Practicability Evaluation and Improvement of Bloodletting Model Mold in Mongolian Medicine Teaching

According to the problems such as low level and depth of experimental teaching research of Mongolian medicine in higher vocational colleges, lack of applicable teaching model mold, lack of students practical operation in time, and single teaching, the development direction and ideas of bloodletting model mold in Mongolian medicine in vocational Mongolian medicine teaching were proposed to provide valuable reference for the experimental teaching reform of traditional therapy of Mongolian medicine and the teaching reform and development ideas of Mongolian medicine and other traditional medicine.

Effects of the Water-Cement Ratio and the Molding Temperature on the Hydration Heat of Cement

The effects of the water-cement ratio and the molding temperature on the hydration heat of cement were investigated with semi-adiabatic calorimetry.The specimens were prepared with water-cement ratios of 0.31,0.38,and 0.45,and the molding temperature was specified at 10 and 20℃.The experimental results show that,as the water-binder ratio increases,the value of the second temperature peak on the temperature curve of the cement paste decreases,and the age at which the peak appears is delayed.The higher the water-cement ratio,the higher the hydration heat release in the early period of cement hydration,but this trend reverses in the late period.There are intersection points of the total hydration heat curve of the cement pastes under the influence of the water-cement ratio,and this law can be observed at both molding temperatures.With the increase in the molding temperature,the age of the second temperature peak on the temperature curve of the cement paste will advance,but the temperature peak will decrease.The higher the molding temperature,the earlier the acceleration period of the cement hydration began,and the larger the hydration heat of the cement in the early stage,but the smaller the total heat in the late period.A subsection function calculation model of the hydration heat,which was based on the existing models,was proposed in order to predict the heat of the hydration of the concrete.

STUDY OF FLOW AND TEMPERATURE IN RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING PROCESS BY NUMERICAL MODEL

A mathematical model of resin flow and temperature variation in the filling stage of the resin transfer molding (RTM) is developed based on the control volume/finite element method (CV/FEM). The effects of the heat transfer and chemical reaction of the resin on the flow and temperature are considered. The numerical algorithm of the resin flow and temperature variation in the process of RTM are studied. Its accuracy and convergence are analyzed. The comparison of temperature variations between experimental results and model predictions is carried out for two RTM cases. Result shows that the model is efficient for evaluating the flow and temperature variation in the filling stage of RTM and there is a good coincidence between theory and experiment.

Physical modeling of gas-liquid interfacial fluctuation in a thick slab continuous casting mold with argon blowing

Combining with the physical model of level fluctuation in a thick slab continuous casting mold with the cross-section of 1500 mm×280 mm and argon blowing, the rationalities of estimating the level fluctuation by three traditional quantitative approaches were discussed, and the effects of gas flowrate, casting speed, and the immersion depth of submerged entry nozzle （SEN） on the level fluctuation were also investigated. As a result, it seems that three traditional quantitative approaches are not very suitable for estimating the level fluctuation in a mold with argon blowing, so a new approach for estimating level fluctuation in the mold with argon blowing was presented. The experimental results show that the level fluctuation is mainly in the region around the nozzle wall. When the casting speeds are larger than a certain value, there is the escape of large bubbles near the nozzle wall, which causes an obvious increase of level fluctuation. Furthermore, optimal process parameters, viz., the gas flowrate of 6 NL/min, the casting speed of 1.1 m/min, and the immersion depth of 170 mm, are presented to restrain the level fluctuation by a physical model.

Water modeling of mold powder entrapment in slab continuous casting mold

The optimal parameters were determined by the water modeling of slab casting. It was found that there are mainly three types of mold powder entrapment in slab continuous casting, i.e., the entrapment caused by the shearing flow near the narrow face of mold, the entrapment caused by vortexes around the submerged entry nozzle （SEN）, and the entrapment caused by the Ar bubbling. Both the velocity of the surface flow and the level fluctuation of the liquids are enlarged with increasing the casting speed, reducing the submersion depth of SEN, decreasing the downward angles of the nozzle outlets, and increasing the Ar flowrate, all of which increase the tendency of mold powder entrapment. Among the four above-mentioned factors, casting speed has the largest effect.

A coupled model on fluid flow,heat transfer and solidification in continuous casting mold

Fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification of steel in the mold are so complex but crucial, determining the surface quality of the continuous casting slab. In the current study, a 2D numerical model was established by Fluent software to simulate the fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification of the steel in the mold. The VOF model and k-ε model were applied to simulate the flow field of the three phases(steel, slag and air), and solidification model was used to simulate the solidification process. The phenomena at the meniscus were also explored through interfacial tension between the liquid steel and slag as well as the mold oscillation. The model included a 20 mm thick mold to clarify the heat transfer and the temperature distribution of the mold. The simulation results show that the liquid steel flows as upper backflow and lower backflow in the mold, and that a small circulation forms at the meniscus. The liquid slag flows away from the corner at the meniscus or infiltrates into the gap between the mold and the shell with the mold oscillating at the negative strip stage or at the positive strip stage. The simulated pitch and the depth of oscillation marks approximate to the theoretical pitch and measured depth on the slab.

Nonlinear Modeling of a High Precision Servo Injection Molding Machine Including Novel Molding Approach

A nonlinear mathematical model of the injection molding process for electrohydraulic servo injection molding machine (IMM) is developed.It was found necessary to consider the characteristics of asymmetric cylinder for electrohydraulic servo IMM.The model is based on the dynamics of the machine including servo valve,asymmetric cylinder and screw,and the non-Newtonian flow behavior of polymer melt in injection molding is also considered.The performance of the model was evaluated based on novel approach of molding - injection and compress molding,and the results of simulation and experimental data demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.

Flow and Temperature Fields in Slab Continuous Casting Molds

In order to develop super-board and super-thick slabs, the flow and temperatur fields were studied in slab continuous casting molds under different practical conditions, such as slab dimensions, with-drawing slab speed, design of nozzles, and superheat tempera-ture. The results showed that it is preferred to incline nozzle bores downwards and the submerged depth of the nozzles is best kept be-tween 250-300 mm. In addition, the solidified shell is thicker at the wide face than that at the narrow face, while the thin points alongthe wide face ekist both in the center and in the some area toward each respective end.

Constitutive model and numerical simulation for injection molding of MgTiO_(3) ceramic parts

In order to predict the powder flow law of the injection molding process of MgTiO3 ceramic parts with complex structures,a constitutive model and numerical simulation method for MgTiO3 ceramic injection molding were established based on the Hunt method.The material parameters of MgTiO3 such as elastic modulus,Poisson ratio,glass transition temperature,thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity were measured.Based on the fitting curve and the material parameters measured,the cross-WLF viscosity model and P-V-T model required for MgTiO3 ceramic injection molding were optimized.Furthermore,the influence of process parameters on mold filling flow and distribution of parts defects was researched.It was found that the gate position,injection speed and melt temperature have greater influence on mold filling flow and the packing process has an obvious effect on parts’defects.On this basis,the MgTiO3 ceramic parts injection molding experiment verification was carried out.By comparing the experimental results with the simulated results,it is found that the deformation error is within 1.5%and the density error is within 1%.Therefore,this research provided theoretical guidance for the engineering application of MgTiO3 ceramic parts fabricated by injection molding.

Numerical Simulation of Injection Molding Cooling Process Based on 3D Surface Model

The design of the cooling system of injection molds directly affects both productivity and the quality of the final part. Using the cooling process CAE system to instruct the mold design, the efficiency and quality of design can be improved greatly. At the same time, it is helpful to confirm the cooling system structure and optimize the process conditions. In this paper, the 3D surface model of mold cavity is used to replace the middle-plane model in the simulation by Boundary Element Method, which break the bottleneck of the application of the injection molding simulation softwares base on the middle-plane model. With the improvements of this paper, a practical and commercial simulation software of injection molding cooling process named as HsCAE3D6.0 is developed.

Comparison of rheological analytic model with numerical simulation in powder injection molding filling process

Mathematical model of filling disk-shaped mold cavity in steady state was studied.And the mathematical model under vibration field was developed from the model in steady state.According to the model of filling disk-shaped mold cavity in steady state,the filling time,the distribution of velocity field and the pressure field were obtained.The analysis results from rheological analytic model were compared with the numerical simulation results using Moldflow software in the powder injection molding filling process.Through the comparison,it is found that it is unreasonable to neglect the influence of temperature when calculated the pressure changing with the time at the cavity gate,while it can be neglected in other situations such as calculating the distribution of the velocity fields.This provides a theoretical reference for the establishment of correct model both in steady state and under vibration force field in the future.

Model evolvement and reuse technology of injection molding machine based on performance knowledge

To illuminate the necessity of model evolvement and reuse, dynamics of injection molding machine＇s product models are analyzed. The performance knowledge is used to support the model evolvement and reuse. The driven factors of mechanical product model are concluded. The dynamic characteristics of reuse. Finally, HT1800X1N series injection molding machines are taken as examples to illuminate that the arithmetic is correct and practical.

Effect of electromagnetic stirrer centered outside the mold on steel flow field of bloom continuous casting

Mold electromagnetic stirring technology for optimizing the flow of molten steel is now widely used in the continuous casting production process of high-quality steels.However,studies on the case that the center of the electromagnetic stirrer is located outside the mold have not been reported.Herein,the effect of the electromagnetic stirrer centered outside the mold on the steel flow field was studied in detail by means of numerical simulations.A Gauss meter was used to measure the magnetic induction intensity at different positions,currents,and frequencies.The test results were compared with the simulation results of electromagnetic stirring to calibrate and verify the accuracy of the electromagnetic model.Then,electromagnetic force was introduced into the flow field model as a source term to study its effect on the flow field under anomalous conditions.The results show that when the center of the electromagnetic stirrer is located outside the mold,the magnetic field strength is about twice as strong as that located inside the mold.This also leads to an increase in the flow velocity near the electromagnetic stirrer.As a result,the optimal electromagnetic stirring parameters(200 A,2.5 Hz)were specified when the center of the electromagnetic stirrer is located outside the mold.

基于Vague集和响应面模型的注塑工艺多目标优化

针对注塑工艺多目标优化问题,以塑件的翘曲变形量、顶出时体积收缩率和缩痕深度作为优化目标,选取熔体温度、模具温度、注射时间、保压压力、保压时间等工艺参数为试验因素,采用中心复合试验设计结合模流分析建立试验样本,利用Vague集方法计算各优化目标相似度,通过指标相关性的指标权重确定(CRITIC)法确定各优化目标影响权重,得到综合相似度;建立综合相似度与各工艺参数之间的响应面模型,运用灰狼算法进行工艺参数寻优,得到最优工艺参数组合。结果表明,将Vague集和响应面模型相结合的优化结果显著,为实际生产过程提供了有益参考。

等距螺旋锥齿轮的精确建模与金属粉末注射成型工艺试制

等距螺旋锥齿轮作为一种新型锥齿轮,其螺旋齿面具有法向等距的特点,适用于金属粉末注射成型工艺批量化生产。根据坐标变换理论推导出球面渐开线和等距圆锥螺旋线的参数方程,再基于齿面形成原理建立齿面数学模型;在MATLAB中对齿面数学模型编程计算出齿面离散点坐标,并通过UG逆向工程完成等距螺旋锥齿轮的精确建模;利用ANSYS仿真分析等距螺旋锥齿轮的啮合接触,得出齿轮的传动性能;最后通过金属粉末注射成型工艺完成等距螺旋锥齿轮的试制。研究结果表明,齿面数学模型结合离散点逆向建模可确保模型的精度,金属粉末注射成型工艺可用于等距螺旋锥齿轮的批量化生产。

采用电解预刻蚀实现高界面结合强度的镍/钢微流控芯片模芯

采用微电铸工艺制作微流控芯片金属模芯的过程中,金属基底与沉积层之间的界面结合强度制约着金属模芯的成品率、制作周期、制作成本以及使用寿命。以NAK80模具钢基底和镍铸层的结合界面为研究对象,采用电解预刻蚀的方法提高界面结合强度。首先,为探究界面结合强度的影响因素,开展数值仿真研究。仿真结果表明,界面结合强度随表面粗糙度和刻蚀深度的增加均呈现增大的规律。为优选电解预刻蚀的工艺参数,开展刻蚀实验研究。实验结果表明,当电压为0~20V时,基底表面粗糙度随刻蚀电压的增加先增大后减小,优选电压为11.15V;当刻蚀电压一定时,刻蚀深度随刻蚀时间的增加而增加。为保证电沉积后铸层无缺陷,缩短电铸和后处理时间,针对60μm宽度的流道式芯片模芯,将刻蚀深度优选为30μm,以此获得优选的刻蚀时间为53s。基于以上仿真和实验结果,制作出了铸层厚度为40μm、整体尺寸为65mm×65mm的微流控芯片金属模芯。采用拉伸法测得界面结合强度为178.46MPa,相比于无刻蚀方法,电解预刻蚀后的界面结合强度提高了518.6%。

制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺参数的优化研究

在static bed模型的基础上为在PID控制模式下制造氢气瓶内胆的电加热滚塑工艺建立了一个传热模型,并通过FLUENT软件来仿真计算模具表面温度和模内温度以及加热时间和加热电能。这些仿真值与实测值都吻合得较好,从而验证了本文传热模型的准确性。然后应用该传热模型计算了在16种情形下停止加热时的模内温度以及加热时间和加热电能,并通过灰色关联度方法分析了PID模式的触发温度和初始加热功率的百分比对加热时间和加热电能的影响程度。结果表明,停止加热时的模内温度随初始加热功率的百分比变化较小,但随PID模式触发温度的升高而降低。加热时间和加热电能都是随着PID模式的触发温度的升高而减少。最优化的工艺参数是PID模式的触发温度取250℃且初始加热功率的百分比取90%。另外,PID模式的触发温度对加热时间和加热电能的影响程度都要大于初始加热功率的百分比对它们的影响程度。

盐湖大气环境下316 L仪表管点蚀深度预测研究

为提高316 L仪表管在盐湖大气环境下点蚀深度的预测精度,采用变阶平均弱化缓冲算子、积分背景值和新陈代谢对分数阶累加灰色模型FGM(1,1,r)进行改进,首先通过改进Tent混沌映射、莱维飞行和区间自适应反向学习策略提高黏菌算法(SMA)的寻优能力和收敛速度,随后利用改进黏菌算法(ISMA)对FGM(1,1,r,ρ)中的参数r和ρ进行寻优,最后构建仪表管ISMA-FGM(1,1,r,ρ)点蚀深度预测模型。研究结果表明:经优化的新模型比原模型误差更小、拟合度更高,在仪表管点蚀深度预测方面具有更好的性能。研究结果可为仪表管道系统的完整性评价和风险预警提供参考。

五年制高职机械制造类专业学徒制实践创新机制研究

研究五年制高职机械制造类专业学徒制培养创新机制问题。以江苏联合职业技术学院无锡交通分院模具设计与制造专业为例,分析现师徒制培养中存在的问题,提出以职业为导向校企联合招生招工-培养、纳入人才培养体系的综合评价和多主体参与补偿的创新性机制框架,并针对政策法规调整、教学内容优化、培养模式改进等关键环节提出建议,达到实现产教融合高技能准员工的人才培养目的。

不同力学条件下兔髌骨髌腱及腱止点的有限元建模及力学分析

背景:髌腱末端病中髌骨髌腱结合部是损伤的高发区域。兔髌骨髌腱损伤模型是常用动物实验研究对象,目前对损伤机制和造模方法的应力分析尚不全面。目的:在过往组织学和力学测量的基础上,对兔整个髌骨、髌骨髌腱结合区和股四髌腱止点结合区进行扫描建模,分析其应力变化特点,探讨不同运动形式对髌腱退行性变的潜在影响,为损伤预防以及动物模型建立提供理论依据。方法:以成年健康雌性新西兰大白兔左侧膝关节的髌骨和两端肌腱为实验对象,取材处理后经Micro-CT扫描,Mimics、Geomagic Studio、SolidWorks等软件建模,应用Ansys Workbench进行有限元分析。分析不同加载条件下(载荷大小和方向改变,不同动作模式)目标区域的等效位移、应力、应变情况。结果与结论:①载荷方向改变影响趋势和数值变化,载荷大小改变影响数值变化;②与其他区域相比,髌腱腱止点处应力集中较明显,应变值最低;③在髌腱腱止点处,外翻比内翻、内旋比外旋产生更大的应力集中;④提示膝关节屈伸运动中所产生的应力集中和应力屏蔽效应是导致髌腱腱止点损伤的主要原因;内旋和外翻状态的应力同时是导致损伤的潜在因素,有待进一步研究;以跳跃、跑动状态建立动物模型更加符合运动损伤特点。