Studying Design and Use of Healthcare Technologies in Interaction: The Social Learning Perspective in a Dutch Quality Improvement Collaborative Program

Designing technologies is a process that relies on multiple interactions between design and use contexts. These interactions are essential to the development and establishment of technologies. This article seeks to understand the attempts of healthcare organisations to integrate use contexts into the design of healthcare technologies following insights of the theoretical approaches of social learning and user representations. We present a multiple case study of three healthcare technologies involved in improving elderly care practice. These cases were part of a Dutch quality improvement collaborative program, which urged that development of these technologies was not “just” development, but should occur in close collaboration with other parts of the collaborative program, which were more focused on implementation. These cases illustrate different ways to develop technologies in interaction with use contexts and users. Despite the infrastructure of the collaborative program, interactions were not without problems. We conclude by arguing that interactions between design and use are not naturally occurring phenomena, but must be actively organised in order to create effects.

Theory,technology and application of grouted bolting in soft rock roadways of deep coal mines

The grouted bolt,combining rock bolting with grouting techniques,provides an effective solution for controlling the surrounding rock in deep soft rock and fractured roadways.It has been extensively applied in numerous deep mining areas characterized by soft rock roadways,where it has demonstrated remarkable control results.This article systematically explores the evolution of grouted bolting,covering its theoretical foundations,design methods,materials,construction processes,monitoring measures,and methods for assessing its effectiveness.The overview encompassed several key elements,delving into anchoring theory and grouting reinforcement theory.The new principle of high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative active control is introduced.A fresh method for dynamic information design is also highlighted.The discussion touches on both conventional grouting rock bolts and cable bolts,as well as innovative grouted rock bolts and cables characterized by their high pretension,strength,and sealing hole pressure.An examination of the merits and demerits of standard inorganic and organic grouting materials versus the new inorganic–organic composite materials,including their specific application conditions,was conducted.Additionally,the article presents various methods and instruments to assess the support effect of grouting rock bolts,cable bolts,and grouting reinforcement.Furthermore,it provides a foundation for understanding the factors influencing decisions on grouted bolting timing,the sequence of grouting,the pressure applied,the volume of grout used,and the strategic arrangement of grouted rock bolts and cable bolts.The application of the high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative control technology in a typical kilometer-deep soft rock mine in China—the soft coal seam and soft rock roadway in the Kouzidong coal mine,Huainan coal mining area,was introduced.Finally,the existing problems in grouted bolting control technology for deep soft rock roadways are analyzed,and the future development trend of grouted bolting control technology is anticipated.

“China Shock”or China Dividend?-China GVC Participation’s Effects on Trading Partners’Technological Progress

This paper explores the effects of China’s global value chain(GVC)participation on technological progress in trading-partner countries based on estimated data on value-added trade between China and 52 trading partners.We find that,first,although China’s exports lowered the total factor productivity(TFP)of its trading partners(competitive effect),its imports greatly increased trading partners’TFP(effect of scale).This implies that China’s GVC participation is beneficial to its trading partners’technological progress in the form of a considerable technology dividend effect.Second,China’s export dividend effect compensates for the negative effect of Chinese competition on trading partners’technological progress;the innovation effects attributable to China’s imports reinforce the positive effects of scale on technological progress.When innovation is factored in,the China dividend thus becomes further reinforced.Third,China’s merchandise imports have a diminishing positive effect on technological progress in trading partners as geographical distance increases,but trade in services transcends geographical boundaries,and the positive technological progress effect of China’s service imports do not diminish as distance increases.We find that the“China dividend”from China’s GVC participation is a significant contributor to technological progress in partner nations,and China’s imports are conducive to innovation and technological progress in developed countries in the long run.

Research on engineering-oriented constraints conflict detection in collaborative design of wire harness technology

Engineering-oriented constraint of harness technology has much information and project information presents progressive changes along with the design. Therefore, how to handle conflict resolution quickly is a problem to be solved. Process model of con- flict detection is put forward according to characteristics of harness technology design engineering-oriented constraint, and then two problems of how to conduct conflict positioning and judgment of constraint rules are introduced in this paper. Afterwards in this pa- per, constraint information directed acyclic graph is established by classified project constraint information to solve the conflict posi- tioning problem; solution of constraint satisfaction problem is applied to realize judgment problem of constraint rules. Finally, exam- ple is used to analyze the method in this paper to further verify the correctness and effectiveness of this method.

Strategies for the Application of BIM Technology in the Collaborative Planning and Design of Urban Roads and Pipelines

Urban road construction and the laying of underground pipelines are both important elements in the improvement of urban infrastructure,while the construction of the two may affect and restrict each other if they are not planned systematically.Therefore,a synergistic design of urban roads and pipelines is needed to ensure the synergy of urban road construction and underground pipeline laying.This paper mainly analyzes the necessity of building information modeling(BIM)technology application in the collaborative planning and design of urban roads and pipelines,and explores the application strategy of BIM technology.

An Agent-Based Multimedia Intelligent Platform for Collaborative Design

Collaborative design can create added value in the design and production process by bringing the benefit of team work and cooperation in a concurrent and coordinated manner. However, distributed design knowledge and product data make the design process cumbersome. To facilitate collaborative design, an agent-based intelligent CAD platform is implemented. Intelligent agents are applied to the collaborative design. Adopting the JADE platform as framework, an intelligent collaborative design software (Co-Cad platform for short) is designed. In this platform, every man, design software, management software, equipment and resource is regarded as a single agent, the legacy design can be abstracted to be interaction between agents. Multimedia technology is integrated into Co-Cad platform, communication and identity authentication among collaborative designers from different areas are more convenient. Finally, an instance of collaborative design using Co-Cad platform is presented.

中德农业科技创新合作现状、问题及建议

国际农业科技合作不仅为世界各国创新发展积累经验,而且也推动了新知识与新技术的广泛传播和应用,并为经济增长和可持续发展寻找新动能,造福全人类。在中共二十大报告中,将扩大国际科技交流合作与加强国际化科研环境建设作为重点强调内容。德国作为农业科技强国,农业科技在许多领域都处于世界较为领先地位。中国作为世界农业大国,其农业科技发展水平与世界农业强国还存在一定差距。中德两国具有良好的农业科技合作基础,促进和加强两国不同创新主体之间的创新合作,既符合两国国际科技合作战略目标,又有利于共同应对和解决区域性和全球性重大农业挑战问题。为此,首先系统梳理了两国农业科技发展特点及合作基础,在此基础上,着重分析了促进和加强双方在农业科技创新领域合作的现实需求以及现有合作中存在的一些问题,最后,针对上述问题,从项目管理、合作成果考核评价、相关利益方参与度、资助模式以及中德农业科技创新平台功能挖掘等角度提出了双方在农业科技创新领域加强合作的对策建议,以其为两国未来农业科技创新合作机制的深入探索与思考提供借鉴与参考。

区块链驱动跨境电商供应链协同共生管理创新

区块链、大数据、物联网和人工智能等技术正深刻影响着全球贸易的模式和格局。构建互信共享的跨境电商贸易环境,重构跨境电商供应链多主体间价值链成为当前的急需。区块链技术引入法律规则和监管节点,可实现各监管部门的数据实时共享,提升事前监管有效性,提高跨境贸易监管效率。跨境贸易活动的全链条数字化赋能可实现全流程物流追踪,提高供应链透明度和可追溯性。保障交易信息安全完整透明真实,降低交易风险,降低贸易成本,提升贸易效率。优化跨境电商业务流程,实现跨境电商供应链多主体间协同共生管理。促进供应链管理的数字化、多元化、柔性化、平台化、生态化发展。

中瑞农业科技创新合作的必要性及对策建议

瑞士作为我国首个创新战略伙伴关系国,与我国有着良好的农业科技合作基础。两国农业科技创新需求互补性强、利益与战略契合点多、合作领域广泛、合作空间与潜力大。加强两国不同利益相关方在农业科技领域的创新合作,将有助于共同应对区域性或全球性重大农业挑战。文章阐述了双方在农业科技创新领域合作的必要性,分析了双方农业科技发展的特点以及双方合作发展态势,剖析了双方农业科技创新合作中存在的问题,并从项目管理机制、合作成果评价机制、项目资助机制、相关利益方参与机制等方面提出了双方在农业科技创新领域加强合作的对策建议,以期为两国未来合作机制的深入探索提供借鉴与参考。

跨区域重症远程协同服务平台设计与应用

目的:建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台,推动优质医疗资源下沉与均衡分布,探索专科医联体建设新路径。方法:依托5G技术、KVM等技术建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台。结果:四川大学华西医院重症医学学科与信息中心,联合第三方医学信息服务商共同建设华西医院重症医学学科联盟远程重症协同系统,破解医疗信息跨院安全传输障碍,开发远程监护、远程会诊、远程实操、远程教育、远程质控5大功能模组,服务13省140家成员单位,提供会诊查房约250例/年,教学直播约200场/年。结论:现有通信相关技术可以成功建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台,保障患者数据安全,提高远程协同效率,实现医疗资源、教学资源共享。

新工科背景下土木工程施工组织课程教学设计创新与实践

针对“土木工程施工组织”课程学生动手能力弱、参与度低等教学痛点问题,以成果导向原则为指引,在教学内容、教学方法、教学环境、教学评价、课程育人方法等方面开展了教学设计创新与实践,提出了重构教学内容、重立教学方法、重创教学环境、重建教学评价的“四重”反向设计教学法,以及工程背景-案例复盘-学思悟道“三段联动式”课程育人方法,解决课程教学痛点问题,促进课程的提质创新,帮助学生树立“我是未来土木工程师”的价值目标。

“一带一路”共建国家农业科技创新合作网络结构演化及影响因素探究

基于WOS数据库中跨国农业科技论文合著数据,借助社会网络分析法和QAP回归模型,剖析2006—2020年“一带一路”共建国家农业科技创新合作网络结构演化特征及影响因素。研究发现:(1)“一带一路”共建国家农业科技创新合作网络整体结构指标均得到了不同程度的优化,且各指标优化速度快于全球农业科技创新合作网络。(2)“一带一路”共建国家和全球国家农业科技创新合作网络去中心化趋势均较明显,多核共存特征更加突出。(3)中国和意大利在合作网络中同时扮演着核心者和中间人角色。(4)合作网络呈现出双向溢出、主受益、“经纪人”3种类型的块集聚特征,亚洲国家是推动农业科技创新合作的主引擎。(5)制度、经济、科研和认知邻近对3个阶段的合作网络都具有显著的正向影响,而空间邻近对合作的阻碍作用逐渐减弱。“一带一路”共建国家应进一步重视跨国农业科技创新合作,明确自身在合作网络中的地位与角色,充分借助网络核心国家的重要作用,加速融入农业科技创新国际合作核心网络.

基于产学研协同育人的薄膜物理与技术课程教学模式探索——以长春理工大学为例

在产学研协同育人培养技能型和应用型全面人才的背景下,以长春理工大学薄膜物理与技术课程为例,通过课程内容优化、线上教学资源建设、课内实验及竞赛联合项目设置,教学设计改革、课程测试与评价建设及课程思政建设几方面对产学研协同育人的课程教学模式进行探索,最终提高学生实践创新能力、科研能力及自身就业竞争力。同时,其也是培养合格员工且缩短人才培养周期的最佳途径,另外,也为高校产学研协同育人的课堂教学改革及实践提供一定的参考。

区块链技术赋能职业教育校企协同育人的机理与实现

以区块链技术赋能校企合作走向深入和推动职业教育高质量发展为立足点,分析当前职业教育校企合作育人目标指向及存在的问题,通过探寻区块链技术的优势及其与职业教育校企协同育人的耦合机理,构建了基于区块链技术的职业教育校企协同育人实现框架,并对其中的信息管理认证模块、教育资源服务模块、数字化合约管理模块、学生成长追踪模块和数据存储加工模块的运行机制进行了详细的描述,为推进职业教育产教融合提供借鉴。

加强辽宁省、市农业科研机构科技协同创新的实践与思考

加强农业科技创新主体协同合作是提升国家农业科技创新能力的有效途径。近年来,辽宁省已经初步构建了具有辽宁特色的农业科技创新体系,但随着经济快速发展、科技进步和体制变革,其在体制机制、结构和组织管理模式等方面仍存在一定的问题。文章通过分析辽宁省、市两级农业科研机构的发展现状及在协同创新方面存在的问题,提出了强化顶层设计与制度创新、着力培育重大成果、加强人才队伍和平台建设、加大经费投入力度、探索激励机制与加强监督考核等推进辽宁省、市农业科研机构协同创新的对策建议。

基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人能促进在线协作学习绩效吗?

近年来,人工智能技术迅猛发展,对教育教学产生了巨大的冲击和影响,最引人注目的是基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人的兴起。为进一步提高在线协作学习绩效,研究旨在检验基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人对在线协作学习绩效、批判性思维意识及其知识激活量和贡献度的影响。研究邀请大学生参与在线协作学习,综合采用定量和定性相结合的研究方法,深度分析对话机器人的影响。研究结果表明,基于生成式人工智能技术的对话机器人不仅在其知识激活量、贡献度方面明显优于传统媒体,而且也能够显著提升在线协作学习绩效和批判性思维意识。文章深入分析和讨论了研究结果,并提出若干启示和建议。

数字化转型、融通创新与企业技术效率粘性效应

现实中企业技术效率存在粘性效应,具体表现为企业在产业升级、技术改进等方面具有反馈、积累和锁定效应,进而促进企业长期高质量发展和经济持续性增长。基于转移矩阵分析检验企业技术效率的粘性效应,同时基于回归分析检验企业数字化转型与技术效率粘性的影响及其作用机制,研究发现:技术效率粘性普遍存在于我国上市公司中,且企业数字化转型与企业技术效率粘性存在倒U型关系,融通创新与企业技术效率粘性呈现倒U型关系,数字化转型与融通创新正相关,融通创新是数字化转型影响企业技术效率粘性的重要机制。基于异质性分析发现:不同产权性质和规模的企业,数字化转型会对企业技术效率粘性产生差异化影响。研究结论对企业利用数字信息技术进行融通创新以促进企业高质量发展具有重要的指导意义。

功能迭代中的国际科技创新中心:演进路径与风险应对

在全球化经济和社会面临严峻转型挑战的背景下,建设国际科技创新中心已经成为各国推动科技进步、加速产业升级和促进可持续发展的关键战略。在阐述国际科技创新中心的内涵特征、诞生背景与空间转移过程的基础上,从发展驱动力、创新机构来源与主导产业类型这三个维度,分析总结不同时代背景下代表性的国际科技创新中心的发展模式,可构建处于迭代中的五大核心组织功能:基础科研、集成创新、产业驱动、辐射引领与制度试验。在此基础上,归纳其在组织形式、组织载体、驱动力量、关联模式、引才策略方面具有典型意义的演进路径,提出功能迭代中的国际科技创新中心发展需积极识别并化解应对在硬科技、创新成本、创新资源,及其全球科研竞争与协作方面潜在的风险挑战。

新型举国体制推动军民科技协同创新:内在逻辑与实践进路

新型举国体制是传统举国体制在新时代的适应性转型,在国家竞争日益加剧和民族复兴的关键时期,新型举国体制成为发挥中国制度优势、破解关键核心技术难题、实现国家战略任务的重要抓手。如何探索新型举国体制的实现方式,尤其是在国家安全、军民融合等重大战略领域满足国家战略需求,已成为当前亟需回答的重要课题。鉴于此,在深入分析新型举国体制推动军民科技协同创新的内在逻辑及创新要素基础上,从组织体系及实现机制两个层面构建新型举国体制推动军民科技协同创新的分析框架,并通过对军民协同推进新冠疫苗研发的全景式回顾进行案例探索,揭示新冠疫苗研发的中国经验——以新型举国体制为制度优势,以定位“国家重大战略任务”为前提,在党中央集中统一领导下,发挥军民融合的战略支撑作用,释放社会主义市场经济活力的中国方式。