根据第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP)多媒体广播多播业务(Multimedia B ro adc ast/M u lticas t S erv ice,M BM S)标准提出了一种改进的Ra pto r码译码算法。该算法与3G PP译码算法的不同之处有三个部分...根据第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP)多媒体广播多播业务(Multimedia B ro adc ast/M u lticas t S erv ice,M BM S)标准提出了一种改进的Ra pto r码译码算法。该算法与3G PP译码算法的不同之处有三个部分,前两处是对译码步骤的某些部分进行了修改,使得译码时间缩短;另一处是在3GPP方案中,一旦译码失败则必须接收新的编码符号重新开始,但文章提出的算法只需对新的编码符号做一些简单操作即可继续译码直至成功。因此,该算法大量减小了冗余的计算,提高了译码的效率,同时又具有和原算法一致的译码性能。展开更多
A deterministic approach to building energy simulation risks the omission of real-world uncertainties leading to prediction errors.This paper highlights limitations of this approach by contrasting it with a probabilis...A deterministic approach to building energy simulation risks the omission of real-world uncertainties leading to prediction errors.This paper highlights limitations of this approach by contrasting it with a probabilistic uncertainty/sensitivity simulation approach.Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)generates 15000 unique model configurations to assess the effects of weather,physical and operational uncertainties on the annual and peak cooling energy demands for a residential building which situated in a hot and dry climatic region.Probabilistic simulations predicted 0.22–2.17 and 0.45–1.62 times variation in annual and peak cooling energy demands,respectively,compared to deterministic simulation.A novel density-based global sensitivity analysis(SA),i.e.,PAWN,is adopted to identify dominant input uncertainties.Unlike traditional SA methods,PAWN allows simultaneous treatment of continuous and categorical inputs from a generic input-output sample.PAWN is favourable when computational resources are limited and model outputs are skewed or multi-modal.For annual and peak cooling demands,the effects of weather and operational parameters associated with airconditioner and window operation are much stronger than these of other parameters considered.Consequently,these parameters warrant greater attention during modelling and simulation stages.Bootstrapping and convergence analysis also confirm the validity of these results.展开更多
文摘根据第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP)多媒体广播多播业务(Multimedia B ro adc ast/M u lticas t S erv ice,M BM S)标准提出了一种改进的Ra pto r码译码算法。该算法与3G PP译码算法的不同之处有三个部分,前两处是对译码步骤的某些部分进行了修改,使得译码时间缩短;另一处是在3GPP方案中,一旦译码失败则必须接收新的编码符号重新开始,但文章提出的算法只需对新的编码符号做一些简单操作即可继续译码直至成功。因此,该算法大量减小了冗余的计算,提高了译码的效率,同时又具有和原算法一致的译码性能。
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the funding received from the Department of Science and Technology,Government of India(DST/TMD/UKBEE/2017/17)Projects:Zero Peak Energy Demand for India(ZED-I)and Engineering and Physics Research Council EPSRC(EP/R008612/1).
文摘A deterministic approach to building energy simulation risks the omission of real-world uncertainties leading to prediction errors.This paper highlights limitations of this approach by contrasting it with a probabilistic uncertainty/sensitivity simulation approach.Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)generates 15000 unique model configurations to assess the effects of weather,physical and operational uncertainties on the annual and peak cooling energy demands for a residential building which situated in a hot and dry climatic region.Probabilistic simulations predicted 0.22–2.17 and 0.45–1.62 times variation in annual and peak cooling energy demands,respectively,compared to deterministic simulation.A novel density-based global sensitivity analysis(SA),i.e.,PAWN,is adopted to identify dominant input uncertainties.Unlike traditional SA methods,PAWN allows simultaneous treatment of continuous and categorical inputs from a generic input-output sample.PAWN is favourable when computational resources are limited and model outputs are skewed or multi-modal.For annual and peak cooling demands,the effects of weather and operational parameters associated with airconditioner and window operation are much stronger than these of other parameters considered.Consequently,these parameters warrant greater attention during modelling and simulation stages.Bootstrapping and convergence analysis also confirm the validity of these results.
