Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable...Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.展开更多
China is one of the biggest countries in cigarette production and sales,therefore it is important to improve the quality and efficiency of cigarette production.As cigarette packaging is an important part in cigarette ...China is one of the biggest countries in cigarette production and sales,therefore it is important to improve the quality and efficiency of cigarette production.As cigarette packaging is an important part in cigarette production,therefore,it is important to strengthen research on improving the quality of cigarette packaging.This article summarizes the development process of cigarette packaging in China,introduces the development of printing technology in the era of intelligence,summarizes the application of printing technology in cigarette packaging,analyzes and explores the development trend of cigarette packaging in the era of intelligence,with the hope to provide reference for practitioners.展开更多
On December 27,2013 the last one of process units–the isomerization unit in the 600 kt/a para-xylene project was put on stream at the Hainan Refining and Chemical Company at the first attempt to deliver massive
The enhancement of wheat yield in Tunisia becomes a must for policy makers who need to reduce the importations of this commodity. In this context, the ＂Food Security in Arab Countries＂ project has been established i...The enhancement of wheat yield in Tunisia becomes a must for policy makers who need to reduce the importations of this commodity. In this context, the ＂Food Security in Arab Countries＂ project has been established in order to transfer technological innovations that improve irrigated wheat productivity. As a pilot area, this project is being implemented in Chebika （Central Tunisia） region, where in the last two years a new technological package of durum wheat production has been tested by many farmers of the region. The objective of this study is to identify the sources of output gains between farmers participating in the project trials and farmer＇s using conventional techniques. Tornqvist-Thiel index was used for the identification of the output gains generated by the technology package. Data used for the analysis were collected from 60 participating farmers during 2011-2012 cropping season, and 110 non-participating farmers. Results show that average production value differential between participating and non-participating farmers is 48.4%. This value is composed of 9.3% gain generated from global factor productivity and 39.1% from the increase of the inputs use. It also indicates the relative importance of inputs contributing to the global factor productivity difference between enhanced technological package and conventional practices in the region. These results are valuable for policy makers since they can be used to focus on main factors affecting the improvement of irrigated wheat productivity in Central Tunisia. Encouraging the adoption of the new technological package is then highly recommended.展开更多
This paper provides a model to identify the most appropriate packaging system （i.e. the industrial process by which the product is hygienically coupled with the container） for different liquid foods. The model devel...This paper provides a model to identify the most appropriate packaging system （i.e. the industrial process by which the product is hygienically coupled with the container） for different liquid foods. The model developed is grounded on the Analytic Network Process （ANP） methodology, a powerful and flexible tool used in decision making. To select the appropriate packaging system, the model takes into account several factors, including packaging material, cost, safety, performance （e.g., speed and accuracy）, plant reliability and flexibility, which may directly or indirectly affect the suitability of the process. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of commercial liquid foods, and the packaging technology are included in the model as further variables to be considered for the final choice. We try to answer the following research questions： is a filling system appropriate for a given liquid food？ Is it compatible with a defined packaging technology？ When several filling systems are available for a given liquid food, how can the most appropriate one be selected？ The ease of application of the model and the robustness of the results provided have been tested on a sample of 59 commercial liquid foods, for which the model allowed to identify the most suitable packaging system, providing useful practical guidelines. The model was developed in close collaboration with a panel of experts, operating in the beverage bottling industry, and validated by the same experts; thus, the resulting tool is suitable for use as a decision support system by food and bottling industries.展开更多
基金the Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Grant No.GD22XYS04).
文摘Background:As the market demands change,SMEs(small and medium-sized enterprises)have long faced many design issues,including high costs,lengthy cycles,and insufficient innovation.These issues are especially noticeable in the domain of cosmetic packaging design.Objective:To explore innovative product family modeling methods and configuration design processes to improve the efficiency of enterprise cosmetic packaging design and develop the design for mass customization.Methods:To accomplish this objective,the basic-element theory has been introduced and applied to the design and development system of the product family.Results:By examining the mapping relationships between the demand domain,functional domain,technology domain,and structure domain,four interrelated models have been developed,including the demand model,functional model,technology model,and structure model.Together,these models form the mechanism and methodology of product family modeling,specifically for cosmetic packaging design.Through an analysis of a case study on men’s cosmetic packaging design,the feasibility of the proposed product family modeling technology has been demonstrated in terms of customized cosmetic packaging design,and the design efficiency has been enhanced.Conclusion:The product family modeling technology employs a formalized element as a module configuration design language,permeating throughout the entire development cycle of cosmetic packaging design,thus facilitating a structured and modularized configuration design process for the product family system.The application of the basic-element principle in product family modeling technology contributes to the enrichment of the research field surrounding cosmetic packaging product family configuration design,while also providing valuable methods and references for enterprises aiming to elevate the efficiency of cosmetic packaging design for the mass customization product model.
文摘China is one of the biggest countries in cigarette production and sales,therefore it is important to improve the quality and efficiency of cigarette production.As cigarette packaging is an important part in cigarette production,therefore,it is important to strengthen research on improving the quality of cigarette packaging.This article summarizes the development process of cigarette packaging in China,introduces the development of printing technology in the era of intelligence,summarizes the application of printing technology in cigarette packaging,analyzes and explores the development trend of cigarette packaging in the era of intelligence,with the hope to provide reference for practitioners.
文摘On December 27,2013 the last one of process units–the isomerization unit in the 600 kt/a para-xylene project was put on stream at the Hainan Refining and Chemical Company at the first attempt to deliver massive
文摘The enhancement of wheat yield in Tunisia becomes a must for policy makers who need to reduce the importations of this commodity. In this context, the ＂Food Security in Arab Countries＂ project has been established in order to transfer technological innovations that improve irrigated wheat productivity. As a pilot area, this project is being implemented in Chebika （Central Tunisia） region, where in the last two years a new technological package of durum wheat production has been tested by many farmers of the region. The objective of this study is to identify the sources of output gains between farmers participating in the project trials and farmer＇s using conventional techniques. Tornqvist-Thiel index was used for the identification of the output gains generated by the technology package. Data used for the analysis were collected from 60 participating farmers during 2011-2012 cropping season, and 110 non-participating farmers. Results show that average production value differential between participating and non-participating farmers is 48.4%. This value is composed of 9.3% gain generated from global factor productivity and 39.1% from the increase of the inputs use. It also indicates the relative importance of inputs contributing to the global factor productivity difference between enhanced technological package and conventional practices in the region. These results are valuable for policy makers since they can be used to focus on main factors affecting the improvement of irrigated wheat productivity in Central Tunisia. Encouraging the adoption of the new technological package is then highly recommended.
文摘This paper provides a model to identify the most appropriate packaging system （i.e. the industrial process by which the product is hygienically coupled with the container） for different liquid foods. The model developed is grounded on the Analytic Network Process （ANP） methodology, a powerful and flexible tool used in decision making. To select the appropriate packaging system, the model takes into account several factors, including packaging material, cost, safety, performance （e.g., speed and accuracy）, plant reliability and flexibility, which may directly or indirectly affect the suitability of the process. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of commercial liquid foods, and the packaging technology are included in the model as further variables to be considered for the final choice. We try to answer the following research questions： is a filling system appropriate for a given liquid food？ Is it compatible with a defined packaging technology？ When several filling systems are available for a given liquid food, how can the most appropriate one be selected？ The ease of application of the model and the robustness of the results provided have been tested on a sample of 59 commercial liquid foods, for which the model allowed to identify the most suitable packaging system, providing useful practical guidelines. The model was developed in close collaboration with a panel of experts, operating in the beverage bottling industry, and validated by the same experts; thus, the resulting tool is suitable for use as a decision support system by food and bottling industries.
