Interactive machine learning(ML)systems are difficult to design because of the‘‘Two Black Boxes’’problem that exists at the interface between human and machine.Many algorithms that are used in interactive ML syste...Interactive machine learning(ML)systems are difficult to design because of the‘‘Two Black Boxes’’problem that exists at the interface between human and machine.Many algorithms that are used in interactive ML systems are black boxes that are presented to users,while the human cognition represents a second black box that can be difficult for the algorithm to interpret.These black boxes create cognitive gaps between the user and the interactive ML model.In this paper,we identify several cognitive gaps that exist in a previously-developed interactive visual analytics(VA)system,Andromeda,but are also representative of common problems in other VA systems.Our goal with this work is to open both black boxes and bridge these cognitive gaps by making usability improvements to the original Andromeda system.These include designing new visual features to help people better understand how Andromeda processes and interacts with data,as well as improving the underlying algorithm so that the system can better implement the intent of the user during the data exploration process.We evaluate our designs through both qualitative and quantitative analysis,and the results confirm that the improved Andromeda system outperforms the original version in a series of high-dimensional data analysis tasks.展开更多
In this essay,our goal is to discover science in Martin Heidegger’s Introduction to Metaphysics,lecture notes for his 1935 summer semester course,because,after all,his subject is metaphysica generalis,or ontology,and...In this essay,our goal is to discover science in Martin Heidegger’s Introduction to Metaphysics,lecture notes for his 1935 summer semester course,because,after all,his subject is metaphysica generalis,or ontology,and this could be construed as a theory of the human brain.Here,by means of verbatim quotes from his text,we attempt to show that indeed these lectures can be viewed as suggestion for an objective scientific theory of human perception,the human capacity for deciphering phenomena,i.e.hermeneutics in its broadest sense.His added notes from the 1953 edition,all of which are comments,not corrections,imply that he never abandoned these thoughts on metaphysics,despite all of his utterances about a need to overcome it,and their popular interpretations to that effect.In his presentation,he further develops the colorful and intuitive style,an hermeneutic language,that he had created in his earlier work Being and Time.The logical functions of Dasein’s anatomical brain are performed by the logos machine,formerly the human soul,using top-down processing based on a global context,the noumenal cosmos which humans maintain internally.Heidegger’s 1942/43 winter semester lectures Parmenides extend in unbroken fashion his 1935 work,proving that he never abandoned,as is widely claimed,his metaphysical avenue of thought.展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by NSF grant CSSI-2003387 and NSF I/UCRC CNS-1822080 via the NSF Center for Space,Highperformance,and Resilient Computing(SHREC).
文摘Interactive machine learning(ML)systems are difficult to design because of the‘‘Two Black Boxes’’problem that exists at the interface between human and machine.Many algorithms that are used in interactive ML systems are black boxes that are presented to users,while the human cognition represents a second black box that can be difficult for the algorithm to interpret.These black boxes create cognitive gaps between the user and the interactive ML model.In this paper,we identify several cognitive gaps that exist in a previously-developed interactive visual analytics(VA)system,Andromeda,but are also representative of common problems in other VA systems.Our goal with this work is to open both black boxes and bridge these cognitive gaps by making usability improvements to the original Andromeda system.These include designing new visual features to help people better understand how Andromeda processes and interacts with data,as well as improving the underlying algorithm so that the system can better implement the intent of the user during the data exploration process.We evaluate our designs through both qualitative and quantitative analysis,and the results confirm that the improved Andromeda system outperforms the original version in a series of high-dimensional data analysis tasks.
文摘In this essay,our goal is to discover science in Martin Heidegger’s Introduction to Metaphysics,lecture notes for his 1935 summer semester course,because,after all,his subject is metaphysica generalis,or ontology,and this could be construed as a theory of the human brain.Here,by means of verbatim quotes from his text,we attempt to show that indeed these lectures can be viewed as suggestion for an objective scientific theory of human perception,the human capacity for deciphering phenomena,i.e.hermeneutics in its broadest sense.His added notes from the 1953 edition,all of which are comments,not corrections,imply that he never abandoned these thoughts on metaphysics,despite all of his utterances about a need to overcome it,and their popular interpretations to that effect.In his presentation,he further develops the colorful and intuitive style,an hermeneutic language,that he had created in his earlier work Being and Time.The logical functions of Dasein’s anatomical brain are performed by the logos machine,formerly the human soul,using top-down processing based on a global context,the noumenal cosmos which humans maintain internally.Heidegger’s 1942/43 winter semester lectures Parmenides extend in unbroken fashion his 1935 work,proving that he never abandoned,as is widely claimed,his metaphysical avenue of thought.
