We investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of persistent wet–cold events(PWCEs)with different types of coldair paths.Results show that the cumulative single-station frequency of the PWCEs in the western part o...We investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of persistent wet–cold events(PWCEs)with different types of coldair paths.Results show that the cumulative single-station frequency of the PWCEs in the western part of South China is higher than that in the eastern part.The pattern of single-station frequency of the PWCEs are“Yangtze River(YR)uniform”and“east–west inverse”.The YR uniform pattern is the dominant mode,so we focus on this pattern.The cold-air paths for PWCEs of the YR uniform pattern are divided into three types—namely,the west,northwest and north types—among which the west type accounts for the largest proportion.The differences in atmospheric circulation of the PWCEs under the three types of paths are obvious.The thermal inversion layer in the lower troposphere is favorable for precipitation during the PWCEs.The positive water vapor budget for the three types of PWCEs mainly appears at the southern boundary.展开更多
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple craniofacial abnormalities, intellectual disability, sensorineural hearing loss, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and involvement...Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple craniofacial abnormalities, intellectual disability, sensorineural hearing loss, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and involvement of other organ systems to varying degrees. Patients with JBS may require surgical intervention to address the underlying phenotypic abnormalities. The many craniofacial abnormalities found in patients with JBS are a concern for the anesthesiologist. We present the case of an adult patient with JBS who is undergoing implantation of a leadless pacemaker. Considering the many cardiac and craniofacial abnormalities in these patients, the anesthesiologist should order diagnostic tests such as echocardiography to assess cardiac function, as well as be prepared to perform advanced airway techniques for difficult airways. The anesthetic provider should be aware of the varied phenotypic expression of JBS and should individualize the anesthetic plan to each patient. Prior medical literature on the anesthetic management of these patients is scarce and limited to pediatric patients. This is the first case report addressing anesthetic concerns in an adult patient with JBS.展开更多
Strom surges are not only determined by the atmospheric forcing,but also influenced by the coastal geometry and bathymetry.The Bohai Sea,as one of China’s marginal seas,is seriously harmed by storm surges,especially ...Strom surges are not only determined by the atmospheric forcing,but also influenced by the coastal geometry and bathymetry.The Bohai Sea,as one of China’s marginal seas,is seriously harmed by storm surges,especially those caused by cold-air outbreaks.As the coastline of the Bohai Sea has changed evidently these years,storm surges may have new characteristics due to the changes in the local geometry.This paper aims to find out these new characteristics by primarily investigating the influence of the changes in the local geometry on storm surges with numerical methods.20 scenarios were constructed based on the track and inten-sity of the cold-air outbreaks to describe the actual situation.By analyzing the model results of the control scenarios,it is found that the main changes of the maximum surge elevation occur in the Bohai Bay and the Laizhou Bay.At the top of the Bohai Bay,the maximum surge elevation is obviously decreased,while in the Laizhou Bay,it is enhanced by the growing Yellow River Delta.This,however,does not suggest that the storm surges in the Laizhou Bay become more serious.A comparison of the risk assessment of storm surges in the Tanggu,Huanghua and Yangjiaogou regions shows that the risk of storm surges in these coastal areas is lightened by the evolvement of the coastal geometry.Particularly near Yangjiaogou,though the maximum surge elevation becomes higher to subject more areas to risk,the risk is still reduced by the evolvement of the Yellow River Delta.展开更多
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,and is characterized by hypoplastic nasal alae,mental retardation,sensorineural hearing loss,s...Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,and is characterized by hypoplastic nasal alae,mental retardation,sensorineural hearing loss,short stature,scalp defects,dental abnormalities and abnormal hair patterns. Growth hormone deficiency,hypopituitarism,and impaired glucagon secretion response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia have been reported. Congenital heart defects have also been described in this condition. Mental retardation is typically moderate to severe in patients with JBS; however,normal intelligence can occur. In the pancreas,there is a selective defect of acinar tissue,whereas the islets of Langerhans and ducts are preserved. Diabetes has been reported in older children,suggesting the progressive nature of pancreatic disease. The molecular basis of JBS has recently been mapped to chromosome 15q15-q21 with identified mutations in the UBR1 gene. We report the case of a 7-year-old female with pancreatic insufficiency and mild phenotypic features,in whom the diagnosis of JBS was established using recently described molecular testing for the UBR1 gene.展开更多
[Objective]The research aimed to analyze formation reason of ＂ 0902＂ blizzard in northeast China. [Method]By using timely observation data,NCEP reanalysis data and Doppler radar data at Baishan station,blizzard proc...[Objective]The research aimed to analyze formation reason of ＂ 0902＂ blizzard in northeast China. [Method]By using timely observation data,NCEP reanalysis data and Doppler radar data at Baishan station,blizzard process in southeast part of northeast China during 12-13 February,2009 was analyzed. [Result]Snowfall zone of the blizzard process was wide,snowfall was more,snowfall gradient was big,and snowfall time relatively concentrated. These characteristics reflected that the blizzard process had significant convection characteristics. Baroclinic disturbance at high-altitude straight frontal zone and ground warm frontogenesis caused by eastward movement and northward advancement of North China low vortex at low altitude were the circulation characteristics in the process. Water vapor from the sea went northward as southwest airflow,and strongly converged in blizzard zone,which provided sufficient water vapor condition for the blizzard. Before heavy snowfall occurred,there was accumulation process of heat and energy. Conditional symmetric instability was main unstable mechanism of the blizzard. During heavy snowfall period,ascending branch of secondary vertical circulation at exit zone of high-altitude jet coupled with ascending branch of secondary vertical circulation of warm frontegenesis at low layer,inducing strong development of the vertical motion. Doppler radar intensity echo revealed that it was easy to generate blizzard in the area where echo intensity was consistently above 20 dBz. Strong wind velocity convergence zone at radical velocity field especially adverse wind zone was favorable for the generation of blizzard. [Conclusion]The research could provide reference for blizzard forecast in northeast China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFC1505602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41705055)+2 种基金the Graduate Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. CXZZ11_0485)the Creative Teams of Jiangsu Qinglan Projectthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘We investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of persistent wet–cold events(PWCEs)with different types of coldair paths.Results show that the cumulative single-station frequency of the PWCEs in the western part of South China is higher than that in the eastern part.The pattern of single-station frequency of the PWCEs are“Yangtze River(YR)uniform”and“east–west inverse”.The YR uniform pattern is the dominant mode,so we focus on this pattern.The cold-air paths for PWCEs of the YR uniform pattern are divided into three types—namely,the west,northwest and north types—among which the west type accounts for the largest proportion.The differences in atmospheric circulation of the PWCEs under the three types of paths are obvious.The thermal inversion layer in the lower troposphere is favorable for precipitation during the PWCEs.The positive water vapor budget for the three types of PWCEs mainly appears at the southern boundary.
文摘Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple craniofacial abnormalities, intellectual disability, sensorineural hearing loss, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and involvement of other organ systems to varying degrees. Patients with JBS may require surgical intervention to address the underlying phenotypic abnormalities. The many craniofacial abnormalities found in patients with JBS are a concern for the anesthesiologist. We present the case of an adult patient with JBS who is undergoing implantation of a leadless pacemaker. Considering the many cardiac and craniofacial abnormalities in these patients, the anesthesiologist should order diagnostic tests such as echocardiography to assess cardiac function, as well as be prepared to perform advanced airway techniques for difficult airways. The anesthetic provider should be aware of the varied phenotypic expression of JBS and should individualize the anesthetic plan to each patient. Prior medical literature on the anesthetic management of these patients is scarce and limited to pediatric patients. This is the first case report addressing anesthetic concerns in an adult patient with JBS.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during China's Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period (2006BAC03B01)
文摘Strom surges are not only determined by the atmospheric forcing,but also influenced by the coastal geometry and bathymetry.The Bohai Sea,as one of China’s marginal seas,is seriously harmed by storm surges,especially those caused by cold-air outbreaks.As the coastline of the Bohai Sea has changed evidently these years,storm surges may have new characteristics due to the changes in the local geometry.This paper aims to find out these new characteristics by primarily investigating the influence of the changes in the local geometry on storm surges with numerical methods.20 scenarios were constructed based on the track and inten-sity of the cold-air outbreaks to describe the actual situation.By analyzing the model results of the control scenarios,it is found that the main changes of the maximum surge elevation occur in the Bohai Bay and the Laizhou Bay.At the top of the Bohai Bay,the maximum surge elevation is obviously decreased,while in the Laizhou Bay,it is enhanced by the growing Yellow River Delta.This,however,does not suggest that the storm surges in the Laizhou Bay become more serious.A comparison of the risk assessment of storm surges in the Tanggu,Huanghua and Yangjiaogou regions shows that the risk of storm surges in these coastal areas is lightened by the evolvement of the coastal geometry.Particularly near Yangjiaogou,though the maximum surge elevation becomes higher to subject more areas to risk,the risk is still reduced by the evolvement of the Yellow River Delta.
基金Supported by Grant from the German Research Foundation (DFG) to MZ
文摘Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,and is characterized by hypoplastic nasal alae,mental retardation,sensorineural hearing loss,short stature,scalp defects,dental abnormalities and abnormal hair patterns. Growth hormone deficiency,hypopituitarism,and impaired glucagon secretion response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia have been reported. Congenital heart defects have also been described in this condition. Mental retardation is typically moderate to severe in patients with JBS; however,normal intelligence can occur. In the pancreas,there is a selective defect of acinar tissue,whereas the islets of Langerhans and ducts are preserved. Diabetes has been reported in older children,suggesting the progressive nature of pancreatic disease. The molecular basis of JBS has recently been mapped to chromosome 15q15-q21 with identified mutations in the UBR1 gene. We report the case of a 7-year-old female with pancreatic insufficiency and mild phenotypic features,in whom the diagnosis of JBS was established using recently described molecular testing for the UBR1 gene.
文摘[Objective]The research aimed to analyze formation reason of ＂ 0902＂ blizzard in northeast China. [Method]By using timely observation data,NCEP reanalysis data and Doppler radar data at Baishan station,blizzard process in southeast part of northeast China during 12-13 February,2009 was analyzed. [Result]Snowfall zone of the blizzard process was wide,snowfall was more,snowfall gradient was big,and snowfall time relatively concentrated. These characteristics reflected that the blizzard process had significant convection characteristics. Baroclinic disturbance at high-altitude straight frontal zone and ground warm frontogenesis caused by eastward movement and northward advancement of North China low vortex at low altitude were the circulation characteristics in the process. Water vapor from the sea went northward as southwest airflow,and strongly converged in blizzard zone,which provided sufficient water vapor condition for the blizzard. Before heavy snowfall occurred,there was accumulation process of heat and energy. Conditional symmetric instability was main unstable mechanism of the blizzard. During heavy snowfall period,ascending branch of secondary vertical circulation at exit zone of high-altitude jet coupled with ascending branch of secondary vertical circulation of warm frontegenesis at low layer,inducing strong development of the vertical motion. Doppler radar intensity echo revealed that it was easy to generate blizzard in the area where echo intensity was consistently above 20 dBz. Strong wind velocity convergence zone at radical velocity field especially adverse wind zone was favorable for the generation of blizzard. [Conclusion]The research could provide reference for blizzard forecast in northeast China.
