In order to make most software engineers and managers pay more attention to software quality at source level, two confusing terms-coding standard and programming style-were reviewed and compared. An evolutionary model...In order to make most software engineers and managers pay more attention to software quality at source level, two confusing terms-coding standard and programming style-were reviewed and compared. An evolutionary model of quality assurance at source code level was proposed, which implies that coding standard should be better accepted and more emphasized than programming style. Our current researches on evaluating the compliance with coding standards will likely make the strategy of quality assurance at source code level more operable.展开更多
This papcr presents a comparison between the Chinese Code GB50011-2001 and the International Standard ISO3010:2001(E),emphasizing the similarities and differences related to design requirements,seismic actions and ana...This papcr presents a comparison between the Chinese Code GB50011-2001 and the International Standard ISO3010:2001(E),emphasizing the similarities and differences related to design requirements,seismic actions and analytical approaches.Similarities include:earthquake return period,conceptual design,site classification,structural strength and ductility requirements,deformation limits,response spectra,seismic analysis procedures,isolation and energy dissipation, and nonstructural elements.Differences exist in the following areas:seismic levels,earthquake loading,mode damping factors and structural control.展开更多
This paper analyses the current common problems of material code standardization in the implementation of MRP Ⅱ, and puts forward the basic ideas and methods for solving the problems, which has some reference value ...This paper analyses the current common problems of material code standardization in the implementation of MRP Ⅱ, and puts forward the basic ideas and methods for solving the problems, which has some reference value for the popularization of application o展开更多
Audio Video Coding Standard （AVS） is a second-generation source coding standard and the first standard for audio and video coding in China with independent intellectual property rights. Its performance has reached t...Audio Video Coding Standard （AVS） is a second-generation source coding standard and the first standard for audio and video coding in China with independent intellectual property rights. Its performance has reached the international standard. Its coding efficiency is 2 to 3 times greater than that of MPEG -2. This technical solution is more simple, and it can greatly save channel resource. After more than ten years＇ development, AVS has achieved great success. The latest version of the AVS audio coding standard is ongoing and mainly aims at the increasing demand for low bitrate and high quality audio services. The paper reviews the history and recent development of AVS audio coding standard in terms of basic features, key techniques and performance. Finally, the future development of AVS audio coding standard is discussed.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a new method for very low bit-rate video coding that combines H.264/AVC standard and two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. In this method, first a two dimensional wavelet transform is a...In this paper, we propose a new method for very low bit-rate video coding that combines H.264/AVC standard and two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. In this method, first a two dimensional wavelet transform is applied on each video frame independently to extract the low frequency components for each frame and then the low frequency parts of all frames are coded using H.264/AVC codec. On the other hand, the high frequency parts of the video frames are coded by Run Length Coding algorithm, after applying a threshold to neglect the low value coefficients. Experiments show that our proposed method can achieve better rate-distortion performance at very low bit-rate applications below 16 kbits/s compared to applying H.264/AVC standard directly to all frames. Applications of our proposed video coding technique include video telephony, video-conferencing, transmitting or receiving video over half-rate traffic channels of GSM networks.展开更多
In this paper we present a motion compensation (MC) design for the newest Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) of China. Because of compression-efficient techniques of variable block size (VBS) and sub-pixel interpolatio...In this paper we present a motion compensation (MC) design for the newest Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) of China. Because of compression-efficient techniques of variable block size (VBS) and sub-pixel interpolation, intensive pixel calculation and huge memory access are required. We propose a parallel serial filtering mixed luma interpolation data flow and a three-stage multiplication free chroma interpolation scheme. Compared to the conventional designs, the integrated architecture supports about 2.7 times filtering throughput. The proposed MC design utilizes Vertical Z processing order for reference data re-use and saves up to 30% memory bandwidth. The whole design requires 44.3k gates when synthesized at 108 MHz clock frequency using 0.18-μm CMOS technology and can support up to 1920×1088@30 fps AVS HDTV video decoding.展开更多
Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) is the latest audio and video coding standard of China. AVS Part 7 (also known as AVS-M) targets mobility applications where error concealment is of great importance. This paper first...Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) is the latest audio and video coding standard of China. AVS Part 7 (also known as AVS-M) targets mobility applications where error concealment is of great importance. This paper first briefly introduces the general concept of error concealment. Then two error concealment schemes are proposed and implemented on AVS-M decoder under different test conditions. Simulation results of the schemes and suggestions on how to use these tools are also provided.展开更多
Block matching has been used for motion estimation and motion compensation in the Au- dio and Video Standard (AVS) for years. While having an acceptable performance in describing mo- tion between frames, it requires q...Block matching has been used for motion estimation and motion compensation in the Au- dio and Video Standard (AVS) for years. While having an acceptable performance in describing mo- tion between frames, it requires quite a few bits to represent the motion vectors. In certain circum- stances, the use of global motion estimation and compensation would perform equally well or even better than the block matching in terms of motion accuracy, while it results in the coding of global motion model parameters. In this letter, we modify an AVS coder by adding (1) six global motion model parameters to the frame header, and (2) mode selection among INTRA, SKIP, INTER-16×16, INTER-16×8, INTER-8×16, INTER-8×8, and Global Motion Compensation (GMC) modes by La- grange optimal rate-distortion criteria. Simulation results demonstrate that over 0.1dB improvement in PSNR is obtained compared to the AVS coder for an average coded P-frame with the same bit- rate.展开更多
Building Code is a legal document that provides a minimum level of safety and health for the constructions to make the public live in safe buildings. People recognize the importance of constructing the buildings in sa...Building Code is a legal document that provides a minimum level of safety and health for the constructions to make the public live in safe buildings. People recognize the importance of constructing the buildings in safe conditions, since the dawn of civilization. Many countries around the world were facing different kind of disasters such as fires, earthquakes, etc. These disasters made builders develop methods for safe construction to avoid any disaster. Later, these developments became codes and standards. Since the middle of the last century many countries established its local codes. This research represented a review of the importance of the codes with a short history for them. Furthermore, reviews for some national codes (Egyptian, Syrian and Arabia Saudi) were done as well as comparison between load’s correction factors, geotechnical requirements and materials used in concrete. Most of the national codes were highly based on the ACI, British and Germany codes and standards. In addition, a review and comparison were presented for International codes (American (ACI) and European (EC)) through a case study. EC code is becoming more common for the world. Eurocode gives more flexibility to the user to employ their own standards (national annex). To find the best suitable foundation design to be used in Iraq and the differences when using the American and European codes, a building model was designed and analyzed using STAAD Pro., and SAFE softwares for three locations (Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah). The combination loads used in the two softwares were for ACI and EC codes. Results obtained were very similar. The type of foundation to be chosen for Mosul location is spread or continuous. For Baghdad location the suitable type is raft and for Basrah the choice is raft and piles. In view of the fact that Iraq has no national code, engineers and designers were depending on the ACI and British codes and standards. It is very important to have an Iraqi code because it will improve the quality and safety of the design and construction of buildings as well as its economic value.展开更多
This paper briefly introduces the development process,technical content and focus of ISO/TS 7352,Freight Container-NFC or/and QR code seals,which is a project carried out by East China Normal University and submitted ...This paper briefly introduces the development process,technical content and focus of ISO/TS 7352,Freight Container-NFC or/and QR code seals,which is a project carried out by East China Normal University and submitted through Standardization Administration of China(SAC).The successful development of this technical specification will greatly enhance container identification and communication technology.展开更多
Nowadays video coding approach is a major key in many applications for easy transmission and storage consumption. The process of transformation is based on the empirical wavelet transform (EWT). The encoding process o...Nowadays video coding approach is a major key in many applications for easy transmission and storage consumption. The process of transformation is based on the empirical wavelet transform (EWT). The encoding process of video data provides secure and less consumption of storage and the reconstruction process consists of the reverse process with the extraction. In this paper, the coding of video is carried out at a very low bit rate with the enhancement of performance by proposing an approach of modified Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Tree (MSPIHT). This method encodes the high frequency frames with the scheduling of wavelet transform for efficient performances of encoding and improves the ability of both the frequency and time. By applying empirical wavelet transform on each video frame, the component of video frequency is extracted and the low frequency frame is encoded by the H.264/AVC standard. The low coefficient values are ignored in applying the threshold and in the reconstruction process, HBLPCE method is used for imaging enhancement. The simulation of the proposed approach analysis shows better performance in reliable process and efficiency when compared to existing.展开更多
This paper defines the complete Chinese characters set and expounds the necessity of the design of the internal code for the set.Then,article offers two kinds of internal codes(the CNCC code and TTB code) with their d...This paper defines the complete Chinese characters set and expounds the necessity of the design of the internal code for the set.Then,article offers two kinds of internal codes(the CNCC code and TTB code) with their definitions and their performances Finally,the paper discusses the techniques of implementing these eodes,including the trandsforming system kernel,Chinese-English compatible sceen-display and screen-deiting.展开更多
文摘In order to make most software engineers and managers pay more attention to software quality at source level, two confusing terms-coding standard and programming style-were reviewed and compared. An evolutionary model of quality assurance at source code level was proposed, which implies that coding standard should be better accepted and more emphasized than programming style. Our current researches on evaluating the compliance with coding standards will likely make the strategy of quality assurance at source code level more operable.
文摘This papcr presents a comparison between the Chinese Code GB50011-2001 and the International Standard ISO3010:2001(E),emphasizing the similarities and differences related to design requirements,seismic actions and analytical approaches.Similarities include:earthquake return period,conceptual design,site classification,structural strength and ductility requirements,deformation limits,response spectra,seismic analysis procedures,isolation and energy dissipation, and nonstructural elements.Differences exist in the following areas:seismic levels,earthquake loading,mode damping factors and structural control.
文摘This paper analyses the current common problems of material code standardization in the implementation of MRP Ⅱ, and puts forward the basic ideas and methods for solving the problems, which has some reference value for the popularization of application o
文摘Audio Video Coding Standard （AVS） is a second-generation source coding standard and the first standard for audio and video coding in China with independent intellectual property rights. Its performance has reached the international standard. Its coding efficiency is 2 to 3 times greater than that of MPEG -2. This technical solution is more simple, and it can greatly save channel resource. After more than ten years＇ development, AVS has achieved great success. The latest version of the AVS audio coding standard is ongoing and mainly aims at the increasing demand for low bitrate and high quality audio services. The paper reviews the history and recent development of AVS audio coding standard in terms of basic features, key techniques and performance. Finally, the future development of AVS audio coding standard is discussed.
文摘In this paper, we propose a new method for very low bit-rate video coding that combines H.264/AVC standard and two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. In this method, first a two dimensional wavelet transform is applied on each video frame independently to extract the low frequency components for each frame and then the low frequency parts of all frames are coded using H.264/AVC codec. On the other hand, the high frequency parts of the video frames are coded by Run Length Coding algorithm, after applying a threshold to neglect the low value coefficients. Experiments show that our proposed method can achieve better rate-distortion performance at very low bit-rate applications below 16 kbits/s compared to applying H.264/AVC standard directly to all frames. Applications of our proposed video coding technique include video telephony, video-conferencing, transmitting or receiving video over half-rate traffic channels of GSM networks.
基金(No. Y106574) supported by the Natural Science Foundationof Zhejiang Province, China
文摘In this paper we present a motion compensation (MC) design for the newest Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) of China. Because of compression-efficient techniques of variable block size (VBS) and sub-pixel interpolation, intensive pixel calculation and huge memory access are required. We propose a parallel serial filtering mixed luma interpolation data flow and a three-stage multiplication free chroma interpolation scheme. Compared to the conventional designs, the integrated architecture supports about 2.7 times filtering throughput. The proposed MC design utilizes Vertical Z processing order for reference data re-use and saves up to 30% memory bandwidth. The whole design requires 44.3k gates when synthesized at 108 MHz clock frequency using 0.18-μm CMOS technology and can support up to 1920×1088@30 fps AVS HDTV video decoding.
基金Project (No. 60333020) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Audio Video coding Standard (AVS) is the latest audio and video coding standard of China. AVS Part 7 (also known as AVS-M) targets mobility applications where error concealment is of great importance. This paper first briefly introduces the general concept of error concealment. Then two error concealment schemes are proposed and implemented on AVS-M decoder under different test conditions. Simulation results of the schemes and suggestions on how to use these tools are also provided.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60673092)Natural science Foundation of Ji-angsu Province (No.BK2003029)the Key Laboratory Project of Information Science & Engineering of Railway of the Ministry of Railways, China (No.TDXX0501).
文摘Block matching has been used for motion estimation and motion compensation in the Au- dio and Video Standard (AVS) for years. While having an acceptable performance in describing mo- tion between frames, it requires quite a few bits to represent the motion vectors. In certain circum- stances, the use of global motion estimation and compensation would perform equally well or even better than the block matching in terms of motion accuracy, while it results in the coding of global motion model parameters. In this letter, we modify an AVS coder by adding (1) six global motion model parameters to the frame header, and (2) mode selection among INTRA, SKIP, INTER-16×16, INTER-16×8, INTER-8×16, INTER-8×8, and Global Motion Compensation (GMC) modes by La- grange optimal rate-distortion criteria. Simulation results demonstrate that over 0.1dB improvement in PSNR is obtained compared to the AVS coder for an average coded P-frame with the same bit- rate.
文摘Building Code is a legal document that provides a minimum level of safety and health for the constructions to make the public live in safe buildings. People recognize the importance of constructing the buildings in safe conditions, since the dawn of civilization. Many countries around the world were facing different kind of disasters such as fires, earthquakes, etc. These disasters made builders develop methods for safe construction to avoid any disaster. Later, these developments became codes and standards. Since the middle of the last century many countries established its local codes. This research represented a review of the importance of the codes with a short history for them. Furthermore, reviews for some national codes (Egyptian, Syrian and Arabia Saudi) were done as well as comparison between load’s correction factors, geotechnical requirements and materials used in concrete. Most of the national codes were highly based on the ACI, British and Germany codes and standards. In addition, a review and comparison were presented for International codes (American (ACI) and European (EC)) through a case study. EC code is becoming more common for the world. Eurocode gives more flexibility to the user to employ their own standards (national annex). To find the best suitable foundation design to be used in Iraq and the differences when using the American and European codes, a building model was designed and analyzed using STAAD Pro., and SAFE softwares for three locations (Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah). The combination loads used in the two softwares were for ACI and EC codes. Results obtained were very similar. The type of foundation to be chosen for Mosul location is spread or continuous. For Baghdad location the suitable type is raft and for Basrah the choice is raft and piles. In view of the fact that Iraq has no national code, engineers and designers were depending on the ACI and British codes and standards. It is very important to have an Iraqi code because it will improve the quality and safety of the design and construction of buildings as well as its economic value.
基金financially supported by the“Technological Innovation Action Plan”Technical Standards Project of Shanghai Municipality(20DZ2205300)
文摘This paper briefly introduces the development process,technical content and focus of ISO/TS 7352,Freight Container-NFC or/and QR code seals,which is a project carried out by East China Normal University and submitted through Standardization Administration of China(SAC).The successful development of this technical specification will greatly enhance container identification and communication technology.
文摘Nowadays video coding approach is a major key in many applications for easy transmission and storage consumption. The process of transformation is based on the empirical wavelet transform (EWT). The encoding process of video data provides secure and less consumption of storage and the reconstruction process consists of the reverse process with the extraction. In this paper, the coding of video is carried out at a very low bit rate with the enhancement of performance by proposing an approach of modified Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Tree (MSPIHT). This method encodes the high frequency frames with the scheduling of wavelet transform for efficient performances of encoding and improves the ability of both the frequency and time. By applying empirical wavelet transform on each video frame, the component of video frequency is extracted and the low frequency frame is encoded by the H.264/AVC standard. The low coefficient values are ignored in applying the threshold and in the reconstruction process, HBLPCE method is used for imaging enhancement. The simulation of the proposed approach analysis shows better performance in reliable process and efficiency when compared to existing.
文摘This paper defines the complete Chinese characters set and expounds the necessity of the design of the internal code for the set.Then,article offers two kinds of internal codes(the CNCC code and TTB code) with their definitions and their performances Finally,the paper discusses the techniques of implementing these eodes,including the trandsforming system kernel,Chinese-English compatible sceen-display and screen-deiting.
