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瓢虫(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)幼虫分类研究 1.六种瓢虫幼虫特征描述 被引量:1
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作者 贺春贵 魏建华 《甘肃农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 1990年第2期170-177,共8页
本文首次形态描述了采自中国陕西南部六种瓢虫幼虫:中国双七瓢虫Coccinulla sinensis (Weise),十二斑巧瓢虫Oenopia bissexnotata (Mulsant),黄缘巧瓢虫Oenopia sauzeti Mulsant,角异瓢虫Hippodamia (Asemiadalia) potanini (Weise),华... 本文首次形态描述了采自中国陕西南部六种瓢虫幼虫:中国双七瓢虫Coccinulla sinensis (Weise),十二斑巧瓢虫Oenopia bissexnotata (Mulsant),黄缘巧瓢虫Oenopia sauzeti Mulsant,角异瓢虫Hippodamia (Asemiadalia) potanini (Weise),华裸瓢虫Calvia chinensis (Mulsant),白条菌瓢虫Macroileis hauseri (Mader)。 展开更多
关键词 瓢虫 幼虫 形态 分类
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The Effectiveness of Coccinellids as Natural Enemies of Aphids in Maize, Beans and Cowpeas Intercrop
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作者 Robert W. Nyukuri Stella C. Kirui +2 位作者 Fred M. E. Wanjala 1 Jared O. Odhiambo Evelyne Cheramgoi 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2012年第8期1003-1010,共8页
A field study was conducted in Busia district of Kenya to elucidate the dynamics of ladybirds in mixed stands of maize, beans and cowpeas to determine their efficacy as sole control measures for Aphids. Maize, beans a... A field study was conducted in Busia district of Kenya to elucidate the dynamics of ladybirds in mixed stands of maize, beans and cowpeas to determine their efficacy as sole control measures for Aphids. Maize, beans and cowpeas were intercropped using conventional husbandry practices and the general Coccinellid quantified as follows: Colonies of four Coccinellids, starved for 12 hours to enhance feeding on Aphids were assessed. The effects of weather on the abundance of Coccinellids were also investigated and involved collection of meteorological data from the Busia District Agricultural Office (BDAO) and from Busia Farmers Training Centre (BFTC) and relating them to the abundance and predation values. The predator population was most abundant in the mixed stands of maize and beans (2.33 predators/30 Aphids) as compared to their occurrence in pure stands of cowpeas (0.85 predators/30 Aphids). The genus Cheilomenes spp. was the most ubiquitous predator with a mean of 4.00 individuals/30 Aphids while Hippodamia variegata was the least abundant predator species with a mean of 0.92 individuals/30 Aphids in all the agro-ecosystems. The larvae of Hippodamia variegata were the most bio-efficient, consuming 32.44 Aphids while their adults were the least bio-efficient, consuming 4.22 individuals for a period of 12 hours. The Coccinellids consumed more Aphids at higher aphid densities (24.05 Aphids) than at lower aphid densities (9.44 Aphids) over the same period of time. Rainfall and relative humidity had significant (F = 3.675; P 〈 0.05) effects on the abundance of Coccinellids. Temperature had significant (F = 3.58; P 〈 0.05) effect on the abundance of Coccinellids though at a lower level. Rainfall (r = -0.162) and relative humidity (r = - 0.084) were both inversely correlated with the abundance of Coccinellids. On the other hand, temperature was positively correlated (r = 0.159) with the prevalence of Coccinellids indicating that warmer and drier conditions favoured their multiplication. 展开更多
关键词 Efficacy coccinellidS APHIDS natural enemies ecological factors crops.
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2018-2021年湖北省恩施市烟田瓢虫、食蚜蝇数据集
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作者 王博 刘婷婷 +7 位作者 卢砚 崔文晓 程雅兰 孙文康 白薇 刘同先 夏鹏亮 冯毅 《中国科学数据(中英文网络版)》 CSCD 2024年第1期338-346,共9页
烟草是湖北省恩施市的支柱型产业,但由于近年来气候变化和农业种植规模扩大,病虫害对烟叶产量和品质的影响不断加剧。如何合理利用天敌资源是绿色防控害虫、有效减少农药负面影响的关键。瓢虫和食蚜蝇作为当地重要的天敌资源,对害虫的... 烟草是湖北省恩施市的支柱型产业,但由于近年来气候变化和农业种植规模扩大,病虫害对烟叶产量和品质的影响不断加剧。如何合理利用天敌资源是绿色防控害虫、有效减少农药负面影响的关键。瓢虫和食蚜蝇作为当地重要的天敌资源,对害虫的自然防控具有很大的潜力。为明确恩施瓢虫和食蚜蝇资源种类以及种群发生动态,文章收集了2018年末至2021年末湖北恩施烟田天敌昆虫资源数据,所有数据均来自5张马氏网定点监测。本文共收集捕食性瓢虫标本1079头,食蚜蝇标本4286头。其中瓢虫26种,有20种鉴定到种,6种鉴定到属;食蚜蝇23种,其中18种鉴定到种,5种鉴定到属。天敌昆虫筛检及鉴定均由专业人员完成,保证了数据质量。本数据集提供了地方瓢虫和食蚜蝇天敌种类、数量、物种不同部位照片以及标本瓶照片,可为烟田害虫综合防治和天敌资源利用提供理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 烟田 瓢虫 食蚜蝇 马氏网法 恩施
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Life history and life table analysis of the whitefly predator Delphastus catalinae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on collards 被引量:1
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作者 TONG-XIANLIU 《Insect Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第2期129-135,共7页
The ladybeetle, Delphastus catalinae (Horn), is one of the most commonly usedpredacious natural enemies being commercially reared for controlling whiteflies, including Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (= B. argenti... The ladybeetle, Delphastus catalinae (Horn), is one of the most commonly usedpredacious natural enemies being commercially reared for controlling whiteflies, including Bemisiatabaci (Gennadius) biotype B (= B. argentifolii Bellows and Perring), on various ornamental andvegetable crops under greenhouse conditions. The development, survivorship, and fecundity of D.catalinae feeding on B. tabaci biotype B on collard plants were determined in the laboratory, andthe age-specific life table parameters were analyzed based on the life history data. Developmentaltime was 4.0,1.9,1.1,1.4,5.2, and 5.3 days for eggs, first, second, third, fourth instars, andpupae, respectively, with an average of 18.9 days from oviposition to adult emergence for bothsexes, 19.0 days for females, and 18.8 days for males. Adult longevities averaged 146.6 days forboth sexes, 122.6 days for females, and 170.5 days for males. After an average 4.9 dayspreoviposition period, females laid a mean of 5.6 eggs per day over a 97.0-day period. Netreproductive rate (R_0) and gross reproductive rate (Σm_x) were estimated by life table analysis at276.8 and 325.1, respectively. Generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were 35.6 and 4.8 daysrespectively, and the intrinsic rate of natural population increase (r_m) was estimated at 0.158, orl= 1.171 for the finite rate of increase. The r_m value of D. catalinae is similar to or higherthan those of the whitefly feeding on most vegetable and ornamental crops, indicating that theladybeetle is capable of regulating populations of B. tabaci biotype B and other whiteflies undergreenhouse conditions. 展开更多
关键词 coccinellidS WHITEFLIES biological control greenhouse life table PREDATION
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FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE AND PLANT PREFERENCE OF NEPHASPIS OCULATUS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE), PREYING ON BEMISIA ARGENTIFOLII (HOMOPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) IN THE LABORATORY
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作者 刘同先 Philip A.Stansly 《Entomologia Sinica》 CSCD 2002年第1期1-9,共9页
The predatory behavior and functional response of all larval stages and adults of Nephaspis oculatus (Blatchley), a predacious coccinellid, on various egg densities of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perrin... The predatory behavior and functional response of all larval stages and adults of Nephaspis oculatus (Blatchley), a predacious coccinellid, on various egg densities of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, and prey preference of adult N. oculatus, were studied in the laboratory. Daily consumption of eggs of B. argentifolii by N. oculatus was evaluated at six different densities to obtain functional response curves for all active stages of the coccinellid. Bemisia argentifolii eggs were offered to N. oculatus on collard leaf disks in Petri dish arenas over a 24\|h period at 26 7 2℃ and a photoperiod of 14∶10 (L∶D) h. Linear relationships were observed between percentage prey consumed and prey density, with r 2 values between 0 82-0 99 for all stages except for the fourth instar that had a smaller r 2 value (0 64). Functional response curves of prey consumption by N. oculatus against density of B. argentifolii eggs fitted the type II model of Holling's disc equation for all larval stages and both the male and female adults. Adult females consumed more prey than adult males. The maximum theoretical number of prey consumed per day increased with larval development. The fourth instar was the most effective larval predator, followed by the third instar, the second instar, and finally, the first instar. Based on the functional response parameters, a maximum of 321, 312, 237, 229, 73, and 34 B. argentifolii eggs could be attacked by an adult female, a fourth instar, an adult male, a third instar, a second instar, and a first instar of N. oculatus, respectively. Nephaspis oculatus adults strongly preferred collard to tomato, soybean, eggplant or sweetpotato for oviposition and foraging. Nephaspis oculatus did not deposit any eggs on soybean and tomato. 展开更多
关键词 biological control coccinellid functional response PREDATION whiteflie
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瓢虫的集团内捕食作用 被引量:11
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作者 杨帆 王倩 +1 位作者 陆宴辉 徐建祥 《中国生物防治学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2014年第2期253-259,共7页
本文综述了近年来对不同种类瓢虫之间、瓢虫与其他天敌之间集团内捕食作用的研究进展,阐述了影响瓢虫集团内捕食作用的关键因素,探讨了集团内捕食对害虫生物防治的影响。综述为我国进行瓢虫集团内捕食作用评估、农田景观多样性对集团内... 本文综述了近年来对不同种类瓢虫之间、瓢虫与其他天敌之间集团内捕食作用的研究进展,阐述了影响瓢虫集团内捕食作用的关键因素,探讨了集团内捕食对害虫生物防治的影响。综述为我国进行瓢虫集团内捕食作用评估、农田景观多样性对集团内捕食作用的影响机制研究以及田间瓢虫与其他天敌协同利用措施的研发提供科学参考。 展开更多
关键词 瓢虫 集团内捕食作用 生物防治
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植物提取物和常用药剂对蚜虫重要天敌瓢虫孵化、存活和捕食效能的影响 被引量:10
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作者 周琼 梁广文 +1 位作者 曾玲 岑伊静 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第12期2736-2740,共5页
为解决目前化学合成杀虫剂长期大量使用所带来的“3R”问题 ,有必要从对人畜无毒或低毒、对害虫天敌安全的植物和其它天然产物中筛选与环境相容性好的物质作为害虫控制的手段。已经从 63种植物中筛选出两种对蔬菜蚜虫有较好控制作用的... 为解决目前化学合成杀虫剂长期大量使用所带来的“3R”问题 ,有必要从对人畜无毒或低毒、对害虫天敌安全的植物和其它天然产物中筛选与环境相容性好的物质作为害虫控制的手段。已经从 63种植物中筛选出两种对蔬菜蚜虫有较好控制作用的植物苍耳 Xanthium sibiricum Petr.et Widd.和白蝴蝶Syngonium podophyllum Schott。报道该两种植物乙醇提取物以及几种常用天然源药剂 (鱼藤酮精、机油乳剂和 0 .3%印楝素乳油 )对深圳菜区蚜虫重要天敌瓢虫 (六斑月瓢虫 Menochilussexmaculata( Fabricius)和狭臀瓢虫 Coccinella trasversalis Fabricius)的影响。结果表明 ,两种植物提取物 ( 0 .0 4 g DW/ml)对所测试瓢虫的孵化、存活和捕食效能与对照之间在 0 .0 1或 0 .0 5水平均无显著差异 ,表明两种植物提取物对瓢虫安全、无明显毒性。而鱼藤酮精 ( 80 0× )、机油乳剂 ( 4 0 0× )和 0 .3%印楝素乳油 ( 2 0 0 0× )在所测试的浓度对瓢虫卵的毒性较强 ,瓢虫卵的孵化率明显降低 ,仅有对照瓢虫卵孵化率的 7.74%~ 1 4.31 % ,因此应避免在田间瓢虫大量产卵的季节使用。苍耳和白蝴蝶提取物对蚜虫的重要天敌瓢虫没有负面影响 ,可以考虑作为保护十字花科蔬菜免遭蚜虫危害的植物保护剂配方。 展开更多
关键词 植物提取物 药剂 蚜虫 瓢虫 存活 孵化 捕食效能 植物保护剂
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有益瓢虫的生防利用研究概述 被引量:19
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作者 荆英 黄建 黄蓬英 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2002年第4期299-303,共5页
对国内近三十年来有所研究报道的有益瓢虫的种类、防治对象及分布作一综述,有益瓢虫共有51种,其中3种为国外引进种,48种为国内所有种,除一种为菌食性外,其余均为捕食性,所取食的害虫种类大多数为介壳虫、蚜虫、螨类、粉虱,极少数种类取... 对国内近三十年来有所研究报道的有益瓢虫的种类、防治对象及分布作一综述,有益瓢虫共有51种,其中3种为国外引进种,48种为国内所有种,除一种为菌食性外,其余均为捕食性,所取食的害虫种类大多数为介壳虫、蚜虫、螨类、粉虱,极少数种类取食叶甲、木虱、飞虱若虫、叶蝉若虫等。 展开更多
关键词 瓢虫 生物防治 引种 应用 品种资源
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瓢虫干标本基因组DNA的提取及RAPD分析 被引量:13
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作者 张迎春 郑哲民 《西北大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1999年第6期581-583,共3页
实验对保存多年的瓢虫干标本进行了基因组 DNA提取和 RAPD-PCR扩增。结果显示 DNA分子的提取与保存年代长短无直接关系;RAPD-PCR增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,分子量大小约为 1984bp~630bp;不同种... 实验对保存多年的瓢虫干标本进行了基因组 DNA提取和 RAPD-PCR扩增。结果显示 DNA分子的提取与保存年代长短无直接关系;RAPD-PCR增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,分子量大小约为 1984bp~630bp;不同种瓢虫的 DNA用同一引物,扩增片段是多态表现,同一种瓢虫的干标本保存时间虽不同,但扩增产物中均具有相同的DNA片段。 展开更多
关键词 瓢虫 干标本 RAPD-PCR DNA 基因组
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内蒙古高原瓢虫的研究 Ⅱ、阿拉善地区瓢虫科(Cocinellidae)昆虫调查 被引量:2
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作者 刘永江 乌宁 照日格图 《干旱区资源与环境》 CSCD 1997年第2期99-103,共5页
从整理1984—1993年累积的阿拉善地区的瓢虫标本中,发现本地区瓢虫科昆虫棣属3亚科11属、18种。其中广布种3种、荒漠地区特有种3—5种、该地区常见种6种;种类贫泛、数量少、分布不均一,是区系的突出特点,特殊的生... 从整理1984—1993年累积的阿拉善地区的瓢虫标本中,发现本地区瓢虫科昆虫棣属3亚科11属、18种。其中广布种3种、荒漠地区特有种3—5种、该地区常见种6种;种类贫泛、数量少、分布不均一,是区系的突出特点,特殊的生态适应性决定了阿拉善瓢虫区系在内蒙高原所处的特殊地位。文中重点计论了三个种的生态地理分布。 展开更多
关键词 阿拉善旗 荒漠 生态 内蒙古 瓢虫科 地理分布
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捕食性瓢虫的利用 被引量:21
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作者 庞虹 《昆虫天敌》 CSCD 1996年第4期30-36,共7页
瓢虫在生物防治发展历史中占据着重要的地位,Coppel和Martins(1977)在《害虫生物抑制》一书中,把1888年作为害虫防治早期历史与中期历史的分界。这是由于1888年美国加利福尼亚州自澳大利亚移殖澳洲瓢虫防... 瓢虫在生物防治发展历史中占据着重要的地位,Coppel和Martins(1977)在《害虫生物抑制》一书中,把1888年作为害虫防治早期历史与中期历史的分界。这是由于1888年美国加利福尼亚州自澳大利亚移殖澳洲瓢虫防治吹绵蚧获得成功,使引进天敌防治害虫成为一项重要措施,在害虫防治研究中更加重视天敌的作用,推动着生物防治工作的开展。本文介绍了捕食性瓢虫的种类及区系分布,捕食性瓢虫的输引情况,总结了瓢虫人工繁殖以及捕食性瓢虫的利用研究概况。 展开更多
关键词 捕食性 瓢虫 昆虫天敌 人工繁殖 散放利用
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几种瓢虫的卵黄蛋白抗原同源性及亚基结构的研究 被引量:1
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作者 沈志成 胡萃 龚和 《浙江农业大学学报》 CSCD 1990年第4期352-356,共5页
免疫交叉反应结果表明,瓢虫亚科中龟纹瓢虫、异色瓢虫、七星瓢虫和展缘异点瓢虫四种不同属的瓢虫的卵黄蛋白之间有轻度的免疫交叉反应,而它们的抗体与盔唇瓢虫亚科的红点唇瓢虫和植食瓢虫亚科的马铃薯瓢虫的卵黄蛋白没有交叉反应。卵黄... 免疫交叉反应结果表明,瓢虫亚科中龟纹瓢虫、异色瓢虫、七星瓢虫和展缘异点瓢虫四种不同属的瓢虫的卵黄蛋白之间有轻度的免疫交叉反应,而它们的抗体与盔唇瓢虫亚科的红点唇瓢虫和植食瓢虫亚科的马铃薯瓢虫的卵黄蛋白没有交叉反应。卵黄蛋白的多肽组成,龟纹瓢虫和异色瓢虫均与七星瓢虫十分相似,都由四种亚单位,大小分别二类亚基组成。龟纹瓢虫四种亚单位的分子量分别为13×10~4,12.8×10~4,4.6×10~4和4.3×10~4道尔顿;异色瓢虫为13×10~4,12.7×10~4,4.3×10~4和,4×10~4道尔顿。初步认为瓢虫科中各个种的卵黄蛋白多肽组成十分相似,但同源性差异明显,且差异程度与分类上的亲缘关系有关。 展开更多
关键词 瓢虫 卵黄蛋白 抗原 亚基结构
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Studies on the Biology and Predatory Potential of <i>Harmonia dimidiata</i>, a Major Predator of <i>Aphis pomi</i>De Geer on Apple Host in India
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作者 Meena Kumari 《Advances in Entomology》 2018年第2期170-175,共6页
Observations were made on young nursery plants and apple orchards to record the coccinellid predators of Aphis pomi De Geer on apple plants in Himachal Pradesh which is main apple growing state of India. Nine species ... Observations were made on young nursery plants and apple orchards to record the coccinellid predators of Aphis pomi De Geer on apple plants in Himachal Pradesh which is main apple growing state of India. Nine species of lady bird beetles were observed feeding on green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer on the apple nursery plants of Mashobra locality of Shimla district and Ner Chowk locality of Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh, India. On the basis of general observations, it was found that the larvae of beetle Harmonia dimidiata (F.), are very active to feed on the nymphs of green apple aphid. Therefore, it was considered worthwhile to investigate the biology and feeding potential of this beetle on green apple aphid from biological control point of view. 展开更多
关键词 Green APPLE Aphid Aphis pomi DE Geer coccinellid Predators Biological Control APPLE HOST
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天水果园瓢虫资源调查初报 被引量:2
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作者 杨吉祥 刘学哥 +3 位作者 杨安顺 马德彪 王耀峰 王小银 《甘肃林业科技》 2002年第4期22-24,共3页
记录了采自天水市果园瓢虫 2 0种 ,并记述了采集地的海拔、寄主、种群数量多少和国内外分布 ,其中
关键词 天水市 果园 瓢虫资源 调查 新记录 甘肃
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捕食性瓢虫的体型大小影响其偏好捕食防御性强的猎物吗?(英文) 被引量:2
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作者 Priya PATEL Bhupendra KUMAR Dinesh KUMAR 《昆虫学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第6期704-711,共8页
【目的】尽管瓢虫表现出种间和种内特异性体型大小的变异,但是瓢虫体型大小的变异是否会改变其选择捕食防御性强(即表现出各种防御反应,包括积极躲避捕食、挣脱捕食者或频繁利用防御性化学物质)的猎物,这一问题尚不清楚。本研究中,我们... 【目的】尽管瓢虫表现出种间和种内特异性体型大小的变异,但是瓢虫体型大小的变异是否会改变其选择捕食防御性强(即表现出各种防御反应,包括积极躲避捕食、挣脱捕食者或频繁利用防御性化学物质)的猎物,这一问题尚不清楚。本研究中,我们假设不论体型大小,捕食性瓢虫七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata(L.)和六斑月瓢虫Menochilus sexmaculatus(Fab.)都将增加其对猎物萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)的捕食,只要猎物处于防御性强的龄期,原因是处于防御性强的龄期的猎物体型大且更有活力。【方法】我们将萝卜蚜4龄若虫期作为防御性强的龄期,将2龄若虫期作为防御性弱的龄期,评价七星瓢虫和六斑月瓢虫这两种瓢虫的大型和小型变异体对萝卜蚜的偏好性。【结果】结果表明,六斑月瓢虫的大型和小型雌性变异体更多地捕食防御性弱的萝卜蚜,而七星瓢虫的大型和小型雌性变异体分别对防御性强和防御性弱的萝卜蚜捕食较多。在混合饲料上,七星瓢虫雌性变异体对两类蚜虫的捕食百分比相似,而六斑月瓢虫变异体对防御性弱的萝卜蚜的捕食百分比较高。尽管随着七星瓢虫雌虫体型的增大而对两类猎物的捕食增多,但随着六斑月瓢虫雌虫体型的增大,只对防御性强的蚜虫的捕食量增加。【结论】本研究结果与我们的假设相反,并证明了:(1)小型瓢虫更多地只是捕食防御性弱的猎物,而大型瓢虫选择性地捕食防御性强的猎物;(2)在瓢虫种内和种间,随着捕食者体型的增大,对防御性强的猎物的偏好性增加。可将这些结果用于瓢虫的室内大规模饲养,以提高对萝卜蚜的生物防治。 展开更多
关键词 七星瓢虫 六斑月瓢虫 萝卜蚜 瓢虫 蚜虫 生物防治 警戒信号
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水杨酸甲酯和寡糖·链蛋白对麦蚜和瓢虫的生态作用
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作者 刘佳惠 王康 +2 位作者 战一迪 曹跃文 刘勇 《植物保护》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第5期186-192,210,共8页
为研发小麦蚜虫绿色防控新技术,比较了虫害诱导植物挥发物水杨酸甲酯海藻酸钠缓释球(MeSA)和植物免疫激发子寡糖·链蛋白(OAP)以及二者共同处理对麦蚜及其天敌瓢虫种群动态和数量的影响。结果表明:水杨酸甲酯、寡糖·链蛋白和2... 为研发小麦蚜虫绿色防控新技术,比较了虫害诱导植物挥发物水杨酸甲酯海藻酸钠缓释球(MeSA)和植物免疫激发子寡糖·链蛋白(OAP)以及二者共同处理对麦蚜及其天敌瓢虫种群动态和数量的影响。结果表明:水杨酸甲酯、寡糖·链蛋白和2者共同处理对麦蚜以及瓢虫的种群发生趋势无影响,但可以显著降低麦蚜无翅蚜的种群数量;3种处理中水杨酸甲酯对瓢虫有极显著吸引效果;不同处理对有翅蚜数量的影响存在一定的差异,在2018年3种处理均可以显著降低麦蚜有翅蚜的数量,而2019年OAP及其与MeSA混合处理可显著降低有翅蚜数量,提高小麦的产量。本研究结果可为我国冬小麦生产中增产、减药提供一定的依据。 展开更多
关键词 虫害诱导植物挥发物 植物免疫激发子 麦蚜 瓢虫 生态作用 产量
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2018—2021年云南楚雄地区云南红梨等作物上瓢虫数据集 被引量:1
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作者 张文明 黄传涛 +4 位作者 孙永海 侯开雄 鲁敏 王文静 飞从志 《农业大数据学报》 2022年第4期87-93,共7页
云南省地处低纬高原,拥有丰富的生物多样性,堪称世界生物的标本库。楚雄州地处滇中腹地,位于滇南热区和滇西北高寒区生物交汇带,气候类型独特,囊括了从寒温带到热带7个农业气候类型,农业资源丰富,生物多样性程度高,优异天敌资源的储备... 云南省地处低纬高原,拥有丰富的生物多样性,堪称世界生物的标本库。楚雄州地处滇中腹地,位于滇南热区和滇西北高寒区生物交汇带,气候类型独特,囊括了从寒温带到热带7个农业气候类型,农业资源丰富,生物多样性程度高,优异天敌资源的储备富足。瓢虫作为云南地区重要天敌资源之一,在害虫生物防治领域有着巨大潜力。目前对楚雄农田环境中瓢虫等天敌资源的调查报道较少。文章研究从2018年起,连续4年对当地红梨园中的瓢虫发生情况进行监测,同时记录生境情况。通过人工调查与马来氏网收集昆虫相结合的方法,收集鉴定瓢虫共16个属30多个种。文章数据集提供了地方瓢虫资源的基础数据,为分析当地瓢虫的多样性、种群动态和发生规律提供依据,为有效利用当地农田天敌瓢虫的资源提供了支持。 展开更多
关键词 天敌 瓢虫资源 生物多样性 楚雄
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Botanicals, selective insecticides, and predators to control Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in citrus orchards 被引量:2
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作者 Azhar A. Khan Muhammad Afzal +2 位作者 Jawwad A. Qureshi Arif M. Khan Abubakar M. Raza 《Insect Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第6期717-726,共10页
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama vectors pathogens that cause huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening devastating and economically im- portant disease present in most citrus growing regions.... The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri Kuwayama vectors pathogens that cause huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening devastating and economically im- portant disease present in most citrus growing regions. Young citrus shoots are required for psyllid reproduction and development. During winter citrus trees produce little or no new growth. Overwintering adults reproduce in spring on newly emerging shoots also attractive to other pests and beneficial insects. Botanicals and relatively selective insecti- cides could help to conserve beneficial insects and reduce pest resistance to insecticides. Sprays of Azadirachtin (Neem), Tropane (Datura), Spirotetramat, Spinetoram, and broad- spectrum Imidacloprid were evaluated to control ACP in spring and summer on 10-year-old "Kinow" Citrus reticulata Blanco trees producing new growth. Psyllid populations were high averaging 5-9 nymphs or adults per sample before treatment application. Nymphs or adults were significantly reduced to 0.5-1.5 per sample in all treatments for 3 weeks, aver- age 61%-83% reduction. No significant reduction in ladybeetles Adalia bipunctata, Ane- glei scardoni, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, and Coccinella septempunctata was observed. Syrphids, spiders and green lacewings were reduced in treated trees except with Tropane. Studies are warranted to assess impact of these predators on ACP and interaction with insecticides. Observed reduction in ACP populations may not be enough considering its reproductive potential and role in the spread of HLB. Follow-up sprays may be required to achieve additional suppression using rotations of different insecticides. 展开更多
关键词 Asian citrus psyllid BIOPESTICIDES coccinellidS HUANGLONGBING predators
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Functional response of the ladybird, Cydonia vicina nilotica to cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora in the laboratory 被引量:2
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作者 NASSER SAID MANDOUR NESREN ABDEL-SALLAM EL-BASHA TONG-XIAN LIU 《Insect Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第1期49-54,共6页
The functional response of Cydonia vicina nilotica Muls. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to six densities of Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) nymphs on broad bean (Viciafaba Linn.) was investigated in ... The functional response of Cydonia vicina nilotica Muls. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to six densities of Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) nymphs on broad bean (Viciafaba Linn.) was investigated in the laboratory. A linear relationship between the rate of consumption and prey density was observed with r^2 values between 0.58 and 0.97. Plotting prey density against prey killed by four larval instars, and adult males and females of C. vicina nilotica fit well with the type Ⅱ model of Holling' s disc equation. Adult females consumed the highest number of prey, followed by fourth instars and adult males. Based on the functional response data, the model predicts a maximum of 144.9, 116.3, 86.2, 80.0, 72.5 and 20.0 nymphs to be consumed per day by an individual adult female, fourth instar, adult male, third, second and first instars, respectively. The differences in the responses of the predator to aphid densities are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Aphis craccivora coccinellidS Cydonia vicina nilotica functional response predation
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Use of ryegrass strips to enhance biological control of aphids by ladybirds in wheat fields 被引量:2
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作者 Zhao-Ke Dong Feng-Juan Gao Run-Zhi Zhang 《Insect Science》 CAS CSCD 2012年第4期529-534,共6页
Non-crop habitats may play a vital role in conservation biological control. This study tested the effect of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) strips on aphid and la- dybird populations in adjacent winter wheat fields... Non-crop habitats may play a vital role in conservation biological control. This study tested the effect of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) strips on aphid and la- dybird populations in adjacent winter wheat fields. The field experiment was conducted in three ryegrass-margin wheat plots and three control plots in 2010 in North China. In spring, the same aphid species, Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi), was found in both the ryegrass strips and wheat plots. The population density of ladybirds in the ryegrass strips (3.5 4- 0.9/m2) was significantly higher than in the wheat plots (1.5 4- 0.5/m2). We cut the ryegrass, forcing the ladybirds to migrate to the wheat fields. Three and eight days after cutting the ryegrass, the aphid numbers in the ryegrass-margin wheat plots decreased significantly: they were 19.9% and 53.6%, respectively, lower than in control plots. In the early period of ladybird population development, the percentage of larvae was greater in the ryegrass-margin wheat plots than in controls, and the peak number of pupae in the ryegrass-margin wheat plots occurred 5 days earlier than in the control plots. The results suggest that ryegrass strips may promote the development of ladybird populations. Cutting ryegrass can manipulate ladybirds to enhance biological aphid control in wheat fields. The efficiency of this management approach is discussed. 展开更多
关键词 coccinellidS habitat management natural enemies non-crop habitat
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