Research on Spatial Optimization Level Strategy of Beijing Historical Blocks Based on Tourists’Cognitive Evaluation

Tourists,as the main beneficiary of historical block protection and tourism development,are considered qualified to speak on the matter of the preservation of space quality and regional characteristics.The study established a questionnaire using semantic analysis to investigate and evaluate tourists’ perspective of various spatial elements in Beijing’s three historical blocks.Factor analysis and IPA method was introduced to explore how various spatial elements affected the overall environmental perception of tourists.Based on the relative importance of spatial elements,suggestions for optimizing the space of historical blocks were proposed.The study found that:①The overall evaluation of various spatial elements of the historical block was relatively positive,and only the "environmental atmosphere" was closer to the negative evaluation,indicating that most tourists think the environment was too noisy;②All spatial elements can be classified into three indicators:"visual experience","street form" and "perception of regional characteristics";③Landscape planting and space interface needed to be improved first,followed by ground pavement,traffic organization,and advertisement signboard.The research provides a theoretical foundation for reducing the damage caused by improper tourism development behaviors,further improving the spatial quality of historical blocks,and enhancing tourists’ satisfaction of the historical environment.

Evaluating user cognition of network diagrams

Edges crossing and nodes overlapping have a significant effect on the users’recognition and comprehension of network diagrams.In this study,we propose a visual evaluation method for users’cognition of network diagrams.First,this method carries out a set of cognitive experiments to collect the user’s cognitive performance that affects the variables,including accuracy and response time.The user’s pupil diameter is measured through an eye tracker to reflect their cognitive load.Second,the significance test points out the visual features as independent variables and then establishes an evaluation regression model.The experimental results show that the number of edges,edge length,node visual interference,and edge occlusion contribute to the evaluation models of response time,and edge occlusion and the number of node connections contribute to the accuracy model.Finally,these evaluation models demonstrate good predictability when assessing users’cognition of network diagrams and provide practical recommendations for their use.