Measurements Of Cerebral Blood Flow in Postasphyxiated Newborns by Color Doppler Imaging（CDI）

Cerebral blood flow of 10 asphyxiated term newborns was continuously measured during the first 7 days of life and compared with that of 10 normal term infants by CDI. Frequency spectrum and blood flow variables in the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries were studied. The results showed evidently lower systolic amplitude in patients than that in normal subjects. End diastolic amplitude was zero in part of vessels, and values of bloed flow variables were all lower in day 1 of the life as compared with the control groups. Frequency spectrum recovered to normal patterns in 9 survived infants in day 2. but blood flow variables recovered to normal by day 7. Values of resistance index (RI) rose to 1 in some vessels of moderate hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) infants and stayed at 1 in the severe HIE infants. It is concluded that low CBF plays a key role in brain damage of post-asphyxiated newborns and RI may be an important parameter in the evaluation prognosis.

Real-time Three-Dimensional Color Doppler Flow Imaging： An Improved Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Aortic Regurgitation

The recently introduced real-time three-dimensional color Doppler flow imaging （RT-3D CDFI） technique provides a quick and accurate calculation of regurgitant jet volume （RJV） and fraction. In order to evaluate RT-3D CDFI in the noninvasive assessment of aortic RJV and regurgitant jet fraction （RJF） in patients with isolated aortic regurgitation, real-time three-dimensional echocardiographic studies were performed on 23 patients with isolated aortic regurgitation to obtain LV end-diastolic volumes （LVEDV）, end-systolic volumes （LVESV） and RJV, and then RJF could be calculated. The regurgitant volume （RV） and regurgitant fraction （RF） calculated by two-dimensional pulsed Doppler （2D-PD） method served as reference values. The results showed that aortic RJV measured by the RT-3D CDFI method showed a good correlation with the 2D-PD measurements （r= 0.93, Y=0.89X＋ 3.9, SEE= 8.6 mL, P〈0.001 ）; the mean （SD） difference between the two methods was - 1.5 （9.8） mL. % RJF estimated by the RT-3D CDFI method was also correlated well with the values obtained by the 2D-PD method （r=0.88, Y=0.71X＋ 14.8, SEE= 6.4 %, P〈0. 001）; the mean （SD） difference between the two methods was -1.2 （7.9） %. It was suggested that the newly developed RT-3D CDFI technique was feasible in the majority of patients. In patients with eccentric aortic regurgitation, this new modality provides additional information to that obtained from the two-dimensional examination, which overcomes the inherent limitations of two-dimensional echocardiography by depicting the full extent of the jet trajectory. In addition, the RT-3D CDFI method is quick and accurate in calculating RJV and RJF.

Hemodynamic Changes on Color Doppler Flow Imaging and Intravenous Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound for Assessing Transplanted Liver and Early Diagnosis of Complications

The value of color Doppler flow imaging （CDFI） and intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound （CEUS） for assessing the transplanted liver and early diagnosing complications by examining hemodynamic changes was discussed. Seventy-five patients with orthotopic liver transplantation （OLT） underwent CDFI. The following parameters were measured： peak systolic velocity （PS）, resistance index （RI） and Doppler perfusion index （DPI） of the hepatic artery （HA）, time average velocity （TAV） of portal vein （PV） and velocity of hepatic vein （HV） in different stages postoperation, And 11 patients of them received CEUS. Thirty healthy subjects were enrolled as controls, The results showed that： （1） In 23 patients without obvious complications, TAV of PV within 15 days post-operation was significantly higher than in controls （P〈0.05）, PS and DPI of HA within 7 days postoperation were lower, but RI was higher than in controls （P〈0.05）; （2） When the hepatic artery thrombosis （HAT） occurred, PS and DPI of HA were obviously decreased, but TAV of PV significantly increased like a high saw-tooth wave; （3） While rejection occurred, both TAV of PV and PS of HA were decreased with the increase in RI of HA, and the triphasic wave of HV disappeared and displayed as saw-tooth wave; （4） The incidence of biliary complications in liver transplantation was increased when DPI was reduced; （5） Seven cases of hepatic carcinoma relapse after OLT demonstrated hyperecho in the arterial phase and hypoecho in the portal and later phase on CEUS; （6） In 2 cases of HA thrombus, there was no visualized enhancement in arterial phase of CEUS, but enhancement during the portal vein and parenchymal phase. It was concluded that the hemodynamic changes of PV, HA and HV in the transplanted liver are valuable for assessing the transplanted liver and early diagnosing complications on CDFI and CEUS.

PRELIMINARY APPLICATION OF COLOR DOPPLER FLOW IMAGING IN THE LOCALIZATION OF PARATHYROID ADENOMAS

From December 1991 to April 1993, we performed color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in 11 patients with parathyroid adenoma, and all cases were confirmed by operation and pathology. In all the parathyroid adenomas,vessels were clearly revealed at the periphery of the upper pole and/or anterior periphery, where arterial signals were elicited. These arteries had branches into the adenomas and originated from inferior thyroid arteries on the same side in most cases. The internal flow signals were increased markedly as compared to normal thyroid, and high-velocity arterial signals were detected. Because of the thyroid' s rich blood supply and landmark peripheral vessels, CDFI can distinguish parathyroid foci from thyroid nodules, lymph nodes, and normal tissues and provide a sound basis for the diagnosis of small parathyroid foci.

Left Coronary Artery Fistula Identified by Color Doppler Flow Imaging

Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is an abnormal communication between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber, great vessel,or other vascular structures. The presence of the fistula is usually identified by angiography. In this paper, the diagnosis of left coronary artery-right ventricle fistula was made by color Doppler before angiography? and it was confirmed by surgery.Color Doppler flow imaging is a noninvasive method which can reveal the proximal dilatation, the course and the draining site of CAF.

Thrombelastography and color Doppler flow imaging in the perioperative period after closed lower limb fracture

Objective To observe the changes of thrombelastography (TEG) and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the perioperative period after closed lower limb fracture.Methods Fasting venous blood samples in the morning from 11 healthy adults were used

Design of axial flaps with color Doppler flow imaging technique for repairing deep wounds of heels

To report the methods and effect of axial pattern flap on lower limb in repairing deep wounds of heels by using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) technique so as to solve the ever before problems that the vessel can not be displayed in designing axial flap.Methods Suitable axial flaps on lower limbs were selected according to the character of the wounds.There were 25 flaps including 10 cases of the distal-based sural neurovascular flap,nine medial sole flap and six medial leg flap.All the axial pattern flaps were designed on the basis of traditional design ways before operation;then,CDFI appliance with high resolution was used to examine the starting spot,exterior diameter,trail and length of the flap’s major artery.The flaps were redesigned according to the results of CDFI and transferred to cover the wounds.In the meantime,both the results of operation and examination were compared.Results The major artery’s starting spot,exterior diameter,trail and anatomic layers were displayed clearly,in consistency with the results of operation.The flaps survived completely and recovered well,with perfect appearance,color and arthral function.Conclusion CDFI is a simple,macroscopic and atraumatic method for designing the axial pattern flap on lower limb,can provide more scientific and accurate evidence for preoperative determination of flap transplantation and is worthy of clinical application.10 refs,4 figs,2 tabs.

Value of Acceleration Flow in the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery for the Detection of Coronary Artery Stenosis by Transthoracic Coronary Color Doppler Echocardiography

Summary： Whether the localized flow acceleration occurs in the resting stenotie left anterior descending coronary artery was explored and its value for detection of coronary stenosis estimated. Blood flow in the left anterior descending coronary arteries in 45 patients was detected by transthoratio color Doppler echocardiograph and multipoint pulse Doppler spectrums were recorded in the same segment. The ratio of the maximal peak diastolic velocity to the minimal peak diastolic velocity was calculated. The ratio ≥1.5 was the cutoff value for the presence of localized acceleration flow. There were 23 patients with localized acceleration flow examined by eehoeardiography. Twenty of them were found to have luminal diameter stenosis （60%-98%） in the left anterior descending coronary arteries by coronary angiography and 3 patients were normal. There were 22 patients without localized acceleration flow examined by eehoeardiography. Eighteen of them had no or %60 stenosis. Four patients had serious stenosis （≥95%） or occluded segments in the left anterior descending coronary arteries on coronary angiography. The ratio of the maximal peak diastolic velocity to the minimal peak diastolic velocity was significantly higher in patients with left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis than that in those without stenosis （1.9±0.3 vs 1.3±0.2, P〈0.01） and it correlated significantly with left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis （r=0.77, P〈0.01）. The specificity by using the ratio≥1. 5 for stenosis detection was 85.7% （18/ 21）, and the sensitivity was 83.3% （20/24）. This study demonstrated that local blood flow velocity was increased in the resting stenotie left anterior descending coronary artery. Transthoraeie color Doppler eehoeardiography is a reliable noninvasive method to detect localized acceleration flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis and it is useful in the noninvasive diagnosis of stenosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery.

COLOR FLOW IMAGING OF HEPATIC CARCINOMA

Color flow imaging(CFI)ultrasound technique can discover the tumor vascularity and superimposed it to convontional B-mode ultrasonogram in real-time. The flow velocity on spectral Doppler sonogram can be measured by setting the sample volume to any selected site.One hundred and thirty-six patients with solid hepatic space-occupied lesions had been admitted and 113 cases were confirmed by operation and pathology,23 patients were strongly suspected by hepatic angiography (HAA).Ninety nine patients with 109 nodules were finally diagnosed as hepatic cellular carcinoma(HCC).According to color flow distribution pattern,3 kinds of color configuation had been nominated.Tumor vascularity discovered by CFI,especially the arterial blood flow was easy to be recognized,and its emerge rate was quite different between HCC group(94.5%)and hemangioma(HCH)group(17.07%)(P<0.01).Spectral Doppler studies were also carried out in these cases and the detectability of arterial flow in HCC group(95.41%)was much higher than that to HCH group (21. 95%) (P<0. 005).Resistant index(RI)and pulsatile index(PI)could be used to differentiate HCC (>0. 50 and >0.80 respectively)from HCH (P<0.001 and P<0.001 respectively).Arterial-portal(A-P) shunt could also be detected by CFI and spectral Doppler(mostly its Vmax>0.6m/s).The detection rate of A-P shunt was 64% in HCC group,but no case could be detected in HCH group.

CDFI血流信号分级、抗CCP抗体、G6PI、RF对类风湿性关节炎的诊断价值

目的分析彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)血流信号分级、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(CCP)、葡萄糖6磷酸异构酶(G6PI)、类风湿因子(RF)对类风湿性关节炎(RA)的诊断价值。方法回顾性选取2022年4月至2023年10月新疆医科大学附属中医医院收治的100例RA患者纳入观察组,根据病情分为RA活动期组(n=50)和RA非活动期组(n=50);依据血流信号CDFI分级分为0~1级组(n=20)、2级组(n=17)、3级组(n=13)。选取同期本院收治的100例其他自身免疫性疾病患者纳入对照组。比较观察组、对照组一般临床资料(性别、病程、年龄、RA家族史、体重指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、居住地、职业等),比较不同活动期患者抗CCP抗体、G6PI及RF水平;比较不同血流信号分级组患者抗CCP抗体、G6PI及RF水平;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估CDFI血流信号分级、抗CCP抗体、G6PI、RF联合检测对RA的诊断价值。结果两组患者性别构成比、病程、年龄、RA家族史、体重指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、居住地、职业比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者抗CCP抗体、G6PI及RF水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。RA活动期组患者抗CCP抗体、G6PI及RF水平均高于RA非活动期组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血流信号3级组患者抗CCP抗体、G6PI及RF水平均高于血流信号0-1级组、2级组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CDFI血流信号分级、抗CCP抗体、G6PI、RF单独检测RA的敏感度分别为79.57%、86.45%、82.14%、77.89%,特异度分别为83.89%、79.28%、83.67%、84.15%,AUC分别为0.855(0.804~0.907)、0.940(905~0.976)、0.893(0.852~0.935)、0.800(0.736~0.864),CDFI血流信号分级、抗CCP抗体、G6PI、RF联合检测RA的敏感度为89.36%,特异度为77.24%,AUC为0.957(0.933~0.980)。结论RA患者血清CCP抗体、G6PI、RF水平升高,随着CDFI血流信号分级增大,升高愈加明显,CDFI血流信号分级、抗CCP抗体、G6PI、RF联合检测RA诊断价值较高,对判断RA进展具有意义。

The Study of Ovarian Artery Hemodynamics in Patients with Infertility by Color Doppler Energy

Seventy four cases of infertility were examined to study the hemodynamics of the bilateral ovarian arteries at 21st day during the corpus luteum phase by color Doppler energy(CDE) and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). All the patients were verified by laparoscopy, fallopian tube patency examination and ovarian function test. Twenty two healthy women served as controls. The results showed that the difference of resistance index(RI)and pulsatility index (PI) of bilateral ovarian arteries between the infertility and the normal controls had statistical significance ( P <0.01), and the PI showed negative correlation with the thickness of endometrium (left side: r =0.724, P <0.01; right side: r =0.756, P <0.01). The results also showed that CDE was more sensitive than CDFI in displaying the ovarian arteries. It could be concluded that the elevated resistance of ovarian artery during the corpus luteum phase was one of the important factors that resulted in infertility.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO－DIMENSIONAL AND COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN GRAVES＇DISEASE

Color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) was performed in 24 patients with Graves' disease and the results were compared with those from 8 patients with Hashimoto's disease, 6 patients with simple diffuse goiter, and 15 normal volunteers. All cases were confirmed by clinical, laboratory tests or pathology. CDFI of Graves' disease showed diffuse or localized hypoechoes within the thyroid glands, rich flow signals in the hypoechoes, accelerated flow velocity, and decreased resistance in the superior thyroid arteries(STA) and arteries within the glands. These appearances were characteristic as compared with the controls. The rate of flow in STA of Graves' disease patients was 8 to 10 times higher than that in the normal volunteers. This study demonstrates that CDFI is convenient and efficient as compared with isotope scan and some other laboratory tests, and can be widely used in the diagnosis of Graves' disase.

多切面多角度二维显像结合CDFI血流参数动态调节在胎儿单纯性室间隔缺损中的诊断价值及漏诊原因分析

目的:探讨多切面多角度二维显像结合彩色多普勒血流显影(CDFI)血流参数动态调节在胎儿单纯性室间隔缺损(isolated ventricular septal defect,i-VSD)的诊断价值,并分析其漏诊原因。方法:选取2019年5月至2023年6月于我院收治的5000例孕妇进行检查,将疑似i-VSD的143例孕妇作为研究对象,均行多切面多角度二维显像及CDFI检查,并依据产后结果分为不符组(31例)和符合组(112例)。采用单因素分析两组患者临床资料,采用多元Logistic回归模型分析多切面多角度二维显像结合CDFI血流参数诊断胎儿i-VSD漏诊的影响因素,采用ROC曲线、校准曲线评价模型的诊断效能。结果:143例胎儿疑似i-VSD,产后确诊准确度为85.31%,灵敏度为88.79%,特异度为70.37%,阳性预测值为92.79%,阴性预测值为59.38%,一致性检验结果显示多切面多角度实时二维显像结合CDFI血流参数检查与产后检查结果一致性相对较好;符合组与不符组在年龄、体质量、孕早期服药史、腹壁瘢痕、家族心脏病史、产检次数、羊水情况、医生检查经验、临床分型、缺损口直径方面差异显著(P<0.05);多元Logistic分层回归分析结果表明,年龄、体质量、羊水情况、腹壁瘢痕、临床分型、缺损口直径是多切面多角度二维显像结合CDFI血流参数诊断胎儿i-VSD漏诊的独立危险因素(P<0.05),并基于此构建了预测模型并绘制ROC曲线,结果显示该预测模型AUC为0.885(95%CI:0.810~0.903),灵敏度为87.2%,特异度为79.8%,表明该预测模型区分度较高,校准曲线表明该预测模型具有良好的准确度。结论:多切面多角度二维显像结合CDFI血流参数能提高i-VSD诊断符合率,而年龄、体质量、羊水情况、腹壁瘢痕、临床分型、缺损口直径均能影响其检查结果,因此对于存在上述特征的孕妇需增加检查次数,以降低胎儿i-VSD漏诊的发生风险。

超声及CDFI鉴别诊断早期宫角妊娠和间质部妊娠临床效果

目的:探讨阴道超声及彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)对早期宫角妊娠(CP)和输卵管间质部妊娠(ITP)鉴别诊断效果。方法:回顾性收集2019年1月-2023年10月本院收治的异位妊娠患者110例临床资料,经病理结果诊断,CP52例纳入CP组,ITP58例纳入ITP组。比较两组一般资料、超声特征及CDFI参数。结果:CP组阴道出血占比(90.4%)高于ITP组(39.7%),宫腔完整占比(32.7%)、子宫内膜包绕占比(82.7%)、孕囊外凸占比(23.1%)低于ITP组(94.8%、100.0%、77.6%),周边肌层完整占比(94.2%)高于ITP组(25.9%),孕囊周边肌层厚度(6.20±1.65mm)、搏动指数(1.25±0.35)、阻力指数(0.58±0.10)大于ITP组(3.05±0.94mm、0.97±0.23、0.49±0.08),舒张末期最低流速(0.19±0.06)小于ITP组(0.24±0.07)(均P<0.05)。以病理结果为依据,超声和CDFI鉴别诊断CP、ITP的kappa值为0.827,灵敏度88.5%、特异度77.6%、准确率82.7%。结论:阴道超声和CDFI对早期CP、ITP鉴别诊断有较好价值。

B-Flow技术在椎动脉疾病中的应用

目的 探讨二维血流显像技术在诊断椎动脉 (VA)疾病中的应用价值。方法 本组对 80例脑梗塞、糖尿病和冠心病等血管疾病多发人群 ,分别进行双侧椎动脉CDFI、PDI及B Flow检查 ,观察椎动脉形态、走行 ,管壁厚度 ,管腔内血流情况 ,并进行血流动力学检测。结果 根据所测内膜、内径和斑块等图像特征 ,可以反映椎动脉硬化及狭窄等情况。B Flow显像是一种新型血管疾病影像学检查方法 ,能同时显示血流和背景组织结构 ,与CDFI、PDI结合使用 ,能清晰显示异常影像 ,提高椎动脉疾病诊断率。结论 在椎动脉疾病的检查中 ,B

CDFI评估颈动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性

目的前瞻性研究彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)评估颈动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性的可行性。方法33例(36例次)行颈动脉内膜剥脱术(CEA)患者术前均行CDFI、高分辨率核磁共振成像(HRMRI)、CT血管造影(CTA)、CT灌注成像(CTP)和(或)数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,术后观察粥样硬化斑块形态并行HE染色。将术前CDFI结果分别与相应层面HRMRI及术后病理学结果对照,CDFI设定易损斑块标准:低回声、中等偏低回声不均质斑块;斑块形态不规则、纤维帽不完整或斑块内见血流信号。CDFI设定稳定斑块标准:斑块表面光滑、纤维帽完整、中等回声及强回声均质斑块。结果 CDFI与病理学比较评估易损斑块的敏感性为93.3%,特异性为83.3%,阳性预测值为96.6%,阴性预测值为71.4%;HRMRI与病理学比较评估易损斑块的敏感性为90%,特异性为83.3%,阳性预测值为96.4%,阴性预测值为62.5%。CDFI与HRMRI评估斑块易损性具有良好的一致性(Kappa=0.915,P<0.01)。结论 CDFI可以准确识别易损斑块,为临床诊断及治疗提供可靠依据。

椎动脉发育不良患者后循环血流灌注量的CDFI研究

目的评价椎动脉发育不良与脑动脉后循环血流灌注量的关系,为椎动脉发育不良患者后循环缺血性病变及症状提供血流动力学依据。方法选取椎动脉发育不良患者53例,正常对照组60例,进行椎动脉超声检查,测量椎动脉内径(vertebral artery diameter,VAD),收缩期流速(peak systolic velocity,PSV),舒张期流速(end diastolic velocity,EDV),阻力指数(resistance index,RI),流速时间积分(velocity-time integral,VTI)、心率(heart rate,HR),并计算血管截面积(A)及血流量(Q),分析椎动脉发育不良对后循环血流灌注量的影响。结果病例组后循环血流量为(299.83±58.52)mL/min,对照组为(351.26±49.17)mL/min,两组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组发育不良侧椎动脉平均血流量(47.57±18.41)mL/min、舒张期流速(11.46±3.97)cm/s、阻力指数0.78±0.09,与健侧椎动脉及对照组左右侧椎动脉比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);发育不良侧椎动脉的血流量与椎动脉内径呈高度正相关性(R2=0.887 8),而与阻力指数呈高度负相关性(R2=0.849 4)。结论发育不良侧椎动脉的血流量明显减低,虽然健侧存在代偿,但后循环总血流灌注量仍较健康人显著减低,椎动脉发育不良是后循环缺血性病变的潜在危险因素。

动脉瘤、动静脉瘘模型在CDFI、CTA、MRA、DSA的表现

目的 探讨创伤性动脉瘤 (PA)、动静脉瘘 (tAVF)在CDFI、CTA、MRA、DSA表现上的特点。方法 用显微外科技术在 40只新西兰白兔股部建立PA、tAVF模型 ,模型建成后行CDFI、CTA、MRA及DSA检测。结果 在 2 0个手术部位建成 16个PA模型 ,在 3 0个手术部位建成 2 6个tAVF模型 ,成功率分别为 80 %和 87% ,模型在CDFI、CTA、MRA、DSA上的表现各具特点。结论 显微外科技术建立兔股部PA ,tAVF模型 ,方法切实可行 ;在各检测手段上 ,其表现各具特点 ,互相补充 ,根据需要选用 ,可提高诊断治疗水平。

钼靶X线摄影联合彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)检查在乳腺癌中的诊断价值

目的:探讨钼靶X线摄影联合彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)检查对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析我院2009年-2012年189例乳腺肿瘤患者的钼靶X线与CDFI检查结果,并与手术病理结果进行比较。结果:189例患者中139例病理证实为乳腺癌,单独应用钼靶X线及CDFI对乳腺肿瘤诊断符合率分别为74.6%和68.2%,而联合诊断符合率达89.4%,明显高于单用任一种检查方法(P<0.05),联合诊断乳腺癌的准确率为92.1%。对最大径小于1.0cm的乳腺癌的检出率,单用CDFI、单用钼靶X线摄影和联合检查诊断符合率分别为50.0%、67.7%和82.1%,三者之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而对于肿瘤最大径大于1.0cm的乳腺癌,三种方法的检出率之间无统计学差异。对于40岁及以上患者,单用CDFI、单用钼靶X线摄影以及两者联合检查其诊断符合率分别为64.7%、81.3%和90.6%,有明显差异,而对于40岁以下患者,三者的诊断符合率分别为80.0%、68.0%和88.0%,三者差异也具有统计学意义。结论:钼靶X摄影联合CDFI在乳腺癌检查中具备优势,联合应用能明显提高乳腺癌的检出率。

应用超声CDFI诊断完全性肺静脉异位引流

目的:探讨应用超声CDFI在诊断小儿完全性肺静脉异位引流(TAPVC)的价值。方法:应用超声CDFI诊断的37例小儿TAPVC与手术结果进行对比分析。结果:37例患者中心内型肺静脉异位引流18例,心上型12例,心下型7例。超声CDFI对小儿TAPVC诊断的正确率100%。结论:应用超声CDFI可以正确地诊断小儿TAPVC。