Numerical Analysis of Doublet Wells for Cold Energy Storage on Heat Damage Treatment in Deep Mines

Deep mining is an inevitable tendency in the development of coal industry. There are many heat damage problems with the increase of mining depth. The technology of using doublet wells, together with Heat Exchange Machine Systems （HEMSs）, to store cold energy is a key to solve the heat damage problems in deep mines. Based on the geological conditions, thermodynamic and hydraulic parameters of Jiahe Mine, the isotherms in the period of cold energy storage and refrigeration and the volumes of cold water within different temperature ranges of the cold energy storage well were numerically analyzed. The results show that 1） with the same pumped and injected water volumes, the lower the temperature of injected water is, the larger the volume.of cold water in the cold energy storage well is. With the larger volume, the effect of cold energy storage is better. 2） the larger the volumes of pumped and reinjected water frigeration is better. And 3） without disturbance, the volume and temperature of cold water in the cold energy storage well can keep unchanged or have only a little change for a long time. Therefore the technology of doublet wells for cold energy storage is feasible and the cold energy storage aquifers can meet the requirement of the technology.

Operation Performance of Central Solar Heating System with Seasonal Storage Water Tank in Harbin

This paper presented a preliminary research on the central solar heating system with seasonal storage(CSHSSS)used in cold climate in China.A mathematical model of the solar energy seasonal storage water tank used in the central solar heating system was firstly developed based on energy conservation.This was followed by the simulation of the CSHSSS used in a two-floor villa in Harbin,and analysis of the impacts on storage water temperature of tank volume,solar collector area,tank burial depth,insulation thickness around the tank,etc.The results show there is a relatively economical tank volume to optimize the system efficiency,which decreases with increasing tank volume at the constant collector area,and increases with increasing collector area at the constant tank volume.Furthermore,the insulation thickness has obvious effect on avoiding heat loss,while the tank burial depth doesn't.In addition,the relationship between the solar collector efficiency and storage water temperature is also obtained,it decreases quickly with increasing storing water temperature,and then increases slowly after starting space heating system.These may be helpful for relevant design and optimization in cold climates in China and all over the world.

Numerical Study of Thermal Performance of Phase Change Material Energy Storage Floor in Solar Water Heating System

The conventional solar heating floor system contains a big water tank to store energy in the day time for heating at night,which takes much building space and is very heavy.In order to reduce the water tank volume even to cancel the tank,a novel structure of integrated water pipe floor heating system using shape-stabilized phase change materials(SSPCM)for thermal energy storage was developed.A numerical model was developed to analyze the performance of SSPCM floor heating system under the intermittent heating condition,which was verified by our experimental data.The thermal performance of the heating system and the effects of various factors on it were analyzed numerically.The factors including phase transition temperature,heat of fusion,thermal conductivity of SSPCM and thermal conductivity of the decoration material were analyzed.The results show that tm and kd are the most import influencing factors on the thermal performance of SSPCM floor heating system,since they determine the heat source temperature and thermal resistance between SSPCM plates and indoor air,respectively.Hm should be large to store enough thermal energy in the day time for nighttimes heating.The effects of kp can be ignored in this system.The SSPCM floor heating system has potential of making use of the daytime solar energy for heating at night efficiently in various climates when its structure is properly designed.

Experimentation of a Plane Solar Integrated Collector Storage Water Heater

In order to popularize the use of the solar-water heaters, especially in the residential and tertiary sectors with the third world, it appears to be necessary to reduce their cost while improving their performances. It is the object of this integrated storage collector thus created and tested in the south of Tunisia. It is simply made up of a tank playing the double part of solar absorber and storage tank of warm water, of a glazing to profit from the greenhouse effect and of an insulating case. Its measured energy performances, by the method of input-output proves its effectiveness to produce hot water, in spite of its simplicity of manufacture, usage and maintenance. Indeed a temperature of water exceeding 70?C is reached towards the afternoon True Solar Time, and for an efficiency of 7%. Thus, this type of collector with integrated storage is entirely satisfactory and could be available to larger mass.

Field experiment on coalmine heat disaster governance using cold source from surface water

Regarding the lack of cold source for underground cooling systems from either mine inflow or return air, field experiments were taken in a high temperature deep coal mine with abundant cold source from surface water. Taking Sanhejian coal mine as an example, this paper introduced the technology scheme of heat disaster governance using surface water cold source. The paper presents the basics of this field experiment at the beginning, following by the design and site layout of the cooling system including the analysis and calculation of cold source. Numerical calculation method is also applied based on the operation parameters to simulate the influence to the surface river ecosystem. The results suggest that the temperature of surface water shall be lower than 34 ℃ after heat exchange, and when more cooling capacities are needed in the future, increasing the water flow is more favorable than increasing the cooling range of water, which is better for the ecological environment protection,

Comparison and Performance Analysis of Heat Storage Equipment in Solar Heating System

Solar heating system is widely used recently. Heat storage equipment is the guarantee for steady performance of solar heating system. A design of latent heat storage exchanger with submerged coil was introduced with the structure, working principle, and the main advantages. This heat exchanger was integrated into solar heating system as the heat storage equipment. Advantage comparison of the designed heat exchanger in solar heating system with hot water tank was carried out. The analysis results show that the latent heat storage exchanger is superior to hot water tank obviously. The heat exchanger performance parameters and variations of these parameters are got： （1） with the increase of phase change material （PCM） volume ratio, heat storage equipment volume ratio decreases; （2） heat storage efficiency has the same varying tendency with outdoor and air temperature; while the bigger PCM volume ratio is, the weaker the effect of outdoor air temperature on heat storage efficiency is; （3） heat storage capacity and heat storage efficiency increase together; when PCM volume ratio is big, heat storage efficiency is high and the system can begin operating effcienfly and quickly; （4） with the increase of heat storage capacity, life cyde operation cost （LCOC） of system increases gradually in high speed; but with the increase of PCM volume ratio, the difference between the two systems LCOCs becomes smaller and smaller; （5） the reasonable range of PCM volume ratio is 0.5 - 0.7. Temperature characteristic analysis shows that, with the filled PCM, heat storage medium temperature presents several segments at different time, under conditions of different heat storage capacity and different PCM state.

隧道热害环境下电力机车蓄冷式冷却塔散热性能研究

针对西部某铁路所处的高原隧道热害环境,提出一种电力机车蓄冷式冷却塔结构及其运行方案,通过对蓄冷及释冷过程进行仿真,分析换热器的冷却性能并对其结构进行优化。研究结果表明:当换热器蓄冷运行时,相对于壳体两侧无翅片结构,采用壳体空气侧加翅片和壳体双侧加翅片,相变蓄冷时间从113 min分别缩短至80 min和47 min;当换热器释冷运行时,乙二醇水溶液经相变蓄冷换热器冷却,传热管道添加间距为8 mm的翅片,有效冷却时间(冷却介质出口温度低于55℃)从无翅片结构的1.5 min延长至16 min,超过设计要求的14 min,有效解决了机车冷却塔的散热难题。

不同进水方式对大型水体储热效率的影响

目的针对大型水体跨季节储热时间不匹配问题,分析不同进水方式对储热效率的影响,减少储热过程中的热量损失。方法利用CFD数值模拟软件建立水体储热的分析模型,研究水体储热过程中的热交换规律,以及单双进水口、水平间距、动态进水、流速等因素对水体储热效果的影响。结果进水总流量越小,内部水体温度分层越好;在相同的储热时间内,双进水口方式效率最佳,水体内部平均温度至少比单一进水和动态进水高出16.83%,储热效率分别提高了9.89%和16.14%;相比单一进水口,双进水口方式火用损失降低了21.97%;进水管之间距离越小,水体储热效率越高。结论进水方式对水体储热效率影响至关重要,进水管道越靠近中轴线,采用小流量、双开口的进水形式储热效率越好。

环形热管蓄冷保温箱空载均温性能研究

针对传统蓄冷箱箱内温度均匀性差的问题,提出环形热管结构蓄冷保温箱的设计,建立了空载均温性能的三维数值仿真模型,并进行了试验验证,对比分析了环形热管保温箱与常规结构蓄冷保温箱蓄冷板不同布置方式(四周布置、侧面+顶部+底部布置、中间布置)保温时间和温度均匀性的差异。结果发现,与常规结构蓄冷箱相比,环形热管结构的蓄冷保温箱的温度场、速度场均表现出较好的均匀性,其温度不均匀度为1.13,保冷时间为23 h。内部的环形热管在箱内形成环形流场,加强了对流换热,使整体温度均匀性更好。

考虑变掺氧富氧燃烧与利用LNG冷能的LAES的综合能源系统低碳经济调度

为促进风电消纳,减少火电机组的碳排放,解决综合能源系统(Integrated Energy System,IES)低碳经济运行问题,文中引入变掺氧富氧燃烧技术对燃气机组进行改造,并结合利用液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)冷能的液化空气储能(Liquid Air Energy Storage,LAES),提出了一种电热气冷IES低碳经济优化策略。首先,构建含变掺氧富氧燃烧燃气机组、利用LNG冷能的LAES、电转气(Power To Gas,P2G)设备、中央空调和溴化锂制冷机的IES架构,并建立各设备的数学模型;其次,引入阶梯式碳交易机制,建立了以系统运行成本最小为目标的电热气冷IES低碳经济调度模型;最后,采用MATLAB调用GUROBI求解器对多个场景进行求解,验证了文中提出的低碳经济优化调度策略可以提高系统的风电消纳、有效降低系统运行成本,实现碳减排。

基于水蓄热的热源厂蒸汽调峰技术

基于工业供汽负荷波动大、昼夜偏差显著的现状,将水蓄热技术与热源厂热力生产工艺相结合,提出采用蒸汽-除盐冷水的间接换热技术、环氧富锌漆防腐技术和硬质聚氨酯发泡保温技术,并对形状、容积和高径比等罐体结构优化设计,旨在开发一种适用于工业供热的蒸汽调峰技术。实践应用表明,基于水蓄热的热源厂蒸汽调峰技术具有稳定高效、简单易操和投资收益显著等优点。本技术还可应用于燃煤机组实现深度调峰、消纳新能源发电等场景,具有重要的现实意义。

基于蓄热装置辅助的燃料电池电动车供暖系统动态仿真

为了辅助燃料电池车辆预热,提升燃料电池在低温下的冷启动速率以及降低电动车能耗,该文提出了一种基于热泵和蓄热装置联合的燃料电池电动车供暖方案,并开展了燃料电池车辆系统动态仿真研究,对比了有无蓄热装置辅助的系统对车辆运行过程的影响。结果表明:在寒冷运行环境下,蓄热装置可确保驾驶循环工况下循环冷却液热量来源的连续性,相较于无蓄热装置的热管理系统,热泵和蓄热联合供暖方案可使空调系统能耗下降26%;利用蓄热装置辅助的供暖系统能够改善燃料电池电动车的冬季冷启动特性,优化车辆电池系统的热管理。

基于工业余热与可再生能源耦合的赤峰市低碳供热研究

以赤峰市大温差供热工程实践为例,介绍了赤峰市低碳供热方案的设计理念和实施步骤。从赤峰市供热热源紧缺,城区周边电厂乏汽余热、工业余热和弃风电力转化热量潜力估算,降低一次网回水温度必要性,大温差供热推进和分阶段实施过程,各阶段热平衡等5个方面进行了详细说明。根据规划,至2035年赤峰市中心城区供热热量来源于非供暖季储存弃风电力转化热量和工业余热,以及供暖季工业余热和燃煤调峰电厂热量,单位供热面积的二氧化碳排放强度是现状的1/30。

太阳能跨季节储热水体几何形状对系统含税热价的敏感性研究

针对水体型太阳能跨季节储热供热系统,以太阳能集热场得热量和跨季节储热水体温度场的动态模拟为基础,在TRNSYS仿真平台中建立系统动态热经济性分析模型,实现全系统动态热性能和经济性能耦合分析。此模型是对太阳能集热场中定日镜场采光面积、跨季节储热水体体积、水体几何形状、太阳能集热场质量流量、资金内部收益率等关键参数进行敏感性分析和优化的重要工具。该研究主要分析了储热水体几何形状对系统含税热价的敏感性,得出以下结论:对于万立方米级的圆柱形储热水体,水体热损、含税热价与水体高径比呈上开口的类抛物线关系,当水体高径比为1∶2时,水体的热损低至30.74 kWh/m^(3),对应的含税热价低至0.470元/kWh,与区间高点的含税热价相比低9.6%;水体深度由5 m变化至25 m过程中,水体深度为19 m时热价可低至0.482元/kWh,与区间高点的含税热价相比低13.0%。

装配式柔性墙体日光温室联合储热系统蓄放热特性

增设多蓄热介质联合主动蓄放热系统是解决装配式柔性墙体日光温室“重保温、轻蓄热”问题的有效方法,但当前对于“土壤-空气-水”多介质联合储热系统蓄放热特性和加温效果尚不明确,针对此问题,该研究以配备“空气源地中热交换-水源后墙循环换热”联合储热系统的装配式柔性墙体日光温室为研究对象,采用现场跟踪测试和能量转移测算,对联合储热系统各自和组合的蓄放热特性进行研究。结果表明,配有联合储热系统的装配式柔性墙体日光温室室内夜间最低空气温度维持在10℃以上,室内外最大温差达26.5℃。0~50 cm的土壤层是该温室主要蓄热介质,晴天土壤层蓄热量最高占总蓄热量的63.5%。地中热交换系统最高占土壤蓄热量的54.4%。水循环系统蓄热量可达424.04 MJ,最高占总蓄热量的45.1%,通过循环蓄热可将储水池内8 m3水的温度提高到35℃。连阴天时,通过引入蓄放热比指标,对联合储热系统的运行效果进行定量评价,发现水循环系统具有蓄放热速度快的特点,蓄放热比绝对值最高可达1.62,是当天土壤蓄放热的1.8倍。但从总量上看,土壤仍是连阴天主要放热来源,在北京地区联合蓄放热系统能够维持3个连阴天的热量需求。水循环系统平均性能系数(coefficient of performance,COP)为9.16,地中热交换系统平均COP为6.82,联合蓄放热系统综合COP为8.85,对比热泵,其节能率达60.26%。研究结果为联合储热系统蓄放热机理研究提供了理论依据。

甘露醇复合相变蓄冷材料的制备及性能研究

为满足南美白对虾微冻贮藏保鲜温度的要求,研制了一种低温复合相变蓄冷材料,该材料以甘露醇水溶液为主储能剂,以氯化钾水溶液为降温剂,以高吸水树脂为增稠剂。测试复合相变蓄冷材料的相变温度、相变潜热、导热性能、腐蚀性和热循环稳定性,确定最终配比。结果显示:当甘露醇质量分数为3%,氯化钾质量分数为2%,高吸水树脂质量分数为1.8%,复合相变蓄冷材料的相变温度为-5.5℃,相变潜热为295.7 J/g,无过冷度,导热系数为5.065 W/(m.K)。对铜片和铝片基本无腐蚀,50次循环实验表明复合材料稳定性好。

基于BP神经网络的增强型地热系统产热性能:以伊通盆地花岗岩体热储层为例

探究增强型地热系统(enhanced geothermal systems,EGS)工程采热性能,对提高系统产热效率、延长储层寿命是至关重要的。以伊通盆地北部昌27井实际地质构造、岩性、地热特征及热物性测试为基础,以地下4054~4168 m花岗岩为热储层建立三水平井水热耦合数值模型,并在此水平井模型基础上建立BP神经网络热储产热能力预测模型,研究了不同影响因素对系统换热过程的影响。结果表明:BP神经网络预测生产温度、焓值差和压力差与水平井数值模型的相对误差基本不超过±1.0%、±2.0%和±3.0%,预测准确性较高。水平井地热开采中,对系统生产温度造成影响较大的因素是井间距和注入速度,对系统发电效率造成影响较大的因素是注入速度和裂隙渗透率。综合考虑各影响因素交互作用,采用三水平井开采地热能可选择开采方案井间距600 m,注入温度60℃,注入速度23 kg/s,裂隙渗透率1×10^(-10 )m^(2)。在该工况下系统的经济寿命可达32年,累积发电量为605.9 GW·h,比基础模型提高7.4%。

新世纪跨季节显热储热项目发展现状与分析

发展跨季节储热技术对实现我国供热领域的绿色低碳转型具有重要意义。本文从跨季节储热项目角度出发,分别对跨季节储热的原理及分类、国内外发展现状、项目统计与参数分析等方面进行了综述。重点对所统计的44个国内外跨季节显热储热项目进行了典型技术经济参数分析、热源分析与材料分析。最后指出国内外跨季节储热项目数量增多、储热规模持续扩大,发展大容量跨季节水体储热、实现跨季节储热热源多能互补、规模化应用热泵、进一步开发适用于跨季节储热系统的新型材料可能是未来跨季节储热发展的重要方向。

跨季节土壤蓄冷-土壤源热泵系统长期运行特性实验研究

为解决土壤源热泵在长期运行条件下土壤热失衡导致的运行效率下降问题,针对夏热冬冷地区的特点,提出一种利用室外风机盘管将冬季或过渡季室外空气中的冷量存储于土壤中的跨季节蓄冷-土壤源热泵系统。利用地埋管换热系统的相似模型实验台,进行了系统运行3年的供冷、供暖、蓄冷工况实验,综合分析了埋管进出口水温、气温、土壤温度、土壤及埋管换热量、单位埋深换热量等参数,研究系统的长期运行特性。研究显示:3年的土壤平均温度分别上升0.14℃、0.22℃、0.20℃,总体来说升高幅度较小;蓄冷时的室外气温越低、土壤与室外空气的温差越大,蓄冷效果越好;埋管进出口平均温差、土壤平均温度变化、土壤换热量、埋管换热量、单位埋深换热量的大小关系一致。研究结果表明,跨季节蓄冷维持了土壤的长期热平衡,系统的长期运行效果较好。

等离子活化水处理对鲜切莲藕冷藏保鲜效果的影响

目的为延长鲜切莲藕保鲜期,探究等离子活化水(Plasma-Activated Water,PAW)处理对鲜切莲藕在冷藏期间的特性变化规律及保鲜效果影响。方法通过低温等离子体装置制备PAW,检测了不同处理时间PAW的杀菌性能,并使用PAW处理鲜切莲藕,置于冷藏环境下贮藏。期间,每隔2 d测定了鲜切莲藕的质量损失率、硬度、褐变度、丙二醛含量、抗坏血酸含量与多酚氧化酶活性等指标。结果经放电9 min制得的PAW-9处理后的菌落总数(2.35 lg(CFU/g))明显低于去离子水对照组(3.46 lg(CFU/g))。与对照组在第4天出现褐变、软化等现象相比,PAW处理组在贮藏期8 d内仍能维持较好的外观品质,其硬度、质量损失率、褐变度均优于对照组,且PAW处理可有效抑制多酚氧化酶的活性,维持抗坏血酸含量,并抑制丙二醛含量上升,其中放电9 min制得的PAW-9综合保鲜效果最佳。结论PAW处理可维持鲜切莲藕的品质,抑制褐变,有效延长保鲜期,具有较好的应用前景。