Research on the Impact of Independent R&D and Collaborative Innovation on Economic Performance in China’s pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the impact of independent R&D and collaborative innovation on economic performance in the pharmaceutical industry.Methods A panel regression model was established by selecting the panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019.Results and Conclusion Independent R&D and collaborative innovation of the pharmaceutical industry in eastern,central and western regions of China had a positive effect on economic performance.Besides,the promotion effect of independent R&D was greater than that of collaborative innovation.The positive driving effect of economic performance is the largest among the three regions,followed by the central and western regions.The collaborative innovation has the greatest positive effect on economic performance in the central region,followed by the eastern and western regions.

Exploring Barriers and Opportunities in Adopting Crowdsourcing Based New Product Development in Manufacturing SMEs

Crowdsourcing is an innovative business practice of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content or even funds by soliciting contributions from a large group of people （the ＇Crowd＇）. The potential benefits of utilizing crowdsourcing in product design are well-documented, but little research exists on what are the barriers and opportunities in adopting crowdsourcing in new product development （NPD） of manufacturing SMEs. In order to answer the above questions, a Proof of Market study is carried out on crowdsourcing-based product design under an Innovate UK funded Smart project, which aims at identifying the needs, challenges and future development opportunities associated with adopting crowdsourcing strategies for NPD. The research findings from this study are reported here and can be used to guide future development of crowdsourcing-based collaborative design methods and tools and provide some practical references for industry to adopt this new and emerging collaborative design method in their business.

A model for mold collaborative manufacturing execution system based on Web Service

Mold manufacturing Extended Enterprise （EE） has the following characteristics： distributed in locality, tight cooperation and frequent information exchange. It needs a collaborative, highly efficient, reliable and intelligent manufacturing management system. The background of the Collaborative Manufacturing is introduced. A mold Collaborative Manufacturing Execution System （c-MES） is proposed. The feature of Web Service platform is analyzed. The necessity and feasibility of importing the Web Service to mold c-MES are discussed. Based on Web Service, the model of mold c-MES is built. Every module＇ s function is described in detail, including the functions it supplies and the mechanism of information interaction among them. The feasibility of mold c-MES model is validated by a real mold manufacturing case.

Comparison of Production-Triggering Strategies for Manufacturing Enterprises under Random Orders

Although new technologies have been deeply applied in manufacturing systems,manufacturing enterprises are still encountering difficulties in maintaining efficient and flexible production due to the random arrivals of diverse customer requirements.Fast order delivery and low inventory cost are fundamentally contradictory to each other.How to make a suitable production-triggering strategy is a critical issue for an enterprise to maintain a high level of competitiveness in a dynamic environment.In this paper,we focus on production-triggering strategies for manufacturing enterprises to satisfy randomly arriving orders and reduce inventory costs.Unified theoretical models and simulation models of different production strategies are proposed,including time-triggered strategies,event-triggered strategies,and hybrid-triggered strategies.In each model,both part-production-triggering strategies and product-assembly-triggering strategies are considered and implemented.The time-triggered models and hybrid-triggered models also consider the impact of the period on system performance.The results show that hybrid-triggered and time-triggered strategies yield faster order delivery and lower inventory costs than event-triggered strategies if the period is set appropriately.

Evolution of Manufacturing Strategy and System in Multinational Corporations:Internationalisation and Inter-firm Collaboration Redefine the Boundaries of Manufacturing and Firm

In recent decades, the world economy has been stron gl y driven by worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) of transnational corporati ons (TNCs). And business globalisation is leading to widespread re-structuring of international manufacturing systems in TNCs. However, still very little sys tematic research in manufacturing engineering or production/operations managemen t (P/O M) has focused on these new types of globalised manufacturing systems, an d little communication is organised between different academic disciplines such as manufacturing, management/ business studies, economics, geography, internatio nal development studies and so on. Many critical issues are still poorly unders tood and are not covered by current research agendas, for example: · properties of international manufacturing network systems in terms of structu ral architecture, dynamic mechanisms, strategic capabilities, strategy processes , new technology, and alliance relationships · knowledge management and organisational learning mechanisms in international manufacturing context, especially in globally coordinated networks at both intra - and inter- organisational levels · global economic trends, regional collaboration, national culture/identity, an d their impacts on industrial sector development, and company’s manufacturin g system design/re-structuring In industry, lack of global vision and appropriate strategies during internation alisation have become major barrier to the effective management of international operations. In academia, limited multi-discipline exchanges have inhibited de velopments not only in each area but also knowledge contribution to industry whi ch could arise from discipline integration. This paper, based on recent years case observations and action research work on manufacturing internationalisation, especially globalisation, introduces an evol utionary process of manufacturing systems. It seeks to explore the external and internal driving forces of the transformation and the responses of manufacturin g systems in terms of static architectures, dynamic mechanisms, and strategic ca pabilities in the evolutionary process. The paper Reviews recent researches on manufacturing internationalisation in dif ferent disciplines to gain a comprehensive picture about international manufactu ring system from different perspectives. Based on the empirical observations of industrial issues and difficulties, a further research framework is proposed to tackle wider issues in international manufacturing covering manufacturing value creation process, internationalisation process, and strategic alliance formatio n process. The paper argues that, besides deep research on three dimensions of international manufacturing system, development of strategy process to synthesis e these three processes is more important in the future research work. It sugge sts that it is necessary to enhance the collaboration between countries and disc iplines, and stimulate explorations of new frameworks that can provide more insi ghts about new manufacturing systems and foresights their development.

Manufacturing enterprise collaboration network:An empirical research and evolutionary model

With the increasingly fierce market competition,manufacturing enterprises have to continuously improve their competitiveness through their collaboration and labor division with each other,i.e.forming manufacturing enterprise collaborative network(MECN)through their collaboration and labor division is an effective guarantee for obtaining competitive advantages.To explore the topology and evolutionary process of MECN,in this paper we investigate an empirical MECN from the viewpoint of complex network theory,and construct an evolutionary model to reproduce the topological properties found in the empirical network.Firstly,large-size empirical data related to the automotive industry are collected to construct an MECN.Topological analysis indicates that the MECN is not a scale-free network,but a small-world network with disassortativity.Small-world property indicates that the enterprises can respond quickly to the market,but disassortativity shows the risk spreading is fast and the coordinated operation is difficult.Then,an evolutionary model based on fitness preferential attachment and entropy-TOPSIS is proposed to capture the features of MECN.Besides,the evolutionary model is compared with a degree-based model in which only node degree is taken into consideration.The simulation results show the proposed evolutionary model can reproduce a number of critical topological properties of empirical MECN,while the degree-based model does not,which validates the effectiveness of the proposed evolutionary model.

Study on the Collaboration between Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Production Process

The advanced manufacturing technology of mechanical products features interaction, and high simulation, etc. In this paper, a digital geometry model for the processing is established with the aid of computer technology, so that the needs of machinery manufacturing production and precision machining can be fulfilled, and also the simulation, validation, comparison, and optimization of many plans can be implemented for ultimately finding out an optimal processing method and realizing the benefit of low cost and high quality. From two different levels of activity and parts, the configuration principle of mechanical products＇ advanced manufacturing technology is defined. Therefore, the advanced manufacturing technology for customizing different products can be derived, and also the reuse of different types of parts is realized. Finally, this is verified with an example.

Empirical Study of the Relations between Executive Compensation Gap and R&D Investment in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Enterprises

Objective To study the correlation between executive compensation gap and R&D investment of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in China by taking 53 pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2015 to 2017 as research samples. Methods Multiple linear regression methods was used to study the relationship and influence between executive compensation gap and R&D investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry based on championship theory and principal-agent theory. Results and Conclusion There is a significant positive correlation between executive compensation gap in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and enterprise R&D investment. Listed pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises should design reasonable salary gap between senior executives and carry out reasonable research and development activities to promote the sustainable development of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises. This study provides theoretical basis for optimizing executive compensation gap and increasing R&D investment in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.

Developing Chinese Collaborative Manufacturing:From the Perspective of Western Manufacturing System Evolution

Chinese manufacturing companies are facing intensif ie d challenges from the world after joining the world trade organisation (WTO). I t is especially critical when China is currently trying to achieve its industria lisation. To identify gaps between Chinese manufacturers and world class player s can actually help Chinese companies understand real challenges and opportuniti es for improvement. Various types of manufacturing technologies and systems have been emerging drama tically since information, manu...

基于EDAS的高端装备制造业协同创新伙伴选择

伴随市场环境的复杂多变,高端装备制造业必须通过协同创新来增强技术实力及提高创新成效,其中伙伴选择是其实现创新的关键一步。首先,分析总结伙伴选择评价指标相关文献,并结合高端装备制造业协同创新发展需求,从互补性、兼容性、创新资源、创新能力、创新环境、声誉与信任及技术水平这7个维度,建立了高端装备制造业协同创新伙伴选择指标体系;然后,考虑到高端装备制造业的复杂性及专家评价的模糊性,在概率犹豫模糊环境下,构建基于可能度的平均解距离法(evaluation based on distance from average solution,EDAS)群决策评价模型,并将其应用到该指标体系下的协同创新伙伴选择中;最后,通过一个算例,对该研究方法加以验证,为高端装备制造业进行协同创新伙伴选择提供一定的参考。

Social Manufacturing for High-end Apparel Customization

Social manufacturing(SM), a novel distributed,collaborative and intelligent manufacturing mode, is proposed and developed for high-end apparel customization. The main components of SM cloud are designed, and its research topics are summarized. Then, SM's key technologies are studied. 3D technologies for apparel customization, like 3D modeling, 3D fitting mirror and 3D customization, are developed to improve the customization precision and user experience. Information based collaborative management is realized to share, communicate,and handle the information efficiently among all groups and individuals of SM cloud. Suppliers' evaluation mechanism is designed to support the optimal decisions making. Next, SM cloud is constructed in five layers for high-end apparel customization.By using SM cloud based crowd-sourcing, social resources can be allocated rationally and utilized efficiently, consumer can customize the product in any processes like innovation, design,making, marketing and service, and traditional apparel enterprise can be upgraded into SM mode for keeping it competitive in the future customization markets.

Research on Product Digital Collaborative Design System

Network economy had changed manufacturing environme nt at all. Open global market offer more choice to customer, and it become changea ble and unpredictable as consumers’ needs become more and more characteristic an d diversified. Various new technology coming forth and application accelerate th e rapid change of the market. The manufacturing enterprises were compelled t o change their strategy by the variability of the market, and time has been put to the all-important place. There is a need driven by the market to set up a ne twork design and manufacturing mode which have rapid market responsiveness. In order to meet the need for network manufacturing, the organization and manage ment of manufacturing enterprise need a completely innovation, next generation o f manufacturing system must have the character such as digitization, flexibility , agility, customization and globalization and so on. As for an enterprise in au to industry, how to gather together the orders through the distribution, and rap id produce the product which can meet the customer’s need, it is the key that th e contemporary enterprises succeed in the competitive market. The competitive market requires rapid product development. Close cooperation amo ng the designers will accelerate the product development by shortening the devel opment cycle, improving the product quality and reducing the investment. It has been emphasized in the methodology of concurrent engineering (CE). But sometimes those partners are distributed in the world, so there is a need for an importan t technology contribution to collaborative engineering, and supporting distribut ed designers for rapid product development. This paper focuses on a collaborative design system: Product Digit Collaborative Design System (PDCDS). The solution of PDCDS can make it more efficient and rel iable to visit teledata as well as we can get it from local database. It will be ease to get the newest design process information aided by PDCDS, and it will h ave higher efficiency by collaborative work. Comparing with other traditional Pr oduct Data Management (PDM) software system, PDCDS have some new characters such as group, dynamicness, synchronization or asynchronism working mode, and the hi story recorder is needed, and it also surport Webservice.

基于改进RRT算法的数控机床上下料机器人路径规划仿真研究

针对工业机器人辅助的数控机床对避障、平稳且以较快速度实现目标点定位的需求,设计了三维空间中工业机器人轨迹规划的目标函数,提出具有角度目标导向的改进RRT算法,构建了基于机器人操作系统(ROS)的AUBO i5机器人数控机床上下料仿真环境。在ROS中分别对数控机床加工环境的主要组成部分进行仿真,模拟真实工况;在创建数控机床加工环境的基础上,利用Moveit!和Gezebo平台对机械臂进行配置,创建了Moviet!轨迹规划和机器人控制文件,并测试两种算法的轨迹规划效果。仿真实验结果表明,改进后的RRT算法规划在规划时间和拓展点总数上分别比传统的RRT算法减少18.6%和22.7%。所提RRT改进算法可以成功应用于协作机器人的数控机床工作环境,实现人机安全协作,提高了上下料效率。

Research of Web-based 3D collaborative CAPP system

This paper present an architecture of Web-based collaborative 3D CAPP （Computer Aided Process Planning） system. It is a three tired system basis of the VRML and ActiveX technology. This Web-based system implements collaborative functions such as fixture design, process planning, G-code simulation, etc. The manufacturing resource management also discussed, which composed of equipments information management, fixtures information management, cutting tools information management and process pa- rameters information management. In the end, the procedure of collaborative process planning based on this Web-based system is in- troduced. This 3D CAPP system can be used for geographically distributed engineers to make optimized process planning of the part or assembly.

粤港澳大湾区制造业与物流业协同发展研究——基于BCC-DEA模型的实证

以粤港澳大湾区城市群的货运量、货运周转量、物流业增加值、物流业固定资产投资额、规模以上工业总产值、规模以上工业增加值以及规模以上工业企业单位数量作为衡量制造业和物流业发展的指标,选取2006—2021年的统计数据,基于规模报酬可变的数据包络分析模型(BCC-DEA)对粤港澳大湾区物流业与制造业的协同效率进行了实证研究。结果表明粤港澳大湾区制造业与物流业协同关系不稳定。基于粤港澳大湾区制造业与物流业的发展现状,提出推进制造业与物流业深度融合、因地制宜地优化粤港澳大湾区制造业与物流业布局等“两业”高质量协同发展的对策。

Collaborative manufacturing technologies of structure shape and surface integrity for complex thin-walled components of aero-engine:Status,challenge and tendency

Presently,the service performance of new-generation high-tech equipment is directly affected by the manufacturing quality of complex thin-walled components.A high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of these complex thin-walled components creates a bottleneck that needs to be solved urgently in machinery manufacturing.To address this problem,the collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity has emerged as a new process that can shorten processing cycles,improve machining qualities,and reduce costs.This paper summarises the research status on the material removal mechanism,precision control of structure shape,machined surface integrity control and intelligent process control technology of complex thin-walled components.Numerous solutions and technical approaches are then put forward to solve the critical problems in the high-performance manufacturing of complex thin-wall components.The development status,challenge and tendency of collaborative manufacturing technologies in the high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of complex thin-wall components is also discussed.

基于Internet的快速产品协同制造——DNPS网络及其实现技术

研究了企业如何利用 WEB/ INTERNET构造动态联盟以实现产品快速制造。探讨了利用 DNPS(分散网络化生产系统 )网络实现异地企业间制造资源与信息共享的框架和若干关键技术问题的实现方法。研究了在 DNPS网络环境下的虚拟企业结构模型和 DNPS的代理机制及其功能特点。探讨企业加入 DNPS及其DNPS代理的要求 。

基于PLM Services的异构PDM系统集成

针对目前异构PMD集成存在的问题,在研究和分析国际对象管理组织OMG最新发布的PLM Services规范的基础上,提出了一种基于PLM Services技术的异构PDM系统集成架构.该架构解决了2个关键问题:建立以PLM Service为标准的服务框架,以W eb服务方式为客户提供异构平台产品数据的实时交互,为企业间基于Internet的协同设计提供实现环境;利用PLMService的标准数据格式,建立数据模式设配器,实现PDM系统与PLM Service标准之间的数据模式的映射.将该框架应用于汽车行业2个PDM系统的集成,取得了良好的实际效果,与同类研究成果相比,该架构具有效率高,开发周期短,成本低,能够快速灵活地支持产品协同开发.最后,针对PDM工作流数据管理的集成,提出了进一步的研究工作设想.

基于RFID的供应链业务协作决策支持方法研究

制造企业的竞争优势体现在快速响应市场需求,根据市场需求制定生产计划,这其中离不开企业间的协作。在业务协作计划中,如何制定有效的协作决策,是摆在制造企业面前的一大难题。文中将RFID技术应用在服装供应链中,通过RFID技术实时获取供应链各节点产品状态和物流进度,为供应链各节点企业业务协作决策提供参考依据。

MBD在卫星数字化协同研制中的技术研究与应用

在深入分析卫星数字化协同研制典型问题的基础上,重点阐述了MBD(基于模型的定义)在卫星数字化协同研制过程中涉及的分布式并行协同设计、机械产品精益化智能设计、多维度设计制造一体化集成等关键技术解决方案。通过型号全流程应用验证了技术方案的可行性和合理性,提高了卫星机械的总体设计质量和效率。卫星产品开发单件定制、种类繁多、结构复杂专业综合的特点与模具类似,可为行业应用提供有益参考。