In the practice of petroleum industry, adding cold flow improver （CFI） to lower the fuel＇s cold filter plugging point （CFPP） is an effective and economic way for improving the cold flow performance of diesel fuel...In the practice of petroleum industry, adding cold flow improver （CFI） to lower the fuel＇s cold filter plugging point （CFPP） is an effective and economic way for improving the cold flow performance of diesel fuel. This paper described the synthesis and evaluation of the performance of dibehenyl fumarate-vinyl acetate （FV） copolymer for improving the cold flow performance of the tested diesel fuels. The carbon distribution in n-alkanes of the tested diesel samples were analyzed by gas phase chromatography. The structure of the copolymer was confirmed by the 1H NMR spectroscopy. The wax crystals morphologies with and without adding the FV additive were investigated by means of polarizing microscope. The test results indicated that the FV additive could depress CFPP of the tested diesel samples by 2℃ and 4℃, respectively, when dosage of the additive was 0.08 m%. The additive can modify the size and shape of the wax crystals and inhibit the formation of larger wax crystal lattices.展开更多
This paper introduces working principle and technical features of vacuum filter in emulsion system for tandem cold strip mill.Based on specific cases,this paper analyses and assesses the effect before and after using ...This paper introduces working principle and technical features of vacuum filter in emulsion system for tandem cold strip mill.Based on specific cases,this paper analyses and assesses the effect before and after using the emulsion system with the usage of the vacuum filter for strip mill.Compare with the effect when using the first generation vacuum filter,the emulsion quality is improved significantly by using the second generation vacuum filter,which at the same time ensures steady operation of the rolling mill and surface quality of the mill products. As a result,investment and running costs are lowered,emissions of the waste emulsion are reduced,waste water treatment costs are reduced and so as the environmental pollution.It can be seen the second generation vacuum filter has obvious economic and environmental benefits.Therefor,it suggests that the filter should be used widely in the field of automotive,environmental protection rolling steel and nonferrous metals.展开更多
Synthesis of a cold flow improver （MAVA-a） for diesel fuel and its effect on solidifying point （SP） and cold filter plugging point （CFPP） of diesel fuels were investigated, The cold flow improver was prepared by...Synthesis of a cold flow improver （MAVA-a） for diesel fuel and its effect on solidifying point （SP） and cold filter plugging point （CFPP） of diesel fuels were investigated, The cold flow improver was prepared by using maleic anhydride （MA） and vinyl acetate （VA） as raw materials, toluene as solvent, dibenzoyl peroxide （BPO） as initiator, through alternating polymerization under nitrogen to obtain a binary-polymer and then through aminolysis by using a higher carbon amine as aminating agent at a temperature of 80 ℃. A cold flow improver was designed and prepared for No. 0 diesel fuel from Zhang Jia-Gang Petrochemical Company according to the contents of n-paraffin and its carbon number distribution in the No. 0 diesel fuel. It was also used together with two kinds of ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer improvers （EVA） separately. The test result showed that the CFPP of the No. 0 diesel fuel could be lowered by 3-5 ℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used. The CFPP was lowered by 8℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used together with EVA-2.展开更多
Building energy consumption accounts for nearly 40% of global energy consumption, HVAC （Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning） systems are the major building energy consumers, and as one type of HVAC systems, t...Building energy consumption accounts for nearly 40% of global energy consumption, HVAC （Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning） systems are the major building energy consumers, and as one type of HVAC systems, the heat pump air conditioning system, which is more energy-efficient compared to the traditional air conditioning system, is being more widely used to save energy. However, in northern China, extreme climatic conditions increase the cooling and heating load of the heat pump air conditioning system and accelerate the aging of the equipment, and the sensor may detect drifted parameters owing to climate change. This non-linear drifted parameter increases the false alarm rate of the fault detection and the need for unnecessary troubleshooting. In order to overcome the impact of the device aging and the drifted parameter, a Kalman filter and SPC （statistical process control） fault detection method are introduced in this paper. In this method, the model parameter and its standard variance can he estimated by Kalman filter based on the gray model and the real-time data of the air conditioning system. Further, by using SPC to construct the dynamic control limits, false alarm rate is reduced. And this paper mainly focuses on the cold machine failure in the component failure and its soft fault detection. This approach has been tested on a simulation model of the ＂Sino-German Energy Conservation Demonstration Center＂ building heat pump air-conditioning system in Shenyang, China, and the results show that the Kalman filter and SPC fault detection method is simple and highly efficient with a low false alarm rate, and it can deal with the difficulties caused by the extreme environment and the non-linear influence of the parameters, and what＇s more, it provides a good foundation for dynamic fault diagnosis and fault prediction analysis.展开更多
针对图协同过滤在聚合用户-项目二部图中的高阶信息过程中往往忽略相似节点对目标节点的增益效果,提出一种基于图协同过滤增益的推荐系统模型GCFG(Graph collaborative filtering with gain enhancement for recommendation system).该...针对图协同过滤在聚合用户-项目二部图中的高阶信息过程中往往忽略相似节点对目标节点的增益效果,提出一种基于图协同过滤增益的推荐系统模型GCFG(Graph collaborative filtering with gain enhancement for recommendation system).该模型在节点表示学习中引入了图协同过滤增益的概念,通过考虑图结构和相似节点对目标节点的影响,提升了节点表示的质量,有效地改进了传统图协同过滤方法.实验结果表明,GCFG模型在稀疏数据集上是有效的,具有缓解冷启动问题的潜力.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(200310),China University of Petroleum,Beijing,China.
文摘In the practice of petroleum industry, adding cold flow improver （CFI） to lower the fuel＇s cold filter plugging point （CFPP） is an effective and economic way for improving the cold flow performance of diesel fuel. This paper described the synthesis and evaluation of the performance of dibehenyl fumarate-vinyl acetate （FV） copolymer for improving the cold flow performance of the tested diesel fuels. The carbon distribution in n-alkanes of the tested diesel samples were analyzed by gas phase chromatography. The structure of the copolymer was confirmed by the 1H NMR spectroscopy. The wax crystals morphologies with and without adding the FV additive were investigated by means of polarizing microscope. The test results indicated that the FV additive could depress CFPP of the tested diesel samples by 2℃ and 4℃, respectively, when dosage of the additive was 0.08 m%. The additive can modify the size and shape of the wax crystals and inhibit the formation of larger wax crystal lattices.
文摘This paper introduces working principle and technical features of vacuum filter in emulsion system for tandem cold strip mill.Based on specific cases,this paper analyses and assesses the effect before and after using the emulsion system with the usage of the vacuum filter for strip mill.Compare with the effect when using the first generation vacuum filter,the emulsion quality is improved significantly by using the second generation vacuum filter,which at the same time ensures steady operation of the rolling mill and surface quality of the mill products. As a result,investment and running costs are lowered,emissions of the waste emulsion are reduced,waste water treatment costs are reduced and so as the environmental pollution.It can be seen the second generation vacuum filter has obvious economic and environmental benefits.Therefor,it suggests that the filter should be used widely in the field of automotive,environmental protection rolling steel and nonferrous metals.
基金Supported by the Basic Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing (200310) China University of Petroleum,Beijing,China
文摘Synthesis of a cold flow improver （MAVA-a） for diesel fuel and its effect on solidifying point （SP） and cold filter plugging point （CFPP） of diesel fuels were investigated, The cold flow improver was prepared by using maleic anhydride （MA） and vinyl acetate （VA） as raw materials, toluene as solvent, dibenzoyl peroxide （BPO） as initiator, through alternating polymerization under nitrogen to obtain a binary-polymer and then through aminolysis by using a higher carbon amine as aminating agent at a temperature of 80 ℃. A cold flow improver was designed and prepared for No. 0 diesel fuel from Zhang Jia-Gang Petrochemical Company according to the contents of n-paraffin and its carbon number distribution in the No. 0 diesel fuel. It was also used together with two kinds of ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer improvers （EVA） separately. The test result showed that the CFPP of the No. 0 diesel fuel could be lowered by 3-5 ℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used. The CFPP was lowered by 8℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used together with EVA-2.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Committee of China(61503259)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2017M611261)+1 种基金Chinese Scholarship Council(201608210107)Hanyu Plan of Shenyang Jianzhu University(XKHY2-64)
文摘Building energy consumption accounts for nearly 40% of global energy consumption, HVAC （Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning） systems are the major building energy consumers, and as one type of HVAC systems, the heat pump air conditioning system, which is more energy-efficient compared to the traditional air conditioning system, is being more widely used to save energy. However, in northern China, extreme climatic conditions increase the cooling and heating load of the heat pump air conditioning system and accelerate the aging of the equipment, and the sensor may detect drifted parameters owing to climate change. This non-linear drifted parameter increases the false alarm rate of the fault detection and the need for unnecessary troubleshooting. In order to overcome the impact of the device aging and the drifted parameter, a Kalman filter and SPC （statistical process control） fault detection method are introduced in this paper. In this method, the model parameter and its standard variance can he estimated by Kalman filter based on the gray model and the real-time data of the air conditioning system. Further, by using SPC to construct the dynamic control limits, false alarm rate is reduced. And this paper mainly focuses on the cold machine failure in the component failure and its soft fault detection. This approach has been tested on a simulation model of the ＂Sino-German Energy Conservation Demonstration Center＂ building heat pump air-conditioning system in Shenyang, China, and the results show that the Kalman filter and SPC fault detection method is simple and highly efficient with a low false alarm rate, and it can deal with the difficulties caused by the extreme environment and the non-linear influence of the parameters, and what＇s more, it provides a good foundation for dynamic fault diagnosis and fault prediction analysis.
文摘针对图协同过滤在聚合用户-项目二部图中的高阶信息过程中往往忽略相似节点对目标节点的增益效果,提出一种基于图协同过滤增益的推荐系统模型GCFG(Graph collaborative filtering with gain enhancement for recommendation system).该模型在节点表示学习中引入了图协同过滤增益的概念,通过考虑图结构和相似节点对目标节点的影响,提升了节点表示的质量,有效地改进了传统图协同过滤方法.实验结果表明,GCFG模型在稀疏数据集上是有效的,具有缓解冷启动问题的潜力.
