Studies on a variety of highly regenerative tissues, including the central nervous system（CNS） in non-mammalian vertebrates, have consistently demonstrated that tissue damage induces the formation of an ionic curren...Studies on a variety of highly regenerative tissues, including the central nervous system（CNS） in non-mammalian vertebrates, have consistently demonstrated that tissue damage induces the formation of an ionic current at the site of injury. These injury currents generate electric fields（EF） that are 100-fold increased in intensity over that measured for uninjured tissue. In vitro and in vivo experiments have convincingly demonstrated that these electric fields（by their orientation, intensity and duration） can drive the migration, proliferation and differentiation of a host of cell types. These cellular behaviors are all necessary to facilitate regeneration as blocking these EFs at the site of injury inhibits tissue repair while enhancing their intensity promotes repair. Consequently, injury-induced currents, and the EFs they produce, represent a potent and crucial signal to drive tissue regeneration and repair. In this review, we will discuss how injury currents are generated, how cells detect these currents and what cellular responses they can induce. Additionally, we will describe the growing evidence suggesting that EFs play a key role in regulating the cellular response to injury and may be a therapeutic target for inducing regeneration in the mammalian CNS.展开更多
发电量的多期投标组合是一个动态的优化问题,决策过程中常常呈现多期风险,因而对风险的度量也应该是动态的。条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)是一种静态一致性风险度量,不适用于对发电量的时间分解进行多期风险评估。该...发电量的多期投标组合是一个动态的优化问题,决策过程中常常呈现多期风险,因而对风险的度量也应该是动态的。条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)是一种静态一致性风险度量,不适用于对发电量的时间分解进行多期风险评估。该文提出一种动态一致性风险度量,考虑风险对未来投资收益波动的长期影响,将分位数作用于静态一致性风险度量来表征多期风险的动态特征,并采用分位数回归的方法,以各期CVaR的绝对偏差加权和最小为目标函数建立数学模型,该模型可同时应用于计及风险的发电量时间分解和空间分配计算。以水电厂短期优化调度为例,说明该风险度量指标的可行性和实用性。展开更多
文摘Studies on a variety of highly regenerative tissues, including the central nervous system（CNS） in non-mammalian vertebrates, have consistently demonstrated that tissue damage induces the formation of an ionic current at the site of injury. These injury currents generate electric fields（EF） that are 100-fold increased in intensity over that measured for uninjured tissue. In vitro and in vivo experiments have convincingly demonstrated that these electric fields（by their orientation, intensity and duration） can drive the migration, proliferation and differentiation of a host of cell types. These cellular behaviors are all necessary to facilitate regeneration as blocking these EFs at the site of injury inhibits tissue repair while enhancing their intensity promotes repair. Consequently, injury-induced currents, and the EFs they produce, represent a potent and crucial signal to drive tissue regeneration and repair. In this review, we will discuss how injury currents are generated, how cells detect these currents and what cellular responses they can induce. Additionally, we will describe the growing evidence suggesting that EFs play a key role in regulating the cellular response to injury and may be a therapeutic target for inducing regeneration in the mammalian CNS.
文摘发电量的多期投标组合是一个动态的优化问题,决策过程中常常呈现多期风险,因而对风险的度量也应该是动态的。条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)是一种静态一致性风险度量,不适用于对发电量的时间分解进行多期风险评估。该文提出一种动态一致性风险度量,考虑风险对未来投资收益波动的长期影响,将分位数作用于静态一致性风险度量来表征多期风险的动态特征,并采用分位数回归的方法,以各期CVaR的绝对偏差加权和最小为目标函数建立数学模型,该模型可同时应用于计及风险的发电量时间分解和空间分配计算。以水电厂短期优化调度为例,说明该风险度量指标的可行性和实用性。
