Breather and its interaction with rogue wave of the coupled modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation

We investigate the coupled modified nonlinear Schr?dinger equation.Breather solutions are constructed through the traditional Darboux transformation with nonzero plane-wave solutions.To obtain the higher-order localized wave solution,the N-fold generalized Darboux transformation is given.Under the condition that the characteristic equation admits a double-root,we present the expression of the first-order interactional solution.Then we graphically analyze the dynamics of the breather and rogue wave.Due to the simultaneous existence of nonlinear and self-steepening terms in the equation,different profiles in two components for the breathers are presented.

Nondegenerate solitons of the(2+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations with variable coefficients in nonlinear optical fibers

We derive the multi-hump nondegenerate solitons for the(2+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations with propagation distance dependent diffraction,nonlinearity and gain(loss)using the developing Hirota bilinear method,and analyze the dynamical behaviors of these nondegenerate solitons.The results show that the shapes of the nondegenerate solitons are controllable by selecting different wave numbers,varying diffraction and nonlinearity parameters.In addition,when all the variable coefficients are chosen to be constant,the solutions obtained in this study reduce to the shape-preserving nondegenerate solitons.Finally,it is found that the nondegenerate two-soliton solutions can be bounded to form a double-hump two-soliton molecule after making the velocity of one double-hump soliton resonate with that of the other one.

Coupled-generalized nonlinear Schr¨odinger equations solved by adaptive step-size methods in interaction picture

We extend two adaptive step-size methods for solving two-dimensional or multi-dimensional generalized nonlinear Schr ¨odinger equation(GNLSE): one is the conservation quantity error adaptive step-control method(RK4IP-CQE), and the other is the local error adaptive step-control method(RK4IP-LEM). The methods are developed in the vector form of fourthorder Runge–Kutta iterative scheme in the interaction picture by converting a vector equation in frequency domain. By simulating the supercontinuum generated from the high birefringence photonic crystal fiber, the calculation accuracies and the efficiencies of the two adaptive step-size methods are discussed. The simulation results show that the two methods have the same global average error, while RK4IP-LEM spends more time than RK4IP-CQE. The decrease of huge calculation time is due to the differences in the convergences of the relative photon number error and the approximated local error between these two adaptive step-size algorithms.

On Two Types of Stability of Solutions to a Pair of Damped Coupled Nonlinear Evolution Equations

The stability of a set of spatially constant plane wave solutions to a pair of damped coupled nonlinear Schrödinger evolution equations is considered. The equations could model physical phenomena arising in fluid dynamics, fibre optics or electron plasmas. The main result is that any small perturbation to the solution remains small for all time. Here small is interpreted as being both in the supremum sense and the square integrable sense.

Existence and Stability of Standing Waves for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Combined Nonlinearities and a Partial Harmonic Potential

In this paper, we study the existence of standing waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with combined power-type nonlinearities and a partial harmonic potential. In the L2-supercritical case, we obtain the existence and stability of standing waves. Our results are complements to the results of Carles and Il’yasov’s artical, where orbital stability of standing waves have been studied for the 2D Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities and harmonic potential.

Soliton, Breather and Rogue Wave Solutions for the Nonlinear Schrdinger Equation Coupled to a Multiple Self-Induced Transparency System

We derive an N-fold Darboux transformation for the nonlinear Schrdinger equation coupled to a multiple selfinduced transparency system, which is applicable to optical fiber communications in the erbium-doped medium.The N-soliton, N-breather and N th-order rogue wave solutions in the compact determinant representations are derived using the Darboux transformation and limit technique. Dynamics of such solutions from the first-to second-order ones are shown.

Localized waves in three-component coupled nonlinear Schrdinger equation

We study the generalized Darboux transformation to the three-component coupled nonlinear Schr ¨odinger equation.First-and second-order localized waves are obtained by this technique.In first-order localized wave,we get the interactional solutions between first-order rogue wave and one-dark,one-bright soliton respectively.Meanwhile,the interactional solutions between one-breather and first-order rogue wave are also given.In second-order localized wave,one-dark-one-bright soliton together with second-order rogue wave is presented in the first component,and two-bright soliton together with second-order rogue wave are gained respectively in the other two components.Besides,we observe second-order rogue wave together with one-breather in three components.Moreover,by increasing the absolute values of two free parameters,the nonlinear waves merge with each other distinctly.These results further reveal the interesting dynamic structures of localized waves in the three-component coupled system.

Quantitative analysis of soliton interactions based on the exact solutions of the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation

We make a quantitative study on the soliton interactions in the nonlinear Schro¨dinger equation(NLSE) and its variable–coefficient(vc) counterpart. For the regular two-soliton and double-pole solutions of the NLSE, we employ the asymptotic analysis method to obtain the expressions of asymptotic solitons, and analyze the interaction properties based on the soliton physical quantities(especially the soliton accelerations and interaction forces);whereas for the bounded two-soliton solution, we numerically calculate the soliton center positions and accelerations, and discuss the soliton interaction scenarios in three typical bounded cases. Via some variable transformations, we also obtain the inhomogeneous regular two-soliton and double-pole solutions for the vcNLSE with an integrable condition. Based on the expressions of asymptotic solitons, we quantitatively study the two-soliton interactions with some inhomogeneous dispersion profiles,particularly discuss the influence of the variable dispersion function f(t) on the soliton interaction dynamics.

Localized waves of the coupled cubic–quintic nonlinear Schrdinger equations in nonlinear optics

We investigate some novel localized waves on the plane wave background in the coupled cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrdinger （CCQNLS） equations through the generalized Darboux transformation （DT）. A special vector solution of the Lax pair of the CCQNLS system is elaborately constructed, based on the vector solution, various types of higher-order localized wave solutions of the CCQNLS system are constructed via the generalized DT. These abundant and novel localized waves constructed in the CCQNLS system include higher-order rogue waves, higher-order rogues interacting with multi-soliton or multi-breather separately. The first-and second-order semi-rational localized waves including several free parameters are mainly discussed：（i） the semi-rational solutions degenerate to the first-and second-order vector rogue wave solutions; （ii） hybrid solutions between a first-order rogue wave and a dark or bright soliton, a second-order rogue wave and two dark or bright solitons; （iii） hybrid solutions between a first-order rogue wave and a breather, a second-order rogue wave and two breathers. Some interesting and appealing dynamic properties of these types of localized waves are demonstrated, for example, these nonlinear waves merge with each other markedly by increasing the absolute value of α. These results further uncover some striking dynamic structures in the CCQNLS system.

Novel exact solutions of coupled nonlinear Schro¨dinger equations with time–space modulation

We construct various novel exact solutions of two coupled dynamical nonlinear Schrōdinger equations. Based on the similarity transformation, we reduce the coupled nonlinear Schrōdinger equations with time-and space-dependent potentials, nonlinearities, and gain or loss to the coupled dynamical nonlinear Schrrdinger equations. Some special types of non-travelling wave solutions, such as periodic, resonant, and quasiperiodically oscillating solitons, are used to exhibit the wave propagations by choosing some arbitrary functions. Our results show that the number of the localized wave of one component is always twice that of the other one. In addition, the stability analysis of the solutions is discussed numerically.

Solving coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations via a direct discontinuous Galerkin method

In this work, we present the direct discontinuous Galerkin （DDG） method for the one-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schr5dinger （CNLS） equation. We prove that the new discontinuous Galerkin method preserves the discrete mass conservations corresponding to the properties of the CNLS system. The ordinary differential equations obtained by the DDG space discretization is solved via a third-order stabilized Runge Kutta method. Numerical experiments show that the new DDG scheme gives stable and less diffusive results and has excellent long-time numerical behaviors for the CNLS equations.

Quaternion Approach to Solve Coupled Nonlinear Schrdinger Equation and Crosstalk of Quarter-Phase-Shift-Key Signals in Polarization Multiplexing Systems

The quaternion approach to solve the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations （CNSEs） in fibers is proposed, converting the CNSEs to a single variable equation by using a conception of eigen-quaternion of coupled quater- nion. The crosstalk of quarter-phase-shift-key signals caused by fiber nonlinearity in polarization multiplexing systems with 100 Cbps bit-rate is investigated and simulated. The results demonstrate that the crosstalk is like a rotated ghosting of input constellation. For the 50 km conventional fiber link, when the total power is less than 4roW, the crosstalk effect can be neglected; when the power is larger than 20roW, the crosstalk is very obvious. In addition, the crosstalk can not be detected according to the output eye diagram and state of polarization in Poincare sphere in the trunk fiber, making it difficult for the monitoring of optical trunk link.

New Exact Solutions for the Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations with Variable Coefficients

In this paper, coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with variable coefficients are studied, which can be used to describe the interaction among the modes in nonlinear optics and Bose-Einstein condensation. Some novel bright-dark solitons and dark-dark solitons are obtained by modified Sine-Gordon equation method. Moreover, some figures are provided to illustrate how the soliton solutions propagation is determined by the different values of the variable group velocity dispersion terms, which can be used to model various phenomena.

A high order energy preserving scheme for the strongly coupled nonlinear Schr¨odinger system

A high order energy preserving scheme for a strongly coupled nonlinear Schrōdinger system is roposed by using the average vector field method. The high order energy preserving scheme is applied to simulate the soliton evolution of the strongly coupled Schrōdinger system. Numerical results show that the high order energy preserving scheme can well simulate the soliton evolution, moreover, it preserves the discrete energy of the strongly coupled nonlinear Schrōdinger system exactly.

A new finite difference scheme for a dissipative cubic nonlinear Schrdinger equation

This paper considers the one-dimensional dissipative cubic nonlinear SchrSdinger equation with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions on a bounded domain. The equation is discretized in time by a linear implicit three-level central difference scheme, which has analogous discrete conservation laws of charge and energy. The convergence with two orders and the stability of the scheme are analysed using a priori estimates. Numerical tests show that the three-level scheme is more efficient.

The exact solutions to (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrdinger equation

By using the extended F-expansion method, the exact solutions,including periodic wave solutions expressed by Jacobi elliptic functions, for (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrdinger equation are derived. In the limit cases, the solitary wave solutions and the other type of traveling wave solutions for the system are obtained.

EXISTENCE AND NONEXISTENCE FOR THE INITIAL BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM OF ONE CLASS OF SYSTEM OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR SCHRDINGER EQUATIONS WITH OPERATOR AND THEIR SOLITON SOLUTIONS

The nonlinear interactions between the monochromatic wave have been considered by K. Matsunchi, who also proposed one class of the nonlinear Schrdinger equation system with wave operator. We also obtain the same type of equations, which are satisfied by transverse velocity of higher frequency electron, as we study soliton in plasma physics. In this paper, under some condition we study the existence and nonexistence for this equations in the cases possessing different signs in nonlinear term.

Hybrid Dispersive Optical Solitons in Nonlinear Cubic-Quintic-Septic Schrödinger Equation

Certain hybrid prototypes of dispersive optical solitons that we are looking for can correspond to new or future behaviors, observable or not, developed or will be developed by optical media that present the cubic-quintic-septic law coupled, with strong dispersions. The equation considered for this purpose is that of non-linear Schrödinger. The solutions are obtained using the Bogning-Djeumen Tchaho-Kofané method extended to the new implicit Bogning’ functions. Some of the obtained solutions show that their existence is due only to the Kerr law nonlinearity presence. Graphical representations plotted have confirmed the hybrid and multi-form character of the obtained dispersive optical solitons. We believe that a good understanding of the hybrid dispersive optical solitons highlighted in the context of this work allows to grasp the physical description of systems whose dynamics are governed by nonlinear Schrödinger equation as studied in this work, allowing thereby a relevant improvement of complex problems encountered in particular in nonliear optaics and in optical fibers.

Standing Waves for Quasilinear Schrödinger Equations with Indefinite Nonlinearity

In this article, we consider quasilinear Schrödinger equations of the form Such equations have been derived as models of several physical phenomena. The nonlinearity here corresponds to the superfluid film equation in plasma physics. Unlike all known results in the literature, the nonlinearity is allowed to be indefinite. It is very interesting from physical and mathematical viewpoint. By mountain pass theorem and some special techniques, we prove the existence of solutions for the quasilinear Schrödinger equations with indefinite nonlinearity. This indefinite problem had never been considered so far. So our main results can be regarded as complementary work in the literature.

Data-driven parity-time-symmetric vector rogue wave solutions of multi-component nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Rogue waves are a class of nonlinear waves with extreme amplitudes,which usually appear suddenly and disappear without any trace.Recently,the parity-time(PT)-symmetric vector rogue waves(RWs)of multi-component nonlinear Schrödinger equation(n-NLSE)are usually derived by the methods of integrable systems.In this paper,we utilize the multi-stage physics-informed neural networks(MS-PINNs)algorithm to derive the data-driven symmetric vector RWs solution of coupled NLS system in elliptic and X-shapes domains with nonzero boundary condition.The results of the experiment show that the multi-stage physics-informed neural networks are quite feasible and effective for multi-component nonlinear physical systems in the above domains and boundary conditions.