In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic indiv...In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the expressions of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin in the posterior sclera of guinea pigs with defocus myopia and whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) injection inhibits the ...AIM:To investigate the expressions of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin in the posterior sclera of guinea pigs with defocus myopia and whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) injection inhibits the formation and development of myopia by upregulating the expression of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin. METHODS:After 14 days of treatment, the refractive state and axial length were measured and the levels of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin were assayed in the posterior sclerae of groups of guinea pigs that wore a monocular-7D polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) lens or had -7D lens wear followed by the peribulbar injection of Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) or bFGF. The untreated fellow eye served as a control. Guinea pigs with no treatment served as normal group. ·RESULTS:The results showed that 14 days of monocular defocus increased axial eye length and refraction, while bFGF delivery inhibited them markedly. Further, it was also found that the monocular-7D lens could decrease the levels of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin expressions, while, unlike PBS, bFGF increased them significantly in comparison to contralateral control eyes and normal eyes. CONCLUSION:bFGF can prevent the formation anddevelopment of defocus myopia by upregulating the expressions of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin. Taken together, our results demonstrate that bFGF promotes sclera remodeling to prevent myopia in guinea pigs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis is associated with cerebral infarction.Vascular calcification and atherosclerosis are the main causes of stenosis and major risk factors for cardiovascular and ...BACKGROUND Intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis is associated with cerebral infarction.Vascular calcification and atherosclerosis are the main causes of stenosis and major risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Bone turnover biomarkers(BTMs)are associated with vascular calcification,atherosclerosis,glucose,and lipid metabolism.AIM To investigate the association of circulating BTM levels with severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in patients with T2DM.METHODS For this cross-sectional study including 257 T2DM patients,levels of the BTMs serum osteocalcin(OC),C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen(CTX),and procollagen type I N-peptide were measured by electrical chemiluminescent immunoassay,and artery stenosis was assessed by color Doppler and transcranial Doppler.Patients were grouped according to the existence and location(intracranial vs.extracranial)of artery stenosis.Correlations between BTM levels,previous stroke,stenosis location,and glucose and lipid metabolism were analyzed.RESULTS T2DM patients with severe artery stenosis had a higher frequency of previous stroke and levels of all three tested BTMs(all P<0.05)than patients without.Some differences in OC and CTX levels were observed according to the location of artery stenosis.Significant associations were also observed between BTM levels and some glucose and lipid homeostasis parameters.On multivariate logistic regression analysis,all BTMs were significant predictors of artery stenosis in T2DM patients with and without adjustment for confounding factors(all P<0.001),and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the ability of BTM levels to predict artery stenosis in T2DM patients.CONCLUSION BTM levels were found to be independent risk factors for severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis and were differentially associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.Therefore,BTMs may be promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for artery stenosis.展开更多
We used bovine cornea as starting material, pepsin treatment in acetic acid solution to extract the mixture of type I and V collagens, and salt precipitation and dialysis to purify and isolate each type of the collage...We used bovine cornea as starting material, pepsin treatment in acetic acid solution to extract the mixture of type I and V collagens, and salt precipitation and dialysis to purify and isolate each type of the collagens. The preparation was analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 2-mercaptoethanol used as reducing agent cut off the disulfide bonds, which was utilized to analyze the structure of disulfide bonds involved between α chains in some types of collagens. At the same time, we discovered that the structure of disulfide bonds among α chains potentially existed in the type V collagen prepared from the pepsin-treatment extraction at 4℃. Through quantitative analysis, we obtained that, compared with those pepsin-treated at 4℃, the relative molecular weights of α1 （V） and α 2 （V） subunits pepsin-treated at room temperature decreased by 4.6% and 6.0%, respectively. It is concluded that type V collagen can be prepared from bovine coruea by use of pepsin treatment, salt precipitation and dialysis. The interchain and/or intermolecular disulfide bonds potentially lie near the edges of termini of type V collagen molecules existing in extracellular matrix, and there are few of the intermolecular and/or intramolecular crosslinks formed by lysine or hydroxylysine or histidine residues in type V collagen.展开更多
It was previously understood that body weight gain and obesity observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) could be beneficial since body weight increase elevated bone mineral density and thus helped maintain the skele...It was previously understood that body weight gain and obesity observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) could be beneficial since body weight increase elevated bone mineral density and thus helped maintain the skeletal framework.However,a number of recent findings in humans and rodents have revealed that T2 DM is not only associated with trabecular defects but also increases cortical porosity,and compromised bone cell function and bone mechanical properties.Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in T2 DM may further induce osteoblast apoptosis and uncoupling bone turnover.Prolonged accumulation of advanced glycation end products and diminished activity of lysyl oxidase,an essential enzyme for collagen cross-link,can lead to structural abnormalities of bone collagen fibrils,brittle matrix,and fragility fractures.Our studies in T2 DM rats showed that dyslipidemia,which often occurs in T2 DM,could obscure the T2DM-associated changes in bone microstructure and osteopenia.Longitudinal bone growth regulated by the growth plate chondrocytes is also impaired by T2 DM since differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes is arrested and retained in the resting state while only a small number of cells undergo hypertrophic differentiation.Such a delayed chondrocyte differentiation may have also resulted from premature apoptosis of the growth plate chondrocytes.Nevertheless,the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in osteoblasts,osteoclasts,osteocytes,and growth plate chondrocytes remain to be investigated.展开更多
This study investigated the contents and distribution of collagen Ⅴ （Col Ⅴ） in skin lesions of the patients with systemic sclerosis （SSc） and its roles in the pathogenesis. The contents and distribution for α1 ...This study investigated the contents and distribution of collagen Ⅴ （Col Ⅴ） in skin lesions of the patients with systemic sclerosis （SSc） and its roles in the pathogenesis. The contents and distribution for α1 chain of collagen type Ⅰ, Ⅲ and V [α1 （Ⅰ）, α1 （Ⅲ） and α1 （Ⅴ）] in skin lesions of 36 patients with SSc （9 cases of mild fibrosis, 14 moderate, and 13 severe） were detected by using im- munohistochemical SP method. Six cases of normal skin tissues served as controls. The results showed that there was diffuse distribution for three kinds of collagens in dermis. The deep staining α1 （Ⅰ） and α1 （Ⅲ） masses or bands were seen in reticular layer, while α1 （Ⅴ） was distributed more ho- mogeneously. From control to weak, moderate and severe fibrosis stages, α1 （Ⅰ）, α1 （Ⅲ） and α1 （V） showed a gradually increased trend in skin lesions （P〈0.05）. α1 （Ⅴ） was obviously elevated in skin lesions at early stage and persisted in whole fibrotic process and risen in greater contents, while α1 （Ⅰ） and α1 （Ⅲ） were to go higher late and were apparently elevated at moderate and late stages. Com- pared with α1 （Ⅰ）, α1 （Ⅴ） took leading increase at early stage in skin lesions （P〈0.01）, and had more elevated contents than α1 （Ⅲ） at moderate and late stages. The fibrotic changes in dermal reticular layer occurred earlier than those in papillary layer, and the abnormalities of α1 （Ⅴ）/α1 （I） ratio ap- peared before α1 （Ⅲ）/α1 （Ⅰ） ratio. It was concluded that a lot of α1 （Ⅴ） began to deposit in greater contents prior to α1 （Ⅰ） and α1 （Ⅲ） at early stage in SSc and persisted in whole fibrotic process. The changes of α1 （Ⅴ） contents in reticular layer occurred earlier than those in papillary layer, and it sug- gested that the fibrosis in reticular layer appeared earlier.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the morphological altering effect of transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2) on untransfected human corneal endothelial cells(HCECs)in vitro.METHODS:After untransfected HCECs were treated with TGF-...AIM:To investigate the morphological altering effect of transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2) on untransfected human corneal endothelial cells(HCECs)in vitro.METHODS:After untransfected HCECs were treated with TGF-β2 at different concentrations, the morphology,cytoskeleton distribution, and type IV collagen expression of the cells were examined with inverted contrast light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy,immunofluorescence or Western Blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2 at the concentration of 3-15 μg/L had obviously alterative effects on HCECs morphology in dose and time-dependent manner, and 9 μg/L was the peak concentration. TGF-β2(9 μg/L) altered HCE cell morphology after treatment for 36 h, increased the mean optical density(P 【0.01) and the length of F-actin,reduced the mean optical density(P 【0.01) of the collagen type IV in extracellular matrix(ECM) and induced the rearrangement of F-actin, microtubule in cytoplasm and collagen type IV in ECM after treatment for 72 h.·CONCLUTION: TGF-β2 has obviously alterative effect on the morphology of HCECs from polygonal phenotype to enlarged spindle-shaped phenotype, in dose and time-dependence manner by inducing more, elongation and alignment of F-actin, rearrangement of microtubule and larger spread area of collagen type IV.展开更多
AIM:To Investigate the effects of transforming growth factorβ2(TGF-β2)and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)on transdifferentiation of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)cultured in vitro and synthesis of extracel...AIM:To Investigate the effects of transforming growth factorβ2(TGF-β2)and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)on transdifferentiation of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)cultured in vitro and synthesis of extracellular matrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECs were treated with TGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)and CTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)for different times(0,24,48,72h)in vitro and the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),the main component of the extracellular matrix typeⅠcollagen(Col-1)and fibronectin(Fn)were measured by using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and western-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2 and CTGF significantly increased expression ofα-SMA mRNA and protein(P【0.05,P【0.001),Fn mRNA and protein(P【0.001),Col-1 mRNA and protein(P【0.001).TGF-β2 could induce HLECs expression of CTGF mRNA and protein in dosedependent manner(P【0.05,P【0.001).TGF-β2 and CTGF could induce HLECs to expressα-SMA,Fn and Col-1 in time-dependent manner.Each time of TGF-β2and CTGF induced HELCs expression ofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1 mRNA and protein was significant increase compared with control(P【0.05,P【0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2 and CTGF could induce HLECs epithelial mesenchymal transition and ECM synthesis.展开更多
文摘In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.
文摘AIM:To investigate the expressions of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin in the posterior sclera of guinea pigs with defocus myopia and whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) injection inhibits the formation and development of myopia by upregulating the expression of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin. METHODS:After 14 days of treatment, the refractive state and axial length were measured and the levels of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin were assayed in the posterior sclerae of groups of guinea pigs that wore a monocular-7D polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) lens or had -7D lens wear followed by the peribulbar injection of Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) or bFGF. The untreated fellow eye served as a control. Guinea pigs with no treatment served as normal group. ·RESULTS:The results showed that 14 days of monocular defocus increased axial eye length and refraction, while bFGF delivery inhibited them markedly. Further, it was also found that the monocular-7D lens could decrease the levels of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin expressions, while, unlike PBS, bFGF increased them significantly in comparison to contralateral control eyes and normal eyes. CONCLUSION:bFGF can prevent the formation anddevelopment of defocus myopia by upregulating the expressions of type I collagen, α2 integrin and β1 integrin. Taken together, our results demonstrate that bFGF promotes sclera remodeling to prevent myopia in guinea pigs.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Hospital Management Center“Cultivation Plan”,No.PX2022032.
文摘BACKGROUND Intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis is associated with cerebral infarction.Vascular calcification and atherosclerosis are the main causes of stenosis and major risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Bone turnover biomarkers(BTMs)are associated with vascular calcification,atherosclerosis,glucose,and lipid metabolism.AIM To investigate the association of circulating BTM levels with severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in patients with T2DM.METHODS For this cross-sectional study including 257 T2DM patients,levels of the BTMs serum osteocalcin(OC),C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen(CTX),and procollagen type I N-peptide were measured by electrical chemiluminescent immunoassay,and artery stenosis was assessed by color Doppler and transcranial Doppler.Patients were grouped according to the existence and location(intracranial vs.extracranial)of artery stenosis.Correlations between BTM levels,previous stroke,stenosis location,and glucose and lipid metabolism were analyzed.RESULTS T2DM patients with severe artery stenosis had a higher frequency of previous stroke and levels of all three tested BTMs(all P<0.05)than patients without.Some differences in OC and CTX levels were observed according to the location of artery stenosis.Significant associations were also observed between BTM levels and some glucose and lipid homeostasis parameters.On multivariate logistic regression analysis,all BTMs were significant predictors of artery stenosis in T2DM patients with and without adjustment for confounding factors(all P<0.001),and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated the ability of BTM levels to predict artery stenosis in T2DM patients.CONCLUSION BTM levels were found to be independent risk factors for severe intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis and were differentially associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM.Therefore,BTMs may be promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for artery stenosis.
文摘We used bovine cornea as starting material, pepsin treatment in acetic acid solution to extract the mixture of type I and V collagens, and salt precipitation and dialysis to purify and isolate each type of the collagens. The preparation was analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 2-mercaptoethanol used as reducing agent cut off the disulfide bonds, which was utilized to analyze the structure of disulfide bonds involved between α chains in some types of collagens. At the same time, we discovered that the structure of disulfide bonds among α chains potentially existed in the type V collagen prepared from the pepsin-treatment extraction at 4℃. Through quantitative analysis, we obtained that, compared with those pepsin-treated at 4℃, the relative molecular weights of α1 （V） and α 2 （V） subunits pepsin-treated at room temperature decreased by 4.6% and 6.0%, respectively. It is concluded that type V collagen can be prepared from bovine coruea by use of pepsin treatment, salt precipitation and dialysis. The interchain and/or intermolecular disulfide bonds potentially lie near the edges of termini of type V collagen molecules existing in extracellular matrix, and there are few of the intermolecular and/or intramolecular crosslinks formed by lysine or hydroxylysine or histidine residues in type V collagen.
基金Supported by Grants from the Cluster and Program Management Office(CPMO),National Science and Technology Development Agency(P-11-00639)the Thailand Research Fund(TRF)-Mahidol University through the TRF Senior Research Scholar Grant(RTA5780001 to NC)+2 种基金the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences,Burapha University and Thailand Research Fund through TRF Research Career Development Grant(RSA5780041 to KW)the Research and Development Fund Burapha University(05/2557 to KW)the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences,Burapha University Research Grant of Fiscal Year 2015(AHS05/2558 to KW)
文摘It was previously understood that body weight gain and obesity observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) could be beneficial since body weight increase elevated bone mineral density and thus helped maintain the skeletal framework.However,a number of recent findings in humans and rodents have revealed that T2 DM is not only associated with trabecular defects but also increases cortical porosity,and compromised bone cell function and bone mechanical properties.Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in T2 DM may further induce osteoblast apoptosis and uncoupling bone turnover.Prolonged accumulation of advanced glycation end products and diminished activity of lysyl oxidase,an essential enzyme for collagen cross-link,can lead to structural abnormalities of bone collagen fibrils,brittle matrix,and fragility fractures.Our studies in T2 DM rats showed that dyslipidemia,which often occurs in T2 DM,could obscure the T2DM-associated changes in bone microstructure and osteopenia.Longitudinal bone growth regulated by the growth plate chondrocytes is also impaired by T2 DM since differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes is arrested and retained in the resting state while only a small number of cells undergo hypertrophic differentiation.Such a delayed chondrocyte differentiation may have also resulted from premature apoptosis of the growth plate chondrocytes.Nevertheless,the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in osteoblasts,osteoclasts,osteocytes,and growth plate chondrocytes remain to be investigated.
文摘This study investigated the contents and distribution of collagen Ⅴ （Col Ⅴ） in skin lesions of the patients with systemic sclerosis （SSc） and its roles in the pathogenesis. The contents and distribution for α1 chain of collagen type Ⅰ, Ⅲ and V [α1 （Ⅰ）, α1 （Ⅲ） and α1 （Ⅴ）] in skin lesions of 36 patients with SSc （9 cases of mild fibrosis, 14 moderate, and 13 severe） were detected by using im- munohistochemical SP method. Six cases of normal skin tissues served as controls. The results showed that there was diffuse distribution for three kinds of collagens in dermis. The deep staining α1 （Ⅰ） and α1 （Ⅲ） masses or bands were seen in reticular layer, while α1 （Ⅴ） was distributed more ho- mogeneously. From control to weak, moderate and severe fibrosis stages, α1 （Ⅰ）, α1 （Ⅲ） and α1 （V） showed a gradually increased trend in skin lesions （P〈0.05）. α1 （Ⅴ） was obviously elevated in skin lesions at early stage and persisted in whole fibrotic process and risen in greater contents, while α1 （Ⅰ） and α1 （Ⅲ） were to go higher late and were apparently elevated at moderate and late stages. Com- pared with α1 （Ⅰ）, α1 （Ⅴ） took leading increase at early stage in skin lesions （P〈0.01）, and had more elevated contents than α1 （Ⅲ） at moderate and late stages. The fibrotic changes in dermal reticular layer occurred earlier than those in papillary layer, and the abnormalities of α1 （Ⅴ）/α1 （I） ratio ap- peared before α1 （Ⅲ）/α1 （Ⅰ） ratio. It was concluded that a lot of α1 （Ⅴ） began to deposit in greater contents prior to α1 （Ⅰ） and α1 （Ⅲ） at early stage in SSc and persisted in whole fibrotic process. The changes of α1 （Ⅴ） contents in reticular layer occurred earlier than those in papillary layer, and it sug- gested that the fibrosis in reticular layer appeared earlier.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program("863"Program)of China(No.2006AA02A132)Key Developing Discipline of Hebei Province(No.201221)
文摘AIM:To investigate the morphological altering effect of transforming growth factor-β2(TGF-β2) on untransfected human corneal endothelial cells(HCECs)in vitro.METHODS:After untransfected HCECs were treated with TGF-β2 at different concentrations, the morphology,cytoskeleton distribution, and type IV collagen expression of the cells were examined with inverted contrast light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy,immunofluorescence or Western Blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2 at the concentration of 3-15 μg/L had obviously alterative effects on HCECs morphology in dose and time-dependent manner, and 9 μg/L was the peak concentration. TGF-β2(9 μg/L) altered HCE cell morphology after treatment for 36 h, increased the mean optical density(P 【0.01) and the length of F-actin,reduced the mean optical density(P 【0.01) of the collagen type IV in extracellular matrix(ECM) and induced the rearrangement of F-actin, microtubule in cytoplasm and collagen type IV in ECM after treatment for 72 h.·CONCLUTION: TGF-β2 has obviously alterative effect on the morphology of HCECs from polygonal phenotype to enlarged spindle-shaped phenotype, in dose and time-dependence manner by inducing more, elongation and alignment of F-actin, rearrangement of microtubule and larger spread area of collagen type IV.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81070721)Inernational Exchange Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2012kw-31)
文摘AIM:To Investigate the effects of transforming growth factorβ2(TGF-β2)and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)on transdifferentiation of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)cultured in vitro and synthesis of extracellular matrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECs were treated with TGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)and CTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)for different times(0,24,48,72h)in vitro and the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),the main component of the extracellular matrix typeⅠcollagen(Col-1)and fibronectin(Fn)were measured by using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and western-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2 and CTGF significantly increased expression ofα-SMA mRNA and protein(P【0.05,P【0.001),Fn mRNA and protein(P【0.001),Col-1 mRNA and protein(P【0.001).TGF-β2 could induce HLECs expression of CTGF mRNA and protein in dosedependent manner(P【0.05,P【0.001).TGF-β2 and CTGF could induce HLECs to expressα-SMA,Fn and Col-1 in time-dependent manner.Each time of TGF-β2and CTGF induced HELCs expression ofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1 mRNA and protein was significant increase compared with control(P【0.05,P【0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2 and CTGF could induce HLECs epithelial mesenchymal transition and ECM synthesis.
