Carbon Fiber Breakage Mechanism in Aluminum(Al)/Carbon Fibers(CFs) Composite Sheet during Accumulative Roll Bonding(ARB) Process

We put forward a method of fabricating Aluminum(Al)/carbon fibers(CFs) composite sheets by the accumulative roll bonding(ARB) method. The finished Al/CFs composite sheet has CFs and pure Al sheets as sandwich and surface layers. After cross-section observation of the Al/CFs composite sheet, we found that the CFs discretely distributed within the sandwich layer. Besides, the tensile test showed that the contribution of the sandwich CFs layer to tensile strength was less than 11% compared with annealed pure Al sheet. With ex-situ observation of the CFs breakage evolution with-16%,-32%, and-45% rolling reduction during the ARB process, the plastic instability of the Al layer was found to bring shear damages to the CFs. At last, the bridging strengthening mechanism introduced by CFs was sacrificed. We provide new insight into and instruction on Al/CFs composite sheet preparation method and processing parameters.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Cu/Mg laminated composite sheets produced by the ARB proces

In the present study, an Al/Cu/Mg multi-layered composite was produced by accumulative roll bonding(ARB) through seven passes, and its microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. The microstructure investigations show that plastic instability occurred in both the copper and magnesium reinforcements in the primary sandwich. In addition, a composite with a perfectly uniform distribution of copper and magnesium reinforcing layers was produced during the last pass. By increasing the number of ARB cycles, the microhardness of the layers including aluminum, copper, and magnesium was significantly increased. The ultimate tensile strength of the sandwich was enhanced continually and reached a maximum value of 355.5 MPa. This strength value was about 3.2, 2, and 2.1 times higher than the initial strength values for the aluminum, copper, and magnesium sheets, respectively. Investigation of tensile fracture surfaces during the ARB process indicated that the fracture mechanism changed to shear ductile at the seventh pass.

Effects of intermediate Ni layer on mechanical properties of Al–Cu layered composites fabricated through cold roll bonding

Layered composites have attracted considerable interest in the recent literature on metal composites. Their mechanical properties depend on the quality of the bonding provided by the intermediate layers. In this study, we analyzed the mechanical properties and bond strengths provided by the nickel layer with respect to its thickness and nature(either powder or coating). The results suggest that bond strength decreases with an increase in the content of nickel powder. At 0.3 vol% of nickel coating, we found the nature of nickel to be less efficient in terms of bond strength. A different picture arose when the content of nickel was increased and the bond strength increased in nickel coated samples. In addition, the results demonstrate that mechanical properties such as bend strength are strongly dependent on bond strength.

Formation mechanism and control of aluminum layer thickness fluctuation in embedded aluminum-steel composite sheet produced by cold roll bonding process

The influences of rolling reduction and aluminum sheet initial thickness(AIT)on the thickness fluctuation of aluminum layer(TFA)of embedded aluminum?steel composite sheet produced by cold roll bonding were investigated,the formation mechanism of TFA was analyzed and method to improve the thickness uniformity of the aluminum layer was proposed.The results showed that when the reduction increased,TFA increased gradually.When the reduction was lower than40%,AIT had negligible effect on the TFA,while TFA increased with the decrease of AIT when the reduction was higher than40%.The non-uniformities of the steel surface deformation and the interfacial bonding extent caused by the work-hardened steel surface layer,were the main reasons for the formation of TFA.Adopting an appropriate surface treatment can help to decrease the hardening extent of the steel surface for improving the deformation uniformity during cold roll bonding process,which effectively improved the aluminum thickness uniformity of the embedded aluminum/steel composite sheets.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC-particle-strengthening tri-metal Al/Cu/Ni composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process

In this study, a multilayer Al/Ni/Cu composite reinforced with Si C particles was produced using an accumulative roll bonding(ARB) process with different cycles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of this composite were investigated using optical and scanning microscopy and hardness and tensile testing. The results show that by increasing the applied strain, the Al/Ni/Cu multilayer composite converted from layer features to near a particle-strengthening characteristic. After the fifth ARB cycle, a composite with a uniform distribution of reinforcements(Cu, Ni, and SiC) was fabricated. The tensile strength of the composite increased from the initial sandwich structure to the first ARB cycle and then decreased from the first to the third ARB cycle. Upon reaching five ARB cycles, the tensile strength of the composite increased again. The variation in the elongation of the composite exhibited a tendency similar to that of its tensile strength. It is observed that with increasing strain, the microhardness values of the Al, Cu, and Ni layers increased, and that the dominant fracture mechanisms of Al and Cu were dimple formation and ductile fracture. In contrast, brittle fracture in specific plains was the main characteristic of Ni fractures.

Effect of Mechanical Surface Treatment on the Bonding Mechanism and Properties of Cold‑Rolled Cu/Al Clad Plate

In the case of valuable cold-rolled Cu/Al clad plates,billet surface treatment before rolling is a significant process that can affect the bonding efficiency and quality.While the current studies primarily focus on the influence of rolling parameters,insufficient attention has been paid to surface treatment.In this study,the effects of mechanical surface treatment on the bonding mechanism and bonding properties of cold-rolled Cu/Al clad plates were investigated.The results showed that different mechanical surface treatments have significant effects on the surface morphology,roughness,and residual stress.In addition,the effect of surface mechanical treatment on bonding quality was also observed to be critical.When the grinding direction was consistent with the rolling direction(RD),the bonding quality of the Cu/Al clad plates was significantly improved.After surface treatment along the RD for 20 s,the Cu/Al clad plates showed the highest shear strength(78 MPa),approximately four times as high as that of the unpolished samples.Simultaneously,the peel strength of this process was also significantly higher than that achieved via the other processes.Finally,on the basis of the surface morphology,roughness,and residual stress,the effect of surface treatment on the bonding mechanism and bonding properties of Cu/Al clad plates was analyzed.This study proposes a deeper understanding of the bonding behavior and bonding mechanism for cold rolled clad plates processed via mechanical surface treatment.

Microstructural development and its effects on mechanical properties of Al/Cu laminated composite

The microstructural development and its effect on the mechanical properties of Al/Cu laminated composite produced by asymmetrical roll bonding and annealing were studied. The composite characterizations were conducted by transmission electron microscope（TEM）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, peeling tests and tensile tests. It is found that the ultra-fine grained laminated composites with tight bonding interface are prepared by the roll bonding technique. The annealing prompts the atomic diffusion in the interface between dissimilar matrixes, and even causes the formation of intermetallic compounds. The interfacial bonding strength increases to the maximum value owing to the interfacial solution strengthening at 300 °C annealing, but sharply decreases by the damage effect of intermetallic compounds at elevated temperatures. The composites obtain high tensile strength due to the Al crystallization grains and Cu twins at 300 °C. At 350 °C annealing, however, the composites get high elongation by the interfacial interlayer with submicron thickness.

Improvement of the matrix and the interface quality of a Cu/Al composite by the MARB process

The matrix accumulative roll bonding technology （MARB） can improve the matrix performance of metal composite and strengthen the bonding quality of the interface./n this research, for the fwst time, the technology of MARB was proposed. A sound Cu/AI bonding composite was obtained using the MARB process and the bonding characteristic of the interface was studied using scanning electricity microscope （SEM） and energy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. The result indicated that accumulation cycles and diffusion annealing temperature were the most important factors for fabricating a Cu/AI composite material. The substrate aluminum was strengthened by MARB, and a high quality Cu/AI composite with sound interface was obtained as well.

Interface characterization of Al/Cu 2-ply composites under various loading conditions

The effects of reduction ratio during roll bonding on the microstructural evolution at interface and subsequent mechanical properties of roll-bonded Al/Cu 2-ply sheets were investigated. The interface microstructures for several Al/Cu 2-ply sheets fabricated under different reduction ratios between 30% and 65% were verified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Taking the difference of interface microstructure into consideration, 3-point bending and peel tests were performed for obtaining flexural and bonding strengths for Al/Cu 2-ply sheets. The effect of the quantified areas of metallurgical bonding at interfaces on the bonding strength was also discussed. The results show that both the bonding and flexural strengths for Al/Cu 2-ply sheets are reduced by decreasing the reduction ratio during the roll bonding process, which is strongly correlated with the interface microstructure. This was especially verified by observing the interface delamination from the 3-point bent samples.

Al-Cu-Sc铝合金板材不同热处理状态下的组织和力学性能研究

以厚度为3 mm的Al-Cu-Sc铝合金板材为研究对象,利用EBSD技术对人工时效态(T6态)和退火态(O态)板材的微观组织进行分析;对T6态、O态、W态以及经过预拉伸变形和人工时效处理得到的T8态板材在室温下进行单向拉伸测试,研究不同热处理状态下板材的力学性能变化规律。结果表明:T6态和O态板材中都存在[001]方向的织构,且O态板材的织构更强。T6态板材的晶界以大角度晶界为主,O态板材的晶界以小角度晶界为主,且其晶粒尺寸远大于T6态板材。T6态和W态Al-Cu-Sc板材轧制方向与横向强度基本一样,而O态板材轧向强度明显高于横向。O态板材的强度最低,T6态板材的塑性最差,而W态板材具有最小的屈强比和最大的应变硬化指数n值,成形性能最好。此外,经过预拉伸和人工时效后得到的T8态板材强度显著提升,当预拉伸变形量为5%和7%时,T8态板材抗拉强度超过500 MPa。

末道次冷轧变形量对Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金织构和力学性能的影响

通过X射线衍射、电子背散射衍射技术和拉伸测试等研究了末道次冷轧变形量对汽车车身板用Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金板材织构、晶粒形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在成分和冷轧后固溶处理工艺相同的情况下,织构是决定Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金板材力学性能的主要因素。晶粒尺寸最大的33%试样反而获得了最高的抗拉强度和较低的屈强比。这是因为减小末道次冷轧变形量可以降低固溶及预时效处理状态下板材Cube和Cube+ND_(20)织构的含量,从而减少立方型织构对板材强度的损害。而末道次大变形量冷轧会促进再结晶时Copper、S和Brass织构向Cube和Cube+ND_(20)织构的转变,并抑制S织构转变成R织构,在实际生产中应当避免。

与钢背轧制复合的纳米复合Al-Pb-Cu合金的组织及摩擦性能

用机械合金化制备了纳米复合Al Pb Cu合金粉末, 然后将之与钢背轧制复合, 并进行烧结。运用 X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析了轧制复合到钢背的 Al Pb Cu合金的组织结构变化, 并测定了其摩擦磨损性能。结果表明: 烧结后的Al Pb Cu合金粉末已较好地与钢背结合在一起, 并形成了过渡层; 在合金层中, 细小的Pb相保持均匀弥散的分布; 在550℃烧结保温1 h后, Pb的平均晶粒尺寸只有200 nm左右, 其摩擦磨损性能显著优于普通的Al Pb Cu合金。

轧制复合电缆用Cu/Al复合材料变形规律研究

采用三步法复合工艺制备了电缆用Cu/Al复合板,分析了冷轧复合过程中Cu/Al复合板变形区的特点,研究了Cu层与Al层厚度比为1:4时各组元压下率与总压下率的关系。将Cu/Al双金属变形区分为3个区,建立了基于原始坯料层厚比条件下的轧制复合Cu/Al复合板厚度模型。

Cu/Al复合带固-液铸轧热-流耦合数值模拟及界面复合机理

双金属层状复合带固-液铸轧成形是集快速凝固与轧制复合为一体的短流程新工艺,为揭示固相覆层金属带材与基体熔体在双辊铸轧区内的复合机理,以d160 mm×150 mm双辊实验铸轧机为对象,利用Fluent商用软件建立Cu/Al固-液铸轧复合过程二维热-流耦合计算模型,研究铸轧速度、浇注温度、铜带厚度和预热温度对熔池流场、KISS点位置与复合界面温度分布的影响规律。Cu/Al固-液铸轧复合实验结果表明,铸轧区内固-液接触区、固-半固态粘连区、固-固轧制复合区界面结合效果呈现递进式强化规律,显示出温度和轧制压力对界面复合的重要作用,对成形工艺制定具有重要的指导意义。

冷轧压下率对Cu/Al复合板界面和性能的影响

研究了不同冷轧压下率对铸轧法制备的Cu/Al复合板材界面微观组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:冷轧过程中压下率过大时界面层会发生断裂而破碎,进而影响复合材料性能。冷轧压下率从29%逐渐增加到57%时,界面层的破碎程度逐渐加重,复合板抗拉强度逐渐增大,延伸率则随之下降,同时剥离强度先迅速减弱后缓慢增强。当冷轧压下率达到57%时,界面扩散层被严重破坏,形成大量纯铜和纯铝直接接触、无明显扩散的结合界面,铜铝复合板主要靠机械咬合力结合。

冷轧变形量对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag新型耐热铝合金抗腐蚀性能的影响

采用晶间腐蚀和剥落腐蚀性能测试研究冷轧变形量（50%~90%）对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金抗腐蚀性能的影响,结合金相显微分析和透射电子显微分析对其机理进行探讨。结果表明：增大冷轧变形量能够细化合金的再结晶晶粒,减小无沉淀析出带的宽度及其与基体的电位差。合金的抗晶间腐蚀性能主要由合金的晶界结构决定。增大冷轧变形量能够提高合金的抗晶间腐蚀性能。合金的抗剥落腐蚀性能由晶界结构和晶粒形貌决定。随着冷轧变形量的增大,合金的剥落腐蚀速率先增大后减小;冷轧变形量为50%的试样抗剥落腐蚀性能最佳。

冷轧变形对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金剥落腐蚀性能的影响

采用剥落腐蚀实验、电化学阻抗测试、透射显微技术等方法,研究了不同冷轧变形量对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织和剥落腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着冷轧变形量的增加,合金在EXCO溶液中剥落腐蚀增大。变形量主要通过改变晶粒形态及晶界析出相影响合金的剥落腐蚀性能。一方面冷变形导致合金晶粒纵横比增大,使得腐蚀裂纹尖端处产生的楔入应力增加,裂纹扩展速率提高;另一方面,较大冷变形合金时效时形成的连续晶界析出相易成为阳极腐蚀通道,也会加速剥落腐蚀进程。

热处理对Cu/Al-3.25Si合金冷压焊接复合带界面组织与性能的影响

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、万能材料实验机等,研究了Cu/Al-3.25Si合金冷压焊接复合带热处理工艺,讨论了界面层厚度、界面结合强度、铜铝金属间化合物生成规律等问题.结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高和保温时间的增加,扩散层厚度的增长呈现先快再慢的趋势,动力学曲线时间指数在0.5-1之间;界面的结合强度随着热处理温度和保温时间的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势;界面金属间化合物有Cu_9Al_4,Cu Al,CuAl_2等;最佳热处理温度宜控制在200-300℃,保温时间在2 h以内.

低压铸造-轧制法快速制备Al-Cu复合材料

采用低压铸造-轧制法实现了快速制备650 mm×30 mm×7 mm×R3.5 mm的 Al/Cu 复合材料,并通过 SEM、EDS、XRD和电子万能试验机（AG-X）表征其结构和界面剪切强度。结果表明：在Cu管预热温度200℃,轧制压下率30%,冷却水通量400 L/h,Al液温度680～740℃条件下均可实现 Al-Cu之间的冶金结合,界面合金层随着 Al液温度的升高而变宽；复合材料的导电性能和界面结合剪切强度受界面金属间化合物层宽度的影响,其宽度越宽,剪切强度降低。低压铸造法制备 Al-Cu复合材料工艺流程短,一次成形快,并能对界面物相进行有效调控。

Mn对冷轧Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金再结晶行为的影响

研究在不同退火温度下,Mn对冷轧Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金组织和性能的影响.通过绘制再结晶动力学曲线,测定不同Mn含量的Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金再结晶激活能和再结晶温度.实验结果表明,Mn可以有效的阻碍Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金再结晶行为.当w(Mn)<0.7%,Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金再结晶起始温度随Mn含量的增加而提高,再结晶结束温度不变.再结晶激活能随Mn含量的增加而提高.