Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) were collected from the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The sample - collection was made at 15 sites in 3 longitudinal transects. Although krill were encoun...Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) were collected from the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The sample - collection was made at 15 sites in 3 longitudinal transects. Although krill were encountered at 14 sites, the abundance was comparatively low in general. The main component of the krill population was of post -larval stages. The mean numerical and weight density of krill integrated for all sampling stations in the survey area were 16. 17 ind. 1000 m -3and 12.02 g 1000 m -3 , respectively. In the survey area, stations with larger krill density are mainly located in the slope zone, except that the largest sample was collected in the open sea zone. No krill occurred in the only station of the shelf zone during our investigation. Krill collected from the slope zone were under better growth condition than those from the open sea zone, but when the survey area is considered as a whole, the growth condition is normal. The results of the comprehensive analysis of the environmental factors show that the three large sample stations seem to be related with the cold water mass at 75 m depth and the confluence area between the high and low Chla centers at the depth of 25 m.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Cranial radiotherapy is clinically used in the treatment of brain tumors;however,the consequent cognitive and emotional dysfunctions seriously impair the life quality of patients.LW-AFC,an active fraction co...OBJECTIVE Cranial radiotherapy is clinically used in the treatment of brain tumors;however,the consequent cognitive and emotional dysfunctions seriously impair the life quality of patients.LW-AFC,an active fraction combination extracted from classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoction,can improve cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in many animal models;however,the protective effect of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions has not been reported.Recent studies indicate that impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis(AHN)and alterations of the neurogenic microenvironment in the hippocampus constitute critical factors in cognitive and emotional dysfunctions following cranial irradiation.Here,our research further investigated the potential protective effects and mechanisms of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in mice.METHODS LW-AFC(1.6 g·kg^(-1))was intragastrically administered to mice for 14 d before cranial irradiation(7 Gyγ-ray).AHN was examined by quantifying the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus.The contextual fear conditioning test,open field test,and tail suspension test were used to assess cognitive and emotional functions in mice.To detect the change of the neurogenic microenvironment,colorimetry and multiplex bead analysis were performed to measure the level of oxidative stress,neurotrophic and growth factors,and inflammation in the hippocampus.RESULTS LW-AFC exerted beneficial effects on the contextual fear memory,anxiety behavior,and depression behavior in irradiated mice.Moreover,LW-AFC increased the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal hippocampus,displaying a regional specificity of neurogenic response.For the neurogenic microenvironment,LW-AFC significantly increased the contents of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione,and catalase and decreased the content of malondialdehyde in the hippocampus of irradiated mice,accompanied by the increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor,insulin-like growth factor-1,and interleukin-4 content.Together,LW-AFC improved cognitive and emotional dysfunctions,promoted AHN preferentially in the dorsal hippocampus,and ameliorated disturbance in the neurogenic microenvironment in irradiated mice.CONCLUSION LW-AFC ameliorates cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions,and the underlying mechanisms are mediated by promoting AHN in the dorsal hippocampus and improving the neurogenic microenvironment.LW-AFC might be a promising therapeutic agent to treat cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in patients receiving cranial radiotherapy.展开更多
The aim of the work was confined to the investigation of the epileptic activity dynamics under conditions of extremely high frequency electromagnetic waves(EHF) radiation(7.1 mm,0.1 mW/cm2) upon focal epileptic activi...The aim of the work was confined to the investigation of the epileptic activity dynamics under conditions of extremely high frequency electromagnetic waves(EHF) radiation(7.1 mm,0.1 mW/cm2) upon focal epileptic activity,which was penicillin-induced(10 000 IU/ml) in frontal zone of the brain cortex in myorelaxed and artificially ventilated rats under acute experimental condition.It was established that preliminarily performed hypogeomagnetic period(3.0 h) with the inductivity of geomagnetic field reduction not less than by 100 times caused the intensification of antiepileptic effects of EHF(15.0 min of exposition).It was pronounced in the form of decrease of foci intensity and significant reduction of life-span of foci-up to 115.3±13.4 minutes,which was both significant when compared with separate effects of hypogeomagnetic influence(187.3±12.5 min) and EHF(15.0 minutes of exposition) effect(164.2±12.5 minutes)(P <0.05).展开更多
This work studies a mathematical model describing the static process of contact between a piezoelectric body and a thermally-electrically conductive foundation. The behavior of the material is modeled with a thermo-el...This work studies a mathematical model describing the static process of contact between a piezoelectric body and a thermally-electrically conductive foundation. The behavior of the material is modeled with a thermo-electro-elastic constitutive law. The contact is described by Signorini's conditions and Tresca's friction law including the electrical and thermal conductivity conditions. A variational formulation of the model in the form of a coupled system for displacements, electric potential, and temperature is de- rived. Existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved using the results of variational inequalities and a fixed point theorem.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of auditory hallucination of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. DATA SOURCES: O...OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of auditory hallucination of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. DATA SOURCES: Online literature retrieval was conducted using PubMed, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from January 1985 to May 2012. Key words were "transcranial magnetic stimulation", "TMS", "repetitive tran- scranial magnetic stimulation", and "hallucination". STUDY SELECTION: Selected studies were randomized controlled trials assessing therapeutic ef- ficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for hallucination in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Experimental intervention was low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in left temporoparietal cortex for treatment of auditory hallucination in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Control groups received sham stimulation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was total scores of Auditory Hallucinations Rating Scale, Auditory Hallucination Subscale of Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale-Auditory Hallucination item, and Hallucination Change Scale. Secondary outcomes included response rate, global mental state, adverse effects and cognitive function. RESULTS: Seventeen studies addressing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders were screened, with controls receiving sham stimulation. All data were completely effective, involving 398 patients. Overall mean weighted effect size for repeti- tive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus sham stimulation was statistically significant (MD = -0.42, 95%C/: -0.64 to -0.20, P = 0.000 2). Patients receiving repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation responded more frequently than sham stimulation (OR = 2.94, 95%C/: 1.39 to 6.24, P =0.005). No significant differences were found between active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and sham stimulation for positive or negative symptoms. Compared with sham stimulation, active repeti- tive transcranial magnetic stimulation had equivocal outcome in cognitive function and commonly caused headache and facial muscle twitching. CONCLUSION: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a safe and effective treatment for auditory hallucination in schizophrenia spectrum disorders,展开更多
基金This study was supported by the CAS know ledge innov ation program KZCX2-303.
文摘Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) were collected from the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The sample - collection was made at 15 sites in 3 longitudinal transects. Although krill were encountered at 14 sites, the abundance was comparatively low in general. The main component of the krill population was of post -larval stages. The mean numerical and weight density of krill integrated for all sampling stations in the survey area were 16. 17 ind. 1000 m -3and 12.02 g 1000 m -3 , respectively. In the survey area, stations with larger krill density are mainly located in the slope zone, except that the largest sample was collected in the open sea zone. No krill occurred in the only station of the shelf zone during our investigation. Krill collected from the slope zone were under better growth condition than those from the open sea zone, but when the survey area is considered as a whole, the growth condition is normal. The results of the comprehensive analysis of the environmental factors show that the three large sample stations seem to be related with the cold water mass at 75 m depth and the confluence area between the high and low Chla centers at the depth of 25 m.
文摘OBJECTIVE Cranial radiotherapy is clinically used in the treatment of brain tumors;however,the consequent cognitive and emotional dysfunctions seriously impair the life quality of patients.LW-AFC,an active fraction combination extracted from classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoction,can improve cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in many animal models;however,the protective effect of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions has not been reported.Recent studies indicate that impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis(AHN)and alterations of the neurogenic microenvironment in the hippocampus constitute critical factors in cognitive and emotional dysfunctions following cranial irradiation.Here,our research further investigated the potential protective effects and mechanisms of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in mice.METHODS LW-AFC(1.6 g·kg^(-1))was intragastrically administered to mice for 14 d before cranial irradiation(7 Gyγ-ray).AHN was examined by quantifying the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus.The contextual fear conditioning test,open field test,and tail suspension test were used to assess cognitive and emotional functions in mice.To detect the change of the neurogenic microenvironment,colorimetry and multiplex bead analysis were performed to measure the level of oxidative stress,neurotrophic and growth factors,and inflammation in the hippocampus.RESULTS LW-AFC exerted beneficial effects on the contextual fear memory,anxiety behavior,and depression behavior in irradiated mice.Moreover,LW-AFC increased the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal hippocampus,displaying a regional specificity of neurogenic response.For the neurogenic microenvironment,LW-AFC significantly increased the contents of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione,and catalase and decreased the content of malondialdehyde in the hippocampus of irradiated mice,accompanied by the increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor,insulin-like growth factor-1,and interleukin-4 content.Together,LW-AFC improved cognitive and emotional dysfunctions,promoted AHN preferentially in the dorsal hippocampus,and ameliorated disturbance in the neurogenic microenvironment in irradiated mice.CONCLUSION LW-AFC ameliorates cranial irradiation-induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions,and the underlying mechanisms are mediated by promoting AHN in the dorsal hippocampus and improving the neurogenic microenvironment.LW-AFC might be a promising therapeutic agent to treat cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in patients receiving cranial radiotherapy.
文摘The aim of the work was confined to the investigation of the epileptic activity dynamics under conditions of extremely high frequency electromagnetic waves(EHF) radiation(7.1 mm,0.1 mW/cm2) upon focal epileptic activity,which was penicillin-induced(10 000 IU/ml) in frontal zone of the brain cortex in myorelaxed and artificially ventilated rats under acute experimental condition.It was established that preliminarily performed hypogeomagnetic period(3.0 h) with the inductivity of geomagnetic field reduction not less than by 100 times caused the intensification of antiepileptic effects of EHF(15.0 min of exposition).It was pronounced in the form of decrease of foci intensity and significant reduction of life-span of foci-up to 115.3±13.4 minutes,which was both significant when compared with separate effects of hypogeomagnetic influence(187.3±12.5 min) and EHF(15.0 minutes of exposition) effect(164.2±12.5 minutes)(P <0.05).
文摘This work studies a mathematical model describing the static process of contact between a piezoelectric body and a thermally-electrically conductive foundation. The behavior of the material is modeled with a thermo-electro-elastic constitutive law. The contact is described by Signorini's conditions and Tresca's friction law including the electrical and thermal conductivity conditions. A variational formulation of the model in the form of a coupled system for displacements, electric potential, and temperature is de- rived. Existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved using the results of variational inequalities and a fixed point theorem.
基金financially sponsored by the Special Funding of Henan Health Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project,No.4173(2010-2015)Xinxiang Medical University of High-Level Personnel of Scientific Research Projects,No.08BSKYQD-004the Key Projects of Science and Technology Research of Department of Education in Henan,No.13A320869
文摘OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of auditory hallucination of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. DATA SOURCES: Online literature retrieval was conducted using PubMed, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from January 1985 to May 2012. Key words were "transcranial magnetic stimulation", "TMS", "repetitive tran- scranial magnetic stimulation", and "hallucination". STUDY SELECTION: Selected studies were randomized controlled trials assessing therapeutic ef- ficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for hallucination in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Experimental intervention was low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in left temporoparietal cortex for treatment of auditory hallucination in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Control groups received sham stimulation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was total scores of Auditory Hallucinations Rating Scale, Auditory Hallucination Subscale of Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale-Auditory Hallucination item, and Hallucination Change Scale. Secondary outcomes included response rate, global mental state, adverse effects and cognitive function. RESULTS: Seventeen studies addressing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders were screened, with controls receiving sham stimulation. All data were completely effective, involving 398 patients. Overall mean weighted effect size for repeti- tive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus sham stimulation was statistically significant (MD = -0.42, 95%C/: -0.64 to -0.20, P = 0.000 2). Patients receiving repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation responded more frequently than sham stimulation (OR = 2.94, 95%C/: 1.39 to 6.24, P =0.005). No significant differences were found between active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and sham stimulation for positive or negative symptoms. Compared with sham stimulation, active repeti- tive transcranial magnetic stimulation had equivocal outcome in cognitive function and commonly caused headache and facial muscle twitching. CONCLUSION: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a safe and effective treatment for auditory hallucination in schizophrenia spectrum disorders,