We propose a modified thermal oxidation method in which an Al2O3 capping layer is used as an oxygen blocking layer （OBL） to form an ultrathin GeOx interracial layer, and obtain a superior Al2O3/GeOx/Ge gate stack. T...We propose a modified thermal oxidation method in which an Al2O3 capping layer is used as an oxygen blocking layer （OBL） to form an ultrathin GeOx interracial layer, and obtain a superior Al2O3/GeOx/Ge gate stack. The GeOx interfacial layer is formed in oxidation reaction by oxygen passing through the Al2O3 OBL, in which theAl2O3 layer could restrain the oxygen diffusion and suppress the GeO desorption during thermal treatment. The thickness of the GeOx interfacial layer would dramatically decrease as the thickness of Al2O3 OBL increases, which is beneficial to achieving an ultrathin GeOx interfacial layer to satisfy the demand for small equivalent oxide thickness （EOT）. In addition, the thickness of the GeOx interfacial layer has little influence on the passivation effect of the Al2O3/Ge interface. Ge （100） p-channel metal- oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors （pMOSFETs） using the Al2O3/GeOx/Ge gate stacks exhibit excellent electrical characteristics; that is, a drain current on-off （Ionloft） ratio of above 1 104, a subthreshold slope of - 120 mV/dec, and a peak hole mobility of 265 cm2/V.s are achieved.展开更多
Analysis of the Si and AI phases in coal gangue fuel and its ash is important for use of coal gangue ashes. A comprehensive study by theoretical and experimental analyses with differential thermal analysis, X-ray diff...Analysis of the Si and AI phases in coal gangue fuel and its ash is important for use of coal gangue ashes. A comprehensive study by theoretical and experimental analyses with differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy has been made in the present article to explore the diagram of the Si and Al phases in coal gangue fuel and its ashes. It is found that kaolinite and quartz are the main phases in coal gangue fuel. The ratio of moles A1203 to SiO2 （i.e., Al2O3 （mole） / SiO2 （mole）） is usually no more than 0.5 in most coal gangue fuel and its ashes. The kaolinit at about 984℃ releases a large quantity of SiO2, which makes calcine coal gangue more active than coal gangue itself. The relationship between the ratio A1203 （mole）]SiO2（mole）and the components of coal gangue ash is analyzed, resulting in a formula to calculate the quantity of each phase. Applying the formula to the testing samples from an electric plant in north China supports the above conclusions.展开更多
Coal fly ash is an industrial by-product generated during the combustion of coal for energy production. Due to the increasing annual consumption of coal power and the serious potential environmental threats of coal fl...Coal fly ash is an industrial by-product generated during the combustion of coal for energy production. Due to the increasing annual consumption of coal power and the serious potential environmental threats of coal fly ash, a considerable amount of research on the utilization of coal fly ash has been undertaken worldwide. Vitrification seems to be one of the most promising options for reusing this industrial waste. This paper presents a short overview of the production of unique high performance glass-ceramics using coal fly ash as a raw material. A detailed description of the methodologies for the synthesis of glass-ceramics from coal fly ash and the principal crystal phases, corresponding property and possible usage of those materials are introduced. Investigations revealed that converting coal fly ash into high performance glass-ceramic materials is a promising new approach to improve the utilization of this industrial by-product. This conversion not only alleviates the problems with disposal but also converts a waste material into a high value-added marketable commodity.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2011CBA00605 and 2011CBA00607)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61204103)the National Science & Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2011ZX02708-003)
文摘We propose a modified thermal oxidation method in which an Al2O3 capping layer is used as an oxygen blocking layer （OBL） to form an ultrathin GeOx interracial layer, and obtain a superior Al2O3/GeOx/Ge gate stack. The GeOx interfacial layer is formed in oxidation reaction by oxygen passing through the Al2O3 OBL, in which theAl2O3 layer could restrain the oxygen diffusion and suppress the GeO desorption during thermal treatment. The thickness of the GeOx interfacial layer would dramatically decrease as the thickness of Al2O3 OBL increases, which is beneficial to achieving an ultrathin GeOx interfacial layer to satisfy the demand for small equivalent oxide thickness （EOT）. In addition, the thickness of the GeOx interfacial layer has little influence on the passivation effect of the Al2O3/Ge interface. Ge （100） p-channel metal- oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors （pMOSFETs） using the Al2O3/GeOx/Ge gate stacks exhibit excellent electrical characteristics; that is, a drain current on-off （Ionloft） ratio of above 1 104, a subthreshold slope of - 120 mV/dec, and a peak hole mobility of 265 cm2/V.s are achieved.
基金part of a key project carried out during 2006-2008supported by the National Postdoct Foundation of China (No.20070420417)the Project of the Yunxi Corporation (2007-13A)
文摘Analysis of the Si and AI phases in coal gangue fuel and its ash is important for use of coal gangue ashes. A comprehensive study by theoretical and experimental analyses with differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy has been made in the present article to explore the diagram of the Si and Al phases in coal gangue fuel and its ashes. It is found that kaolinite and quartz are the main phases in coal gangue fuel. The ratio of moles A1203 to SiO2 （i.e., Al2O3 （mole） / SiO2 （mole）） is usually no more than 0.5 in most coal gangue fuel and its ashes. The kaolinit at about 984℃ releases a large quantity of SiO2, which makes calcine coal gangue more active than coal gangue itself. The relationship between the ratio A1203 （mole）]SiO2（mole）and the components of coal gangue ash is analyzed, resulting in a formula to calculate the quantity of each phase. Applying the formula to the testing samples from an electric plant in north China supports the above conclusions.
基金financial support of the project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, China (No. 51172016)
文摘Coal fly ash is an industrial by-product generated during the combustion of coal for energy production. Due to the increasing annual consumption of coal power and the serious potential environmental threats of coal fly ash, a considerable amount of research on the utilization of coal fly ash has been undertaken worldwide. Vitrification seems to be one of the most promising options for reusing this industrial waste. This paper presents a short overview of the production of unique high performance glass-ceramics using coal fly ash as a raw material. A detailed description of the methodologies for the synthesis of glass-ceramics from coal fly ash and the principal crystal phases, corresponding property and possible usage of those materials are introduced. Investigations revealed that converting coal fly ash into high performance glass-ceramic materials is a promising new approach to improve the utilization of this industrial by-product. This conversion not only alleviates the problems with disposal but also converts a waste material into a high value-added marketable commodity.
