Geological Survey has been carried out a systematic geological survey of coal measure gas for the Upper Permian Longtan Formation,identified the geological conditions of coal measure gas and found high quality resources.The total geological resource quantity of coalbed methane and coal shale gas is 51.423×109 m3 and the geological resource abundance is up to 566×106 m3/km2.In this area,the coal measures are characterized by many layers of minable coal seams,large total thickness,thin to the medium thickness of the single layer,good gas-bearing property of coal seams and coal measure mudstone and sandstone,good reservoir physical property and high-pressure coefficient.According to the principle of combination of high quality and similarity of key parameters of the coal reservoir,the most favorable intervals are No.5-2,No.7 and No.13-2 coal seam in Well YMC1.And the pilot tests are carried out on coal seams and roof silty mudstone,such as staged perforation,increasing hydraulic fracturing scale and"three gas"production.The high and stable industrial gas flow with a daily gas output of more than 4000 m3 has been obtained,which has realized the breakthrough in the geological survey of coal measure gas in Southwest China.Based on the above investigation results,the geological characteristics of coal measure gas in the multi-thin-coal-seam-developed area and the coexploration and co-production methods,such as the optimization method of favorable intervals,the highefficiency fracturing and reservoir reconstruction method of coal measures,and the"three gas"drainage and production system,are systematically summarized in this paper.It will provide a reference for efficient exploration and development of coal measure gas in similar geological conditions in China.

The impacts of gas impurities on the minimum miscibility pressure of injected CO_2-rich gas–crude oil systems and enhanced oil recovery potential

An effective parameter in the miscible-CO_2 enhanced oil recovery procedure is the minimum miscibility pressure(MMP)defined as the lowest pressure that the oil in place and the injected gas into reservoir achieve miscibility at a given temperature. Flue gases released from power plants can provide an available source of CO_2,which would otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere, for injection into a reservoir. However, the costs related to gas extraction from flue gases is potentially high. Hence, greater understanding the role of impurities in miscibility characteristics between CO_2 and reservoir fluids helps to establish which impurities are tolerable and which are not. In this study, we simulate the effects of the impurities nitrogen(N_2), methane(C_1), ethane(C_2) and propane(C_3) on CO_2 MMP. The simulation results reveal that,as an impurity, nitrogen increases CO_2–oil MMP more so than methane. On the other hand, increasing the propane(C_3)content can lead to a significant decrease in CO_2 MMP, whereas varying the concentrations of ethane(C_2) does not have a significant effect on the minimum miscibility pressure of reservoir crude oil and CO_2 gas. The novel relationships established are particularly valuable in circumstances where MMP experimental data are not available.

Characteristics of compression fracture of ＂three soft＂ coal bed by perfusion and gas sucking technique

Against the particularity of stratum-structure in ＂three soft＂ mine areas, according to rock indoor test and on-site sucking experiment, discussed the characteristics of argillization, compression fracture and sucking technique of soft coal with low permeability. It is clearly pointed out that the gas can be highly effectively sucked only by compression fracture along the occurrence of the coal seam, creating inter-seams crack belt because of the difference of bulgy deformation. After the flooding experiment in the 24080 workface of Pingdingshan No. 10 mine, the average single-bore volume of gas increases from 77 m3 to 7 893 mS, while decay cycle extended from 7 days to 80-90 days. Also, the single-bore extracting rate of gas increases to 33%.

Stability analysis of seabed strata and casing structure during the natural gas hydrates exploitation by depressurization in horizontal wells in South China Sea

Natural gas hydrates(NGHs)are a new type of clean energy with great development potential.However,it is urgent to achieve safe and economical NGHs development and utilization.This study established a physical model of the study area using the FLAC^(3D) software based on the key parameters of the NGHs production test area in the South China Sea,including the depressurization method,and mechanical parameters of strata,NGHs occurrence characteristics,and the technological characteristics of horizontal wells.Moreover,this study explored the law of influences of the NGHs dissociation range on the stability of the overburden strata and the casing structure of a horizontal well.The results are as follows.With the dissociation of NGHs,the overburden strata of the NGHs dissociation zone subsided and formed funnelshaped zones and then gradually stabilized.However,the upper interface of the NGHs dissociation zone showed significant redistribution and discontinuity of stress.Specifically,distinct stress concentration and corresponding large deformation occurred in the build-up section of the horizontal well,which was thus prone to suffering shear failure.Moreover,apparent end effects occurred at the end of the horizontal well section and might cause the deformation and failure of the casing structure.Therefore,it is necessary to take measures in the build-up section and at the end of the horizontal section of the horizontal well to prevent damage and ensure the wellbore safety in the long-term NGHs exploitation.

Key technologies, engineering management and important suggestions of shale oil/gas development: Case study of a Duvernay shale project in Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

The Duvernay project in Canada was taken as an example to summarize the advanced technology and engineering management model of shale oil and gas development in North America.Preliminary suggestions were put forward to accelerate the commercial development of domestic continental shale oil and gas.The advanced technologies,valuable knowledge and rich experience were introduced,including the evaluation of geological target area of the project,rapid long horizontal drilling and completion,high-intensity fracturing,and well spacing optimization.In particular,the concept and connotation of the full-life cycle management of North American unconventional resource projects were analyzed.Its emphasis on early evaluation and risk management,and a highly competitive market environment have played an important role in promoting technological innovation and management innovation.In addition,the low-cost sharing system of industry-wide knowledge and experience and the management mode were applied.These management approaches are of great significance for reference in accelerating the exploration and development of unconventional resources in China.China possesses abundant shale oil and gas resources,which are an important replacement to guarantee the national oil and gas energy supply.However,due to the late start and special geological characteristics and engineering difficulties in China,there is a large gap in technology level and management mode compared with North America.According to the advanced experience and enlightenment of the shale oil and gas development in North America,a preliminary proposal to accelerate the development of shale oil and gas in China was made.

Distribution and genesis of mercury in natural gas of large coal derived gas fields in China

The mercury content in natural gas samples from more than 500 gas wells in eight large gas bearing basins of China was tested, mercury release experiments on two coal samples from different areas were conducted, and the mercury content of 11 coal samples from different gas wells of Ordos Basin was tested. The mercury distribution of the coal derived gas has three features: The first is that mercury content of coal derived gas is generally much higher than that of oil derived gas, the second is that the coal derived gases from different fields vary widely in mercury content, the third is that the mercury content in coal derived gas increases with the increase of production layer depth. Mercury in coal derived natural gas mainly originates from the source rock. Besides three evidences, namely, coal derived gas mercury content is much higher than that of oil derived gas, mercury content of gas with high carbon dioxide content decreases with the increase of carbon dioxide content, and the coal bearing strata have the material base to generate natural gas with high mercury content, the pyrolysis experiment of two coal samples show that coal can produce natural gas with high mercury content during the process of thermal evolution. The mercury content of coal derived natural gas is controlled mainly by the temperature of source rock and the sulfur environment of reservoir. According to lithospheric material cycling process and oil-gas formation process, the formation of mercury in coal derived gas can be divided into four stages, transportation and deposition, shallow burial, deep burial, and preservation and destruction.

Whole petroleum system in Jurassic coal measures of Taibei Sag in Tuha Basin,NW China

Based on the latest results of near-source exploration in the Middle and Lower Jurassic of the Tuha Basin,a new understanding of the source rocks,reservoir conditions,and source-reservoir-cap rock combinations of the Jurassic Shuixigou Group in the Taibei Sag is established using the concept of the whole petroleum system,and the coal-measure whole petroleum system is analyzed thoroughly.The results are obtained in three aspects.First,the coal-measure source rocks of the Badaowan Formation and Xishanyao Formation and the argillaceous source rocks of the Sangonghe Formation in the Shuixigou Group exhibit the characteristics of long-term hydrocarbon generation,multiple hydrocarbon generation peaks,and simultaneous oil and gas generation,providing sufficient oil and gas sources for the whole petroleum system in the Jurassic coal-bearing basin.Second,multi-phase shallow braided river delta–shallow lacustrine deposits contribute multiple types of reservoirs,e.g.sandstone,tight sandstone,shale and coal rock,in slope and depression areas,providing effective storage space for the petroleum reservoir formation in coal-measure strata.Third,three phases of hydrocarbon charging and structural evolution,as well as effective configuration of multiple types of reservoirs,result in the sequential accumulation of conventional-unconventional hydrocarbons.From high structural positions to depression,there are conventional structural and structural-lithological reservoirs far from the source,low-saturation structural-lithological reservoirs near the source,and tight sandstone gas,coal rock gas and shale oil accumulations within the source.Typically,the tight sandstone gas and coal rock gas are the key options for further exploration,and the shale oil and gas in the depression area is worth of more attention.The new understanding of the whole petroleum system in the coal measures could further enrich and improve the geological theory of the whole petroleum system,and provide new ideas for the overall exploration of oil and gas resources in the Tuha Basin.

Experimental investigation into stress-relief characteristics with upward large height and upward mining under hard thick roof

According to geological conditions of No. 3 and No. 4 coal seams （namely A3 and B4） of the Pan＇er coal mine and the parameters of panels 11223, 11224, and 11124 with fully-mechanical coal mining, we built 2D similar material simulation and FLAC3D numerical simulation models to investigate the development of mining-induced stress and the extraction effect of pressure-relief gas with large height and upward mining. Based on a comprehensive analysis of experimental data and observations, we obtained the deformation and breakage characteristics of strata overlying the coal seam, the development patterns of the mining-induced stress and fracture, and the size of the stress-relief area. The stress-relief effect was investigated and analyzed in consideration with mining height and three thick hard strata. Because of the group of three hard thick strata located in the main roof and the residual stress of mined panel 11124, the deformation, breakage, mining-induced stress and fracture development, and the stress-relief coefficient were discontinuous and asymmetrical. The breakage angle of the overlying strata, and the compressive and expansive zones of coal deformation were mainly controlled by the number, thickness, and strength of the hard stratum. Compared with the value of breakage angle derived by the traditional empirical method, the experimental value was lower than the traditional results by 3°-4°below the hard thick strata group, and by 13°-19° above the hard thick strata group. The amount of gas extracted from floor drainage roadway of B4 over 17 months was variable and the amount of gas per month differed considerably, being much smaller when panel 11223 influenced the area of the three hard thick strata. Generally, the stress-relief zone of No. 4 coal seam was small under the influence of the hard thick strata located in the main roof, which played an important role in delaying the breakage time and increasing the breakage space. In this study we gained understanding of the stress-relief mechanism influenced by the hard thick roof. The research results and engineering practice show that the main roof of the multiple hard thick strata is a critical factor in the design of panel layout and roadways for integrated coal exploitation and gas extraction, provides a theoretical basis for safe and high-efficient mining of coal resources.

On the connotation, challenge and significance of China’s “energy independence” strategy

The world’s energy is in the "third major transformation period" from fossil energy to new energy, and all countries in the world have formulated energy development strategies. Through advanced deployment, the United States is about to achieve "energy independence" relying on "unconventional oil and gas revolution". China’s energy development is faced with four challenges:(1) The population base and economic development scale determine the "totally huge amount" of energy consumption;(2) the "coal rich but oil and gas insufficient" resource structure determines the "unclean" energy consuming structure;(3) the increasing dependence on imported oil and gas determines the "unsafe" energy supply;and(4) the unconventional oil and gas endowment makes it impossible to achieve energy independence by copying the American model. From the perspective of the world energy trend and the unique situation of China’s energy, we put forward a "three-step" strategy for China to achieve "energy independence": From 2020 to 2035, "energy supply security" will be addressed by "cleaning coal, stabilizing oil and gas production and vigorously developing new alternative energy";from 2035 to 2050, the vision of "production independence" will be realized by relying on "domestic production and overseas oil and gas mining rights";from 2050 to 2100, "intelligent energy and new energy" will help China realize "energy independence". The two important signs of China’s "energy independence" are that domestic production accounts for more than 90% of the domestic consumption and clean energy production accounts for more than 70%, and energy security realizes "independence and self-control" and "long-term security". The strategic significance of "energy independence" is to ensure national energy security, drive the development of relevant major industries, achieve energy management reform, and implement the environmental protection goal of zero carbon emissions. The "energy independence" of China is a strategic mission, it might be fulfilled in the future with the growth of the state’s power, even when the domestic energy production does not catch up with the domestic consumption. Perhaps the world’s new technological revolution will exceed expectations, and China’s "energy independence" dream will eventually come true.

Status and Prospect of CTL and SNG Industry

Since the beginning of this century, revolutionary progress has been made in the understanding of resources and in the mining technologies of the oil and gas industry. Advances in petroleum engineering technology represented by horizontal wells and large-scale fracturing have promoted the scale development of low-grade and unconventional oil and gas resources. After the rapid growth of natural gas production in China for more than 10 consecutive years, the replacement of conventional natural gas resources has been weak and unconventional natural gas has become the major force for increasing production. Coal based SNG(synthetic natural gas) has also become a major competitor in the domestic market. The development of CTL(coal-toliquids) and SNG industries has brought coal resources into the oil and gas product market, expanding the concept of traditional oil and gas resources. The continuous improvement of petroleum engineering technology has promoted the development of deep underground coal gasification technology, which has given economic value to the huge amount of deep coal resources that are unable to be exploited by underground mining, and provides a tremendous resource guarantee for the sustainable development of the traditional oil and gas industry. A preliminary calculation shows that deep underground coal gasification has a competitive advantage in cost compared with high-cost, low-grade, unconventional gas and coal-based natural gas. Deep underground coal gasification is a typical cross-disciplinary and cross-sectoral sophisticated technology. Domestic oil and gas enterprises have dominant advantages in the engineering technology of this field. Further technical integration innovation and multi-industry joint research are needed to eventually realize the commercial application of this deep underground coal gasification technology.

Approach and potential of replacing oil and natural gas with coal in China

China’s fossil energy is characterized by an abundance of coal and a relative lack of oil and natural gas.Developing a strategy in which coal can replace oil and natural gas is,therefore,a necessary and practical approach to easing the excessive external dependence on oil and natural gas.Based on the perspective of energy security,this paper proposes a technical framework for defining the substitution of oil and natural gas with coal in China.In this framework,three substitution classifications and 11 industrialized technical routes are reviewed.Then,three scenarios(namely,the cautious scenario,baseline scenario,and positive scenario)are developed to estimate the potential of this strategy for 2020 and 2030.The results indicate that oil and natural gas replaced by coal will reach 67 to 81 Mt and 8.7 to 14.3 Gm^3 in 2020 and reach 93 to 138 Mt and 32.3 to 47.3 Gm^3 in 2030,respectively.By implementing this strategy,China’s external dependence on oil,natural gas,and primary energy is expected to be curbed at approximately 70%,40%,and 20%by 2030,respectively.This paper also demonstrates how coal,as a substitute for oil and natural gas,can contribute to carbon and pollution reduction and economic cost savings.It suggests a new direction for the development of the global coal industry and provides a crucial reference for energy transformation in China and other countries with similar energy situations.

Geological conditions of coal and gas(oil)-bearingbasins in China

There are various types of coal basins in China. Indosinian movement can be re- garded as their evolutionary limit, and the basins can be divided into two developmental stages, three structural patterns and two sedimentary environments. However, only those coal measure strata that have been deeply buried in the earth are possible to be converted into coal and gas (oil)-bearing basins. Among which, only part of the coal measures possess the essential geo- logical conditions to the formation of commercial humic oil. However, humic gas will be the major exploration target for natural gas in China. Among various coal basins, foreland basins have the best prospect for humic gas. Rift (faulted) basins accumulate the most abundance of humic gas, and are most favorable to generate humic oil. Craton basins have relatively low abundance of humic gas, but the evolution is rather great. The three kinds of coal basins mentioned above constitute China’s three primary accumulation areas of humic gas: western, central and offshore areas. The major basins for humic gas field exploration include Tarim, Ordos, Sichuan, East China Sea and Yingqiong basins.

煤与油气协调开采物理相似模拟研究

针对煤与油气协调开采中,煤层开发扰动油气圈闭层稳定性及油气井筒的问题,利用二维模拟试验开展了煤与油气开采地层响应规律研究;采用“先油气后煤炭”的开采工序,得到了煤与油气各覆岩层的应力演化、破断变形特征及油气井筒变形破坏规律。研究结果表明:若油气层高强度抽采至采收完毕,模型整体结构未出现明显扰动,仅层间岩层局部存在应力集中现象,而此时对煤层进行开采会对下方200 m处油气层产生一定扰动;采动初期,油气层采收边界上方应力不断上升,煤层底板存在应力传递现象,煤层顶板无明显应力变化,初次扰动范围为100 m,二次扰动范围为75 m;当进入充分采动阶段,油气层采收边界上方应力集中沿水平向右侧偏移,煤层底板相继经历应力集中-卸压的过程,层间岩层结构趋于稳定,岩层运移程度逐渐向煤层顶部附近岩层转移,说明煤层采动作用在叠置资源协调开采过程中对整体岩层稳定性影响程度较大,应着重关注煤层开采对煤与油气协调开采中的影响;覆岩内井筒主要破坏模式为剪切变形破坏,位于工作面中心处的井筒下侧则发生拉伸-剪切变形破坏,应着重关注工作面中心处的井筒防护。

Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of HFC-134a production from natural gas compared with oil-based and coal-based production

China is the largest producer and consumer of HFC-134a(1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane)in the world.Coal-based route is mainly adopted to produce HFC-134a,which suffers from large waste and CO_(2) emissions.Natural gas is a low-carbon and clean energy resource,and no research has been found on the environment and economy of producing HFC-134a from natural gas.In this study,CML 2001 method was used to carry out the life cycle assessment of natural gas(partial oxidation)-based and natural gas(plasma cracking)-based routes(abbreviated as gas(O)-based and gas(P)-based routes,respectively),and their environmental performances were compared with coal-based and oil-based routes.Meanwhile,considering that China is vigorously promoting the transformation of energy structure,and the application of electric heating equipment to replace fossil-based heating equipment in industrial field,which has a great impact on the environmental performance of the production processes,the authors conducted a scenario analysis.The results showed that the gas(O)-based route had the most favourable environmental benefits.However,the gas(P)-based route had the highest potential for reducing environmental burdens,and its environmental benefit was the most favourable in scenario 2050.Additionally,the economic performance of the gas(P)-based route was significantly better than that of gas(O)-based and coal-based routes.

Thermal physical applications of carbon dioxide:Recent progress,challenges and perspective

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is one of the main factors contributing to the greenhouse effect.The dependence on fossil fuels has led to increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere every year.And it is far from enough to solve the climate problem by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels to cut down carbon dioxide emissions.In recent years,a series of researches on Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)have been carried out in various countries around the world.CO_(2) is a nontoxic,tasteless and stable gas at normal temperature.However,when it reaches supercritical state after rising temperature and pressure,it has the characteristics of low viscosity,high diffusivity and high density,and is widely used in green,pollution-free and efficient development technology.Because of these unique properties,supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))has attracted more and more attention from researchers.sCO_(2) has been widely used in many aspects by virtue of its high solubility and easy compression.Different from previous reviews which only introduced the application of sCO_(2) property,this paper introduces the current research status of the application of the thermodynamic property of carbon dioxide in extraction,dyeing,pharmaceutical,power generation,heat transfer and exploitation of unconventional oil and gas,and mainly analyzes each application in detail from the aspects of working mechanism and improving working efficiency.Finally,the research direction and problems needed to be solved for the application of CO_(2) thermal physics are proposed,which pave the way for other new applications.

Theory, Technology and Practice of Unconventional Petroleum Geology

0 INTRODUCTION The breakthroughs in unconventional petroleum have a great impact on world petroleum industry and innovation in petroleum geology(Dou et al,2022;Jia,2017;Zou et al.,2015b,2014a;Yerkin,2012;Pollastro,2007;Schmoker,1995).The exploration and development evolution from conventional petroleum to unconventional petroleum and more and more frequent industrial activities of exploring petroleum inside sources kitchen have deepened theoretical understanding of unconventional petroleum geology and promoted technical research and development(Jia et al.,2021,2017;Jin et al.,2021;Zhao W Z et al.,2020;Ma Y S et al.,2018,2012;Zou et al.,2018b,2016,2009;Dai et al.,2012).We have introduced and extended the theory of continuous hydrocarbon accumulation since 2008 and published several papers/books(in Chinese and English)with respect to unconventional petroleum geology since 2009,basically forming the theoretical framework for this discipline(Yang et al.,2022a,2021a,2019a,,2015a;Zou et al.,2019c,2017b,2014a,,2013a).In this paper,we present the background of unconventional petroleum geology,review the latest theoretical and technological progress in unconventional petroleum geology,introduce relevant thinking and practices in China,and explore the pathway of unconventional petroleum revolution and multi-energy coordinated development in super energy basins,hopefully to promote the unconventional petroleum geology and industry development.

富油煤的油气资源属性与绿色低碳开发

黄河中上游是国家大型煤炭基地集中分布区,也是我国富油煤的主要生产区。受我国“缺油、少气、相对富煤”资源禀赋特点的制约,煤炭安全绿色开采,清洁低碳利用已成为保障国家能源安全的重大需求。实现黄河流域富油煤开发与生态环境保护协调发展,对缓解我国油气供应紧张、保障能源战略安全具有重要的科学价值和现实意义。富油煤是集煤油气属性为一体的煤炭资源,其油气潜力、特殊性、关键地质问题亟需研究,绿色低碳化开发技术亟待探索。①富油煤主要赋存于中低阶煤类中,主要特点是富含较多富氢结构;在隔绝空气加热时,可生成油、气和半焦。半焦主要成分为固定碳,与无烟煤相近;气体的主要成分是CH_(4),H_(2),CO等,可以作为燃料气和原料气;油为煤焦油,类似于重质石油,可通过前处理、加氢精制和加氢催化裂化工艺等达到清洁燃料油标准;②富氢结构是富油煤具有油气资源属性的物质基础,研究富氢结构的岩石学、沉积学特征及变化规律,分析富氢结构物质来源、沉积转化、变质演化、聚集规律及地质驱动机制,是构建富油煤预测模式与评价理论的基础;③梯级利用和原位热解是富油煤绿色低碳开发的重要途径。富油煤地面热解-气化一体化、热解-化工-发电一体化技术可以实现清洁高效利用,井下原位热解有望破解清洁低碳利用的难题。其中,矿井式原位热解技术通过井巷工程布置方式,利用井下巷道开展煤层分割、保温封闭,通过煤层原位加热实现井下热解生产油气;钻孔式原位热解技术通过注热孔加热和油气抽采孔回收油气,也可借助人工辅助造缝,实现加热回收油气。将富油煤作为煤基油气资源管理和开发,是新时代煤炭工业高质量发展的重要方向。