The prediction of gas emissions arising from underground coal mining has been the subject of extensive research for several decades, however calculation techniques remain empirically based and are hence limited to the...The prediction of gas emissions arising from underground coal mining has been the subject of extensive research for several decades, however calculation techniques remain empirically based and are hence limited to the origin of calculation in both application and resolution. Quantification and management of risk associated with sudden gas release during mining(outbursts) and accumulation of noxious or combustible gases within the mining environment is reliant on such predictions, and unexplained variation correctly requires conservative management practices in response to risk. Over 2500 gas core samples from two southern Sydney basin mines producing metallurgical coal from the Bulli seam have been analysed in various geospatial context including relationships to hydrological features and geological structures. The results suggest variability and limitations associated with the present traditional approaches to gas emission prediction and design of gas management practices may be addressed using predictions derived from improved spatial datasets, and analysis techniques incorporating fundamental physical and energy related principles.展开更多
Underground coal mining is one of the most dangerous occupations throughout the world.The reasons behind an underground occupational accident are too complex to analyze mainly due to many uncertainties which may arise...Underground coal mining is one of the most dangerous occupations throughout the world.The reasons behind an underground occupational accident are too complex to analyze mainly due to many uncertainties which may arise from geological,operational conditions of the mine or individual characteristics of employees.This study proposes implementing a quantitative methodology for the analysis and assessment of hazards associated with occupational accidents.The application of the proposed approach is performed on the mines of Turkish Hard Coal Enterprises(TTK).The accidents in TTK between the years 2000 and 2014 are firstly statistically analyzed with respect to the number,type and location of accidents,age,experience,education level and main duty of the casualties and also injuries resulting from such accidents.The hazards are classified as individual,operational and locational hazards and quantified using contingency tables,conditional and total probability theorems.Lower and upper boundaries of hazards are determined and event trees for each hazard class are prepared.Total hazard evaluation results show that Armutcuk,Karadon and Uzulmez mines have relatively high hazard levels while Amasra and Kozlu mines have relatively lower hazard values.展开更多
Single-feature methods are unable to effectively track a target in an underground coal mine video due to the high background noise, low and uneven illumination, and drastic light fluctuation in the video. In this stud...Single-feature methods are unable to effectively track a target in an underground coal mine video due to the high background noise, low and uneven illumination, and drastic light fluctuation in the video. In this study, we propose an underground coal mine personnel target tracking method using multi-feature joint sparse representation. First, with a particle filter framework, the global and local multiple features of the target template and candidate particles are extracted. Second, each of the candidate particles is sparsely represented by a dictionary template, and reconstruction is achieved after solving the sparse coefficient. Last, the particle with the lowest reconstruction error is deemed the tracking result. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we compare the proposed method with three commonly employed tracking algorithms. The results show that the proposed method is able to reliably track the target in various scenarios, such as occlusion and illumination change, which generates better tracking results and validates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper presents results of an experimental study to characterize the law of mineral change of fallen rock in coal mine groundwater reservoir ant its influence on water quality.The minerals of the underground reser...This paper presents results of an experimental study to characterize the law of mineral change of fallen rock in coal mine groundwater reservoir ant its influence on water quality.The minerals of the underground reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine is taken as the research object.Simulation experiments were designed and conducted to simulate water–rock action in the laboratory.The mineral composition was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD),the surface morphology of the mineral was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the specific surface area,total pore volume and average pore diameter of the mineral were measured by fast specific surface/pore analyzer(BET).The experimental results show that the sandstone and mudstone in the groundwater reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine account for 70%and 30%,respectively.The pore diameter is 15.62–17.55 nm,and pore volume is 0.035 cc/g.Its pore structure is a key factor in the occurrence of water–rock interaction.According to the water–rock simulation experiment,the quartz content before the water–rock action is about 34.28%,the albite is about 21.84%,the feldspar is about 17.48%,and the kaolinite is about 8.00%.After the water–rock action,they are 36.14%,17.78%,11.62%,and 16.75%,respectively.The content of albite and orthoclase is reduced while the content of kaolinite is increased,that is,the Na+content becomes higher,and the Ca2+and Mg2+contents become lower.This research builds a good theoretical foundation for revealing the role of water and rock in underground coal reservoirs.展开更多
Coal burst is the violent failure of overstressed coal, and it is often accompanied by sound, coal ejection and seismic events. It is subsequently recognized as a serious safety risk of Australia after double fataliti...Coal burst is the violent failure of overstressed coal, and it is often accompanied by sound, coal ejection and seismic events. It is subsequently recognized as a serious safety risk of Australia after double fatalities coal burst happened at Austar Coal Mine. Considering the increasing trend of coal burst severity and frequency with mining depth, it is an urgent task to develop the coal burst risk assessment methods for Australia underground coal mines. Coal burst propensity index method is a widely used method of burst risk evaluation of coal as it is summed up from the coal burst research and practice of many countries.This paper presents the experimental and theoretical research of coal burst propensity index method for coal burst risk assessment in Australia. The definition of four indexes including elastic strain energy index(W_(ET)), bursting energy index(K_E), dynamic failure time(DT) and uniaxial compression strength(RC)is introduced in the first part. Then, the standard laboratory test process and test parameter of coal burst propensity index is presented. DT test is conducted with 0.3 mm/min displacement control loading rate while other test is with 0.5 mm/min. Besides, modified data processing and risk classification method of test are proposed. Differentiate analysis of stress-strain curve is adopted in the data processing of DT and KEindex. A four level risk classification form of burst risk is recommended for Australian underground coal mines. Finally, two likely improvement methods of W_(ET) test, including volumetric strain indicator method and theoretical calculation method, are discussed.展开更多
煤矿智能化的重大需求对煤矿井下移动机器人智能感知提出了更高的要求,视觉同时定位与建图(Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,VSLAM)是煤矿机器人智能感知的关键技术。然而,煤矿井下存在非结构化环境特征、纹理弱、光照不...煤矿智能化的重大需求对煤矿井下移动机器人智能感知提出了更高的要求,视觉同时定位与建图(Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,VSLAM)是煤矿机器人智能感知的关键技术。然而,煤矿井下存在非结构化环境特征、纹理弱、光照不均匀、空间狭小等问题,现有依赖启发式阈值进行关键帧选取的方法无法满足煤矿下视觉SLAM的定位与建图需求。为此,提出一种煤矿井下多重约束的视觉SLAM关键帧选取方法,实现了煤矿井下移动机器人实时稳健的位姿估计,并为煤矿井下数字孪生提供数据基础。首先,提出的方法根据几何结构约束,采用自适应阈值取代静态启发式阈值进行关键帧选取,以实现视觉SLAM关键帧选取的有效性和鲁棒性。其次,通过重心平衡原则对有效特征点分布进行均匀化处理,以进一步确保视觉SLAM关键帧选取的稳定性以及创建地图点的稠密性和准确性。最后,利用航向角阈值对转向处做进一步约束,降低视角突变对视觉SLAM精度的影响。为验证本文方法的有效性,利用自主搭建的移动机器人数据采集平台在室内场景及煤矿井下分别进行了实验,并从绝对轨迹误差(Absolute Trajectory Error,ATE)和均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)等方面进行了定量和定性评价。结果表明:相比于启发式视觉SLAM关键帧选取方法,提出的方法在室内场景中轨迹RMSE提高了29%,在煤矿井下环境中轨迹RMSE提高了44%,具有较高的鲁棒性、定位精度和全局一致的建图效果。展开更多
基金support of the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarshipgratefully acknowledge the direct financial support of Me Cee Solutions Pty Ltd
文摘The prediction of gas emissions arising from underground coal mining has been the subject of extensive research for several decades, however calculation techniques remain empirically based and are hence limited to the origin of calculation in both application and resolution. Quantification and management of risk associated with sudden gas release during mining(outbursts) and accumulation of noxious or combustible gases within the mining environment is reliant on such predictions, and unexplained variation correctly requires conservative management practices in response to risk. Over 2500 gas core samples from two southern Sydney basin mines producing metallurgical coal from the Bulli seam have been analysed in various geospatial context including relationships to hydrological features and geological structures. The results suggest variability and limitations associated with the present traditional approaches to gas emission prediction and design of gas management practices may be addressed using predictions derived from improved spatial datasets, and analysis techniques incorporating fundamental physical and energy related principles.
文摘Underground coal mining is one of the most dangerous occupations throughout the world.The reasons behind an underground occupational accident are too complex to analyze mainly due to many uncertainties which may arise from geological,operational conditions of the mine or individual characteristics of employees.This study proposes implementing a quantitative methodology for the analysis and assessment of hazards associated with occupational accidents.The application of the proposed approach is performed on the mines of Turkish Hard Coal Enterprises(TTK).The accidents in TTK between the years 2000 and 2014 are firstly statistically analyzed with respect to the number,type and location of accidents,age,experience,education level and main duty of the casualties and also injuries resulting from such accidents.The hazards are classified as individual,operational and locational hazards and quantified using contingency tables,conditional and total probability theorems.Lower and upper boundaries of hazards are determined and event trees for each hazard class are prepared.Total hazard evaluation results show that Armutcuk,Karadon and Uzulmez mines have relatively high hazard levels while Amasra and Kozlu mines have relatively lower hazard values.
文摘Single-feature methods are unable to effectively track a target in an underground coal mine video due to the high background noise, low and uneven illumination, and drastic light fluctuation in the video. In this study, we propose an underground coal mine personnel target tracking method using multi-feature joint sparse representation. First, with a particle filter framework, the global and local multiple features of the target template and candidate particles are extracted. Second, each of the candidate particles is sparsely represented by a dictionary template, and reconstruction is achieved after solving the sparse coefficient. Last, the particle with the lowest reconstruction error is deemed the tracking result. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we compare the proposed method with three commonly employed tracking algorithms. The results show that the proposed method is able to reliably track the target in various scenarios, such as occlusion and illumination change, which generates better tracking results and validates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金This work was co-supported by the Yue Qi Young Scholar Project,China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing(2019QN08)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0406404)+2 种基金Research on Ecological Restoration and Protection of Coal Base in Arid Eco-fragile Region(GJNY2030XDXM-19-03.2)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020YJSHH12)the scientific and technological innovation project of Shenhua Group(SHJT-16-28).
文摘This paper presents results of an experimental study to characterize the law of mineral change of fallen rock in coal mine groundwater reservoir ant its influence on water quality.The minerals of the underground reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine is taken as the research object.Simulation experiments were designed and conducted to simulate water–rock action in the laboratory.The mineral composition was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD),the surface morphology of the mineral was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the specific surface area,total pore volume and average pore diameter of the mineral were measured by fast specific surface/pore analyzer(BET).The experimental results show that the sandstone and mudstone in the groundwater reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine account for 70%and 30%,respectively.The pore diameter is 15.62–17.55 nm,and pore volume is 0.035 cc/g.Its pore structure is a key factor in the occurrence of water–rock interaction.According to the water–rock simulation experiment,the quartz content before the water–rock action is about 34.28%,the albite is about 21.84%,the feldspar is about 17.48%,and the kaolinite is about 8.00%.After the water–rock action,they are 36.14%,17.78%,11.62%,and 16.75%,respectively.The content of albite and orthoclase is reduced while the content of kaolinite is increased,that is,the Na+content becomes higher,and the Ca2+and Mg2+contents become lower.This research builds a good theoretical foundation for revealing the role of water and rock in underground coal reservoirs.
基金the funding provided by China Scholarship Council (No.201606420052)the International Postgraduate Tuition Award (IPTA) of University of Wollongong
文摘Coal burst is the violent failure of overstressed coal, and it is often accompanied by sound, coal ejection and seismic events. It is subsequently recognized as a serious safety risk of Australia after double fatalities coal burst happened at Austar Coal Mine. Considering the increasing trend of coal burst severity and frequency with mining depth, it is an urgent task to develop the coal burst risk assessment methods for Australia underground coal mines. Coal burst propensity index method is a widely used method of burst risk evaluation of coal as it is summed up from the coal burst research and practice of many countries.This paper presents the experimental and theoretical research of coal burst propensity index method for coal burst risk assessment in Australia. The definition of four indexes including elastic strain energy index(W_(ET)), bursting energy index(K_E), dynamic failure time(DT) and uniaxial compression strength(RC)is introduced in the first part. Then, the standard laboratory test process and test parameter of coal burst propensity index is presented. DT test is conducted with 0.3 mm/min displacement control loading rate while other test is with 0.5 mm/min. Besides, modified data processing and risk classification method of test are proposed. Differentiate analysis of stress-strain curve is adopted in the data processing of DT and KEindex. A four level risk classification form of burst risk is recommended for Australian underground coal mines. Finally, two likely improvement methods of W_(ET) test, including volumetric strain indicator method and theoretical calculation method, are discussed.
文摘煤矿智能化的重大需求对煤矿井下移动机器人智能感知提出了更高的要求,视觉同时定位与建图(Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,VSLAM)是煤矿机器人智能感知的关键技术。然而,煤矿井下存在非结构化环境特征、纹理弱、光照不均匀、空间狭小等问题,现有依赖启发式阈值进行关键帧选取的方法无法满足煤矿下视觉SLAM的定位与建图需求。为此,提出一种煤矿井下多重约束的视觉SLAM关键帧选取方法,实现了煤矿井下移动机器人实时稳健的位姿估计,并为煤矿井下数字孪生提供数据基础。首先,提出的方法根据几何结构约束,采用自适应阈值取代静态启发式阈值进行关键帧选取,以实现视觉SLAM关键帧选取的有效性和鲁棒性。其次,通过重心平衡原则对有效特征点分布进行均匀化处理,以进一步确保视觉SLAM关键帧选取的稳定性以及创建地图点的稠密性和准确性。最后,利用航向角阈值对转向处做进一步约束,降低视角突变对视觉SLAM精度的影响。为验证本文方法的有效性,利用自主搭建的移动机器人数据采集平台在室内场景及煤矿井下分别进行了实验,并从绝对轨迹误差(Absolute Trajectory Error,ATE)和均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)等方面进行了定量和定性评价。结果表明:相比于启发式视觉SLAM关键帧选取方法,提出的方法在室内场景中轨迹RMSE提高了29%,在煤矿井下环境中轨迹RMSE提高了44%,具有较高的鲁棒性、定位精度和全局一致的建图效果。