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Molecular regulatory events of flower and fruit abscission in horticultural plants 被引量:5
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作者 Yuan Shi Bangqian Song +4 位作者 Qin Liang Deding Su Wang Lu Yudong Liu Zhengguo Li 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期867-883,共17页
Flower and fruit abscission is a highly programmed physiological process,which is closely related to the yield of horticultural plants.The coordination of many regulatory factors associated with metabolic and signalin... Flower and fruit abscission is a highly programmed physiological process,which is closely related to the yield of horticultural plants.The coordination of many regulatory factors associated with metabolic and signaling pathways plays a key role in the flower and fruit shedding.Hormones,peptides,carbohydrates,polyamines or cell wall modifying proteins regulate flower and fruit shedding.This article reviewed the recent studies of flower and fruit abscission,including the molecular regulation mechanism of abscission zone formation,typical structure and location of abscission zones,and other factors affecting flower and fruit abscission,such as stresses,hormones,peptides,carbohydrates,polyamines and cell wall modifying proteins.Overall,the review summarizes the developmental mechanism and the diversity of abscission zones,and the key factors affecting flower and fruit abscission of horticultural plants,aiming to provide guidance for studying the molecular regulatory mechanism of flower and fruit abscission. 展开更多
关键词 Horticultural plants Organ abscission Abscission zones(AZs) Regulatory mechanism flower FRUIT
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Convergent relationships between flower economics and hydraulic traits across aquatic and terrestrial herbaceous plants
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作者 Yan Ke Feng-Ping Zhang +5 位作者 Yun-Bing Zhang Wei Li Qin Wang Da Yang Jiao-Lin Zhang Kun-Fang Cao 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期601-610,共10页
Maintaining open flowers is critical for successful pollination and depends on long-term water and carbon balance.Yet the relationship between how flower hydraulic traits are coordinated in different habitats is poorl... Maintaining open flowers is critical for successful pollination and depends on long-term water and carbon balance.Yet the relationship between how flower hydraulic traits are coordinated in different habitats is poorly understood.Here,we hypothesize that the coordination and trade-offs between floral hydraulics and economics traits are independent of environmental conditions.To test this hypothesis,we investigated a total of 27 flower economics and hydraulic traits in six aquatic and six terrestrial herbaceous species grown in a tropical botanical garden.We found that although there were a few significant differences,most flower hydraulics and economics traits did not differ significantly between aquatic and terrestrial herbaceous plants.Both flower mass per area and floral longevity were significantly positively correlated with the time required for drying full-hydrated flowers to 70%relative water content.Flower dry matter content was strongly and positively related to drought tolerance of the flowers as indicated by flower water potential at the turgor loss point.In addition,there was a trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and the construction cost of a flower across species.Our results show that flowers of aquatic and terrestrial plants follow the same economics spectrum pattern.These results suggest a convergent flower economics design across terrestrial and aquatic plants,providing new insights into the mechanisms by which floral organs adapt to aquatic and terrestrial habitats. 展开更多
关键词 Aquatic plants Floral longevity flower economics traits flower hydraulic traits Terrestrial plants
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Genetic control of flowering time in woody plants: Roses as an emerging model 被引量:6
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作者 Xue Dong Xiaodong Jiang +4 位作者 Guoqiang Kuang Qingbo Wang Micai Zhong Dongmin Jin Jinyong Hu 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第2期104-110,共7页
Genetic control of the timing of flowering in woody plants is complex and has yet to be adequately investigated due to their long life-cycle and difficulties in genetic modification.Studies in Populus,one of the best ... Genetic control of the timing of flowering in woody plants is complex and has yet to be adequately investigated due to their long life-cycle and difficulties in genetic modification.Studies in Populus,one of the best woody plant models,have revealed a highly conserved genetic network for flowering timing in annuals.However,traits like continuous flowering cannot be addressed with Populus.Roses and strawberries have relatively small,diploid genomes and feature enormous natural variation.With the development of new genetic populations and genomic tools,roses and strawberries have become good models for studying the molecular mechanisms underpinning the regulation of flowering in woody plants.Here,we review findings on the molecular and genetic factors controlling continuous flowering in roses and woodland strawberries.Natural variation at TFL1 orthologous genes in both roses and strawberries seems be the key plausible factor that regulates continuous flowering.However,recent efforts suggest that a two-recessive-loci model may explain the controlling of continuous flowering in roses.We propose that epigenetic factors,including non-coding RNAs or chromatin-related factors,might also play a role.Insights into the genetic control of flowering time variation in roses should benefit the development of new germplasm for woody crops and shed light on the molecular genetic bases for the production and maintenance of plant biodiversity. 展开更多
关键词 ROSE Continuous flowering Model woody plant GENETICS Bulk-segregation analysis Genome-wide prediction
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Diversity of Flowering Plants in Nubri Valley, Manaslu Conservation Area, Central Nepal
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作者 Shova Sapkota Bikram Pandey Krishna Kumar Shrestha 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2017年第6期1484-1498,共15页
Central Nepal has long history in the field of botanical investigation in contrast with different parts of the nation. Nevertheless, the present study area (Manaslu Conservation Area) is still under-explored. The pres... Central Nepal has long history in the field of botanical investigation in contrast with different parts of the nation. Nevertheless, the present study area (Manaslu Conservation Area) is still under-explored. The present floristic study was carried out with the aim of fulfilling this gap by giving particular attention on flowering plants and their documentation. Two field visits were directed in May-June 2012 and September-October 2012 in two unique seasons with a specific end goal to gather plant samples of both seasons. On the contrary, herbarium specimens were prepared and later identified at Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH) and National Herbarium and Plant Laboratory (KATH). The present study uncovers the presence of 276 species of flowering plants belonging to 78 families and 200 genera of which 63 families belong to dicotyledons and 15 families belong to monocotyledons. Among these, 17 species (6.15%) of climbers, 178 species (64.49%) of herbs, 58 species (21.01%) of shrubs and 23 species (8.33%) of trees are found. Economically important flowering plants comprise about 156 species where 75 species are used as medicine, 29 species as fuel wood, 23 species as fodder, 29 species are edible, 6 species are for religious purpose, 5 specifically for construction purpose, 10 for ornamental and 13 species reported to have miscellaneous uses. MCA accounts to 9 flowering plant species for research and development and agro-technology development and 12 species are listed under IUCN and CAMP threatened categories. MCA and its affinity are likewise house to 10 endemic flowering plants. As from the study it can be inferred that Manaslu Conservation Area (MCA) is a treasure hub of flowering plants that not only represent its economic importance rather it is also a house to threaten and endemic flowering plants. Thus, proper management plans must be implemented for the conservation of resources in MCA. 展开更多
关键词 flowering plants Documentation Economic Important plants THREATENED ENDEMIC Manaslu CONSERVATION Area
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Sex Determination and Sexual Organ Differentiation in Flowering Plants
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作者 HouYanan LiFenglan GaoShumin 《Forestry Studies in China》 CAS 2004年第4期50-57,共8页
The research in the genetics of sex determination and the differentiation of reproductive organs in flowering plants has long been a topic in recent years. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms that contr... The research in the genetics of sex determination and the differentiation of reproductive organs in flowering plants has long been a topic in recent years. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms that control sex determination in flower- ing plants relies on detailed studies of the differentiation of sexual organs. Current theories about sex chromosomes have illuminated the mechanisms of plant sex determination. In addition, recent progress in cloning floral homeotic genes which regulate the identity of the floral organs has generated molecular markers to compare the developmental programs of male, female and hermaphrodite flowers in several species. In this review, the authors focus attention on these recent findings and provide a brief overview of the genetics of plant sex determination and the mechanism of sex determination gene expression and gene programs. 展开更多
关键词 sex determination sexual organ organ differentiation flowering plant
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How Do Flowering Plants Make New Plants?
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作者 侯洁 《疯狂英语(双语世界)》 2022年第1期46-47,9,共3页
You have learned about seeds,pollen,stems,roots,flowers and pollination about some of the plants.Are you sure that you’re clear about them?Here are some questions below for you to test yourself.Just choose the correc... You have learned about seeds,pollen,stems,roots,flowers and pollination about some of the plants.Are you sure that you’re clear about them?Here are some questions below for you to test yourself.Just choose the correct option,A,B or C. 展开更多
关键词 plants flowerS YOURSELF
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Effect of vernalization and plant growth regulators on flowering of Onithogalum ‘Chesapeake Snowflake’ 被引量:1
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作者 王锦 Virginia R.Walter 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2006年第1期23-28,共6页
The effect of vernalization and two growth regulators Fascination^TM and Pro-Gibb^R on the growth, inflorescence development and flowering of Omithogalurrt Chesapeake Snowflake' was studied. Regardless of growth regu... The effect of vernalization and two growth regulators Fascination^TM and Pro-Gibb^R on the growth, inflorescence development and flowering of Omithogalurrt Chesapeake Snowflake' was studied. Regardless of growth regulator treatment, chilling bulbs for 3 weeks at 10℃ before planting accelerated flowering of the first inflorescence by 5 to 6 days, elongated floral stem length by 1.5 to 2 cm and shortened leaf length by 4 to 5 cm as compared with non-chilled bulbs. When bulbs were chilled 3 weeks at 10℃ before planting, Fascination 2% and Pro-Gibb accelerated flowering of the first inflorescence by 2 to 6 days respectively as compared with the control. When bulbs were not chilled before planting, Fascination 2% and Pro-Gibb accelerated flowering of the first inflorescence by 6 to12 days respectively as compared with the control. The lengths of the leaves and the inflorescences were not affected by PGR treatment. Higher rates of Pro-Gibb (100 mg.L^-1 and 200 mg.L^-1) and more amount of Fascination 2%(100 μL and 200 μL) can cause abortion of inflorescence. 展开更多
关键词 VERNALIZATION plant growth regulators flowering Onithogalum ‘Chesapeake Snowflake'
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Effect of Shoot Control on Flower Bud Differentiation,Flowering,and Fruit Setting in Zanthoxylum armatum DC. 被引量:1
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作者 Xiandang Shen Runxi He +2 位作者 Xin Li Zhuogong Shi Jinfang Meng 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第12期3251-3266,共16页
In this study,newly sprouted shoots of Zanthoxylum armatum(Z.armatum),which were collected after the harvesting period,were used as the primary experimental specimens.A randomized block design and paraffin sectioning ... In this study,newly sprouted shoots of Zanthoxylum armatum(Z.armatum),which were collected after the harvesting period,were used as the primary experimental specimens.A randomized block design and paraffin sectioning method were used to investigate the flower bud differentiation process and the quantity and vitality of buds.Furthermore,the study examined the response of flowering and fruiting to cultivation methods for shoot growth,including layering and plant growth regulator application.The results showed that(a)layering and application of plant growth regulators for Z.armatum accelerated the process of flower bud differentiation by approximately 20 days compared to the control group.Additionally,both shoot control methods generated more and larger bud primordia and perianth primordia during the same differentiation phase.(b)The application of plant growth regulators resulted in well-developed buds,exhibiting higher levels of flower bud differentiation than the layering method.The quality of flower bud formation for both shoot control methods was superior to that of the control group.(c)The flowering phenological period was relatively consistent between the two cultivation methods,but the fruit maturity phase for shoot-controlled trees occurred 20 days earlier than the control group.(d)Both layering and the application of plant growth regulators significantly decreased the rates of unfertilized flower shedding and fruit shedding.However,no significant difference was noted in fruit setting per inflorescence and per flower between the two methods and the control.The effect of altitude for both methods on the fruit setting was not significant.Under both shoot control methods,the Z.armatum exhibited earlier morphological differentiation of flower buds,faster differentiation process,improved flower bud quality,and significantly decreased rates of flower and fruit shedding.Thus,these cultivation methods demonstrated the potential to promote flowering,improve fruit setting,and reduce fruit shedding in Z.armatum. 展开更多
关键词 Zanthoxylum armatum DC. flower bud differentiation flowering and fruiting phenological period LAYERING plant growth regulator
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Mapping QTL for flowering time-related traits under three plant densities in maize 被引量:4
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作者 Liwei Wang Zhiqiang Zhou +7 位作者 Ronggai Li Jianfeng Weng Quanguo Zhang Xinghua Li Baoqiang Wang Wenying Zhang Wei Song Xinhai Li 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第2期372-379,共8页
Flowering time is an indicator of adaptation in maize and a key trait for selection in breeding.The genetic basis of flowering time in maize,especially in response to plant density,remains unclear.The objective of thi... Flowering time is an indicator of adaptation in maize and a key trait for selection in breeding.The genetic basis of flowering time in maize,especially in response to plant density,remains unclear.The objective of this study was to identify maize quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with flowering time-related traits that are stably expressed under several plant densities and show additive effects that vary with plant density.Three hundred recombinant inbred lines(RIL)derived from a cross between Ye 478 and Qi 319,together with their parents,were planted at three plant densities(90,000,120,000,and 150,000 plants ha^(-1))in four environments.The five traits investigated were days to tasseling(DTT),days to silking(DTS),days to pollen shed(DTP),interval between anthesis and silking(ASI),and interval between tasseling and anthesis(TAI).A high-resolution bin map was used for QTL mapping.In the RIL population,the DTT,DTS,and DTP values increased with plant density,whereas the ASI and TAI values showed negligible response to plant density.A total of 72 QTL were identified for flowering time-related traits,including 15 stably expressed across environments.Maize flowering time under different densities seems to be regulated by complex pathways rather than by several major genes or an independent pathway.The effects of some stable QTL,especially qDTT8-1 and qDTT10-4,varied with plant density.Fine mapping and cloning of these QTL will shed light on the mechanism of flowering time and assist in breeding earlymaturing maize inbred lines and hybrids. 展开更多
关键词 MAIZE flowering time plant density Recombinant inbred lines(RIL) Genetic basis
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Analysis on Effects of Chilling Damages on Flowers and Plants at Beibei Area in Winter and Its Prevention Countermeasures 被引量:5
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作者 汪志辉 李光兵 +2 位作者 彭超 张爽 刘斌 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第9期1367-1371,共5页
[Objective] The aim was to provide direction for the development of flowers and plants industry at Beibei area of Chongqing.[Method] Effects of temperature ranges and influencing time of chilling damages in winter on ... [Objective] The aim was to provide direction for the development of flowers and plants industry at Beibei area of Chongqing.[Method] Effects of temperature ranges and influencing time of chilling damages in winter on local flowers and plants at Beibei area were analyzed,using extreme minimum temperature data during 1960 to 2009 and the phenological growth conditions and phenological observation data of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd and Michelia champaca during 2005 to 2007 at Beibei area.[Result] Chilling damages affecting flowers and plants at Beibei area mostly emerged from late December to early February,the effects of which were relative serious in January with a temperature range from-2 to 5 ℃;the optimum temperatures were 12-28 ℃ for flowers and plants grown at Beibei area in Chongqing,being higher or lower than that temperature range will affect the normally overwintering flowering and growing;chilling damages affecting the flower seedlings would appear when being at extreme minimum temperatures lower than 6 ℃ for 3 d in any phenophase in winter.[Conclusion] According to the characters of chilling damages in winter,the influences of which on flowers and plants can be reduced through combining tendency prediction and adopting corresponding measures. 展开更多
关键词 Chilling damages flowers and plants Extreme minimum temperature
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The BnTFL1–BnGF14nu–BnFD module regulates flower development and plant architecture in Brassica napus
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作者 Jianjun Wang Chi Zhang +9 位作者 Youpeng Chen Yanan Shao Meifang Liao Qian Hou Weitang Zhang Yang Zhu Yuan Guo Zijin Liu Christian Jung Mingxun Chen 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第6期1696-1710,共15页
Flower development and plant architecture determine the efficiency of mechanized harvest and seed yield in Brassica napus.Although TERMINAL FLOWER 1(AtTFL1)is a regulator of flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana,... Flower development and plant architecture determine the efficiency of mechanized harvest and seed yield in Brassica napus.Although TERMINAL FLOWER 1(AtTFL1)is a regulator of flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana,the function and regulatory mechanism of TFL1 orthologs in B.napus remains unclear.Six BnTFL1 paralogs in the genome of the B.napus inbred line‘K407’showed steadily increasing expression during vernalization.CRISPR/Cas-induced mutagenesis of up to four BnTFL1 paralogs resulted in early flowering and alteration of plant architecture,whereas seed yield was not altered in BnTFL1 single,double,or triple mutants.Six BnTFL1 paralogs,but not BnaA02.TFL1,showed an additive and conserved effect on regulating flowering time,total and terminal flower number,and plant architecture.BnaA10.TFL1 regulates flower development by interacting with BnaA08.FD through the protein BnaA05.GF14nu,resulting in the transcriptional repression of floral integrator and floral meristem identity genes.These findings about the regulatory network controlling flower development and plant architecture present a promising route to modifying these traits in B.napus. 展开更多
关键词 BnTFL1 CRISPR/Cas flower development plant architecture Seed yield
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Both small and large plants are likely to produce staminate(male)flowers in a hermaphrodite lily 被引量:2
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作者 EiEi Shwe Bo Wu Shuang-Quan Huang 《Plant Diversity》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第3期142-147,共6页
Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex expression.Size-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocat... Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex expression.Size-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocation may increase with plant size.In many hermaphrodites with large floral displays,however,later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.This paradoxical relationship between female and male function and plant size remains poorly understood.The subalpine lily Lilium lankongense has individuals of three sexual types:males with only staminate flowers,hermaphrodites with only perfect flowers,and andromonoecious plants with both perfect and staminate flowers.Here we tested theoretical predictions of size-dependent sex allocation in L.lankongense by measuring plant height and flower number of individuals of each sex at five field sites in the mountainous region of Shangri-La,southwestern China.To investigate variation in phenotypic gender,we identified sex expression of 457 individuals one year later.Our investigation showed that male plants,which usually produced one flower,were significantly smaller than and ro monoecious and hermaphrodite plants.In addition,the total flower numbers of andromonoecious and hermaphrodite plants increased significantly with plant size.Large individuals were more likely to produce terminal staminate flowers,as there were more flowers in andromonoecious than in hermaphrodite individuals.Non-flowered plants were significantly smaller than flowering ones.Perfect flowers had significantly larger petals and pistils than staminate flowers,but they did not differ in dry weight of stamens.Our findings indicate that when plants are small,the less costly sex is favored,consistent with the‘size-advantage hypothesis’.When plants are large,both female and male investments change isometrically,as later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male. 展开更多
关键词 ANDROMONOECY plant size Lilium lankongense Phenotypic gender Size-dependent sex allocation Staminate flower
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The IDD Transcription Factors:Their Functions in Plant Development and Environmental Response
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作者 Jing Liu Defeng Shu +5 位作者 Zilong Tan Mei Ma Huanhuan Yang Ning Guo Shipeng Li Dayong Cui 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第1期63-79,共17页
INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN proteins(IDDs)are a plant-specific transcription factor family characterized by a conserved ID domain with four zinc finger motifs.Previous studies have demonstrated that IDDs coordinate a diversi... INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN proteins(IDDs)are a plant-specific transcription factor family characterized by a conserved ID domain with four zinc finger motifs.Previous studies have demonstrated that IDDs coordinate a diversity of physiological processes and functions in plant growth and development,including floral transition,plant architecture,seed and root development,and hormone signaling.In this review,we especially summarized the latest knowledge on the functions and working models of IDD members in Arabidopsis,rice,and maize,particularly focusing on their role in the regulatory network of biotic and abiotic environmental responses,such as gravity,temperature,water,and pathogens.Understanding these mechanisms underlying the function of IDD proteins in these processes is important for improving crop yields by manipulating their activity.Overall,the review offers valuable insights into the functions and mechanisms of IDD proteins in plants,providing a foundation for further research and potential applications in agriculture. 展开更多
关键词 INDETERMINATE DOMAIN flowering time root development shoot gravitropism plant immunity hormonal signaling environmental responses
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Role of plant hormones in flowering and exogenous hormone application in fruit/nut trees:a review of pecans
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作者 Amandeep Kaur Niels Maness +2 位作者 Louise Ferguson Wei Deng Lu Zhang 《Fruit Research》 2021年第1期140-148,共9页
Pecan is the only native north American tree nut.The USA produces approximately 80%of the world’s pecans.Pecan trees have an extended juvenility,10 years to the first nut crop.With mature bearing they begin alternate... Pecan is the only native north American tree nut.The USA produces approximately 80%of the world’s pecans.Pecan trees have an extended juvenility,10 years to the first nut crop.With mature bearing they begin alternate bearing;alternating large and small crops.Theoretically,a heavy crop inhibits flower induction in the current year resulting in a low crop the following year.The flowering of perennial trees involves a complex interplay of multiple hormones.The possible molecular mechanisms regulating tree flowering can be revealed by endogenous plant hormone quantification,exogenous hormone application and RNA-sequencing.In this review,we synthesize the investigations of transcriptomic analysis and exogenous hormone treatments on bud break and flowering in fruit/nut trees with a focus on pecan.Knowledge of how hormones regulate flowering suggest they are a potential tool for improving return bloom and mitigating alternate bearing. 展开更多
关键词 plant APPLICATION flowering
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The Effect of Photosynthetic Active Radiation and Temperature on Growth and Flowering of Ten Flowering Pot Plant Species
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作者 Leiv M.Mortensen 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2014年第13期1907-1917,共11页
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Rosa sp. (miniature roses), Sinningia speciosa, Gerbera hybrida, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Hydrangea, Begonia x hiemalis, Calceolaria, Cyclamen persicum and Pelargonium domesticum were grown at ... Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Rosa sp. (miniature roses), Sinningia speciosa, Gerbera hybrida, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Hydrangea, Begonia x hiemalis, Calceolaria, Cyclamen persicum and Pelargonium domesticum were grown at six photon flux densities (85, 130, 170, 215, 255 and 300 μmol·m-2·s-1, PFD) during lighting periods of 20 h·day-1 at three air temperatures (18°C, 21°C and 24°C) in midwinter at latitude 59° north. This corresponded to photosynthetic active radiations (PAR) ranging from 6.1 to 21.6 mol·m-2·day-1. Time until flowering decreased in all species except Cyclamen when the temperature increased from 18°C to 21°C, particularly at lower PFD levels. A further increase in temperature, from 21°C to 24°C, clearly decreased time until flowering in six of the ten tested species. Generally, this represented a reduction in the time until flowering between 20% and 40%. The dry weight of the plants at time of flowering increased up to 170 μmol·m-2·s-1 PFD (12.2 mol·m-2·day-1 PAR) in Hibiscus, miniature rose, Kalanchoe and Pelargonium, while the dry weight reached a maximum at 85 to 130 μmol·m-2·s-1 PFD mol·m-2·day-1 (6.1 to 9.4 mol·m-2·day-1)in the other species. Based on the present results a PAR level of 6 to 8 mol m-2·day-1 is recommended for Calceolaria and Cyclamen, of 8 to 10 mol·m-2·day-1 for Sinningia, Gerbera, Kalanchoe, Hydrangea and Begonia, of 10 to 12 mol·m-2·day-1 for Pelargonium and of 12 to 15 mol·m-2 day-1 for Hibiscus and miniature roses. 展开更多
关键词 Air Temperature flowering GROWTH Photon Flux Density(PFD) Photosynthetic Active Radiation(PAR) Pot plants
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Establishment and Application of Flower Border Plant Database for Beijing
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作者 夏冰 何婷婷 董丽 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2010年第10期30-33,共4页
Through field investigation and phenological observation, Microsoft Access database management system is used to establish a relatively comprehensive database of flower border plant materials for Beijing which can pro... Through field investigation and phenological observation, Microsoft Access database management system is used to establish a relatively comprehensive database of flower border plant materials for Beijing which can provide multi-perspective retrieval channels, so as to effectively select materials for designing and building flower borders. 展开更多
关键词 MICROSOFT Access flower BORDER plant materials DATABASE
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The Response of First Flowering Dates to Abrupt Climate Change in Beijing 被引量:7
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作者 白洁 葛全胜 戴君虎 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第3期564-572,共9页
Phenological data on the First Flowering Date(FFD) of woody plants in Beijing from 1963-2007 are analyzed.The correlation between each species’ yearly FFD and the mean monthly temperatures for every year over a 45-ye... Phenological data on the First Flowering Date(FFD) of woody plants in Beijing from 1963-2007 are analyzed.The correlation between each species’ yearly FFD and the mean monthly temperatures for every year over a 45-year period is used to identify the month in which temperature has the most effect on FFD. Through further analysis,the FFDs of 48 woody plant species are shown to have advanced an average of 5.4 days from 1990-2007 compared to 1963-1989.The results indicate that 70.8%of species flowered significantly earlier(7 days on average) during the period 1990-2007,while only one species(2.1%) flowered significantly later.Moreover,the responses of FFD to climate change are shown to be different in two climatic stages, defined by an abrupt climate change point.Thirty-three species which first flower in March and April are sensitive to temperature are examined.The correlation coefficients between FFD and temperature for 20 species during the latter period(1990-2007) are shown to be larger than during the former period(1963- 1989),with a difference of around -0.87 days per 1℃on average.The paper concludes that with the warming of climate,the linear trend of FFD variation,as well as its responsiveness to temperature,became more prominent during 1990-2007 than 1963-1989.The data analyzed in this study present a strong biological indicator of climate change in Beijing,and provide further confirmation of previous results from regional and local studies across the Northern Hemisphere.Phenophase variations indicate that the climate is changing rapidly. 展开更多
关键词 PHENOLOGY climate change first flowering date(FFD) woody plants
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Effects of Two Composted Plant Pesticide Residues,Incorporated with Trichoderma viride,on Root-Knot Nematode in Balloonflower 被引量:7
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作者 ZHANG Shuang-xi ZHANG Xing 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2009年第4期447-454,共8页
Plant pesticide residues, such as chinaberry (Melia toosendan) residue and sand cypress (Sabina vulgaris) residue, are pesticidal plant materials discarded after the bioactive ingredient has been extracted with or... Plant pesticide residues, such as chinaberry (Melia toosendan) residue and sand cypress (Sabina vulgaris) residue, are pesticidal plant materials discarded after the bioactive ingredient has been extracted with organic solvents. The only option for botanical pesticide residue utilization has been as landfill. Chinaberry residue (CBR) and sand cypress residue (SCR) were collected and composted in Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China. We studied the effects of chinaberry residue compost (CBRC), CBRC incorporated with Trichoderma viride (CBRCT), sand cypress residue compost (SCRC), and SCRC incorporated with T. viride (SCRCv) on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, infesting the balloonflower (Platycodon grandiflorum). Bioassay results indicated that stock solutions of the CBRCT and SCRCT extracts significantly inhibited egg hatching and caused high larval mortality, followed in degree by the CBRC and SCRC extracts. The CBR and SCR extracts caused very low inhibition of eggs and larvae. Supplementing potting mixtures with these four composts reduced the severity of root galling and increased the proportion of marketable roots. The severity of root galling decreased and the average weight of the marketable roots increased with an increase in all the composts when supplemented at rates from 5 to 30%. CBR- and SCR-supplemented pot soils also inhibited the nematodes, but CBR and SCR applied to the soil had a phytotoxic effect and inhibited balloonflower growth. Supplementing field soil with the composts reduced the severity of root galling and the populations of southern root-knot nematodes in the soil. CBRCT and SCRCT clearly enhanced the average weight of the marketable roots by 30.45 and 26.64%, respectively. Continuous supplementation with CBRCT or SCRCT in the same field significantly enhanced the control of the root-knot nematode, and the populations of nematodes continued to decrease with second inoculations. The populations of total Trichoderma spp. were distinctly enhanced and were maintained at high levels for a long time in the supplemented soils. 展开更多
关键词 balloon flower root-knot nematode plant pesticide residue COMPOST compost extract
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Impact of mechanical stimulation on the life cycle of horticultural plant 被引量:1
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作者 Zhengguang Liu Tobi Fadiji +2 位作者 Jun Yang Zhiguo Li Fideline Tchuenbou-Magaia 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期381-394,共14页
Mechanical stimulation technology is critical in agricultural crop production because it is constantly regarded as a developing green technology to regulate plants to meet people's need for green and healthy agric... Mechanical stimulation technology is critical in agricultural crop production because it is constantly regarded as a developing green technology to regulate plants to meet people's need for green and healthy agricultural products. Various environmental mechanical stimulation impacts seed germination, seedling growth, flowering date, fruit quantity, and fruit quality throughout the life cycle of a horticultural plant. This study first outlines the basic characteristics of six types of common mechanical stimulation in nature:precipitation, wind, gravity,touch, sound, and vibration. The effects of various mechanical stimulation types on the seed, seedling, flowering, and fruit of horticultural plants throughout their whole life cycle are then presented, as reviewed in the recent 100 years of existing literature. Finally, potential future study directions are discussed. The main challenge in mechanical stimulation technology is to uncover its potential capabilities for regulating and controlling plant development and fruit quality in green agriculture instead of agricultural chemicals. 展开更多
关键词 Mechanical stimulation plant SEED SEEDLING flowering FRUIT
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Plant Landscape Creation of Flower Sea
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作者 WU Nansheng ZHONG Ying 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2016年第5期15-16,19,共3页
Plant landscape of flower sea is the aesthetic refinement and essential configuration of flowers, it portrays a gorgeous picture in urban green patches, and becomes a focus of modern urban landscaping. Flower sea plan... Plant landscape of flower sea is the aesthetic refinement and essential configuration of flowers, it portrays a gorgeous picture in urban green patches, and becomes a focus of modern urban landscaping. Flower sea plants in modern gardens are characterized by harmonious seasonal aspects, wild fun, and ecolandscape connectivity; configurations of diversified flower sea plant species cater for psychological needs of urban residents; in the creation of flower sea plant landscapes, suitable flower species should be selected, new images of suburbs highlighted, ecological and environmental conservation stressed, and landscape experience fully explored. 展开更多
关键词 flower sea plant landscape CREATION
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