Effects of Pigment Indicators on the Color Expression of Leaves of the Colored-leaf Garden Plants

[Objective] In this study, the relationship between the pigments and the color expression of leaves of colored-leaf plants was discussed. [Method] The colors of leaf blades of 6 kinds of plants were analyzed with the Royal Horticultural Soci-ety Colour Chart. The chlorophyl content, carotenoids content and anthocyanin con-tent in leaf blades were determined. In addition, the color types of leaf blades, kinds of pigments, pigment contents and pigment distributions of 6 kinds of plants were compared. [Result] The chlorophyl contents ranked as Populus canadensis Moench （green leaves） 〉 Populus deltoids cv. Zhonghuahongye （purple green leaves） 〉 Populus euramericana cv. Quanhong （red leaves）; Acer palmatum Thunb. （green leaves） 〉 Acer palmatum cv. Atropurpureum （purple red leaves） 〉 Acer pal-matum Thunb. cv. Atropurpureum （red leaves）. The ranking of anthocyanin contents was just opposite. The chlorophyl content was negatively related to the anthocyanin content. The leaf color of plants is determined by various pigments. The more the chlorophyl is, the greener the leaf is. The more the anthocyanin is, the redder the leaf is. In the colored-leaf plants, the chlorophyl content represents about 80% of the content of pigments, the carotenoids content represents about 17%, and the an-thocyanin represents about 3%. There is a difference in the chlorophyl content be-tween colored-leaf plants and green plants. However, the relatively low chlorophyl content wil not hamper the normal life activities of colored-leaf plants. [Conclusion] We hoped to provide reference and basis for the production and landscaping of col-ored-leaf plants.

Study on the Pigments of the Colored Cotton

The ecological characteristics and fiber structure of the colored cotton were introduced briefly. The color changing mechanisms of the pigments extracted from colored cottons and some plants were discussed with the results of different experiments, which could offer an academic reference for the color fixations of the colored cotton textile produces and promote the development of the natural colored cotton industry.

Study on the Genetics and Development of Fiber Pigments and Color Deviation After Wetting Process of Naturally Colored Cotton

The genetic control of fiber pigment color in naturally colored cotton was studied. The expression of brown and green fiber color was controlled by incompletely dominant single genes and incompletely dominant major genes, respectively. Production and accumulation of the fiber pigment were related to special expression of enzymatic genes for pigment synthesis in fiber cells. At the stage of fiber lengthening, naturally colored cotton, like white cotton, appeared purely white. But when fiber cell walls entered the thickening stage, pigment appeared by degrees. When the fiber was completely matured (on boll dehiscence), the color reached its darkest level. After wetting process treatment, the hues of the fiber pigment changed in regular patterns. The hue circle for brown and green cotton changed in the opposite direction with wetting process treatment. In general, the treated cotton color and luster became dark and vivid, and this trend provided the possibility for enhancing the fiber quality by suitable environmental friendly finishing. The analysis showed that the color and luster of the cotton may be controlled by a series of pigments which show different chemical performance.

New clues concerning pigment biosynthesis in green colored fiber provided by proteomics-based analysis

To separate the proteins related to pigment synthesis in green colored fiber （GCF）, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis to identify the differentially expressed proteins between green cotton fiber and a white near-isogenic line （NIL）. One differential spot identified as phenylocumaran benzylic ether redutase-like protein （PCBER） was expressed only in GCF, but was not found in white colored fiber （WCF） at any time points. Since PCBER was a key enzyme in lignans biosynthesis, total lignans were extracted from GCF and WCF and their content was determined by using a chromotropic acid spectrophotometric method. The results showed that total lignans content in GCF was significantly higher than that in WCF. The qPCR analysis for two PLR genes associated with lignans biosynthesis showed that the expression level of two genes was much higher in GCF than that in WCF at 24 and 27 days post anthesis （DPA）, which may be responsible for the higher lignans content in GCF. Our study suggested that PCBER and lignans may be responsible for the color difference between GCF and WCF. Additionally, p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde （DMACA） staining demonstrated that the pigment in GCF was not proanthocyanidins, and was different from that in brown colored fiber （BCF）. This study provided new clues for uncovering the molecular mechanisms related to pigment biosynthesis in GCF.

Preparation of Cr-Doped YAlO3 Red Ceramic Pigment and the Coloration Mechanism

The red ceramic pigment is widely used in industrial production, but the pigments with pure color and bright red performance are rare. Therefore, it is important to study and develop new red ceramic pigment with perfect color performance. This paper reports the preparation of Cr-doped YAlO_3 red ceramic pigment rendering by sol-gel method with high temperature resistance, good color and proposed color mechanism. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and UV-vis, and the effects of Cr on the crystal structure, color rendering properties and color mechanism were discussed. The results showed that the optimum concentration of coloring agent（Cr） in Cr：YAlO_3 red ceramic pigment was 3 at.%. The main color mechanism was also discussed. Compared with the solid phase sintering and precipitation methods for the synthesis of red ceramic pigment, the sol-gel method possessed obvious advantages, such as perfect mixing of the raw materials, uniform dispersion of doping ions and the pure color.

Effects of feeding a pigmented or non-pigmented diet to Arctic charr, <i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>, on flesh color and sexual maturity

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding pigmented feed (50 ppm astaxanthin) to diploid or triploid Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, on growth rate, color of fillets, and the variability of color within fillets. Arctic charr with an average weight of 419.9 g ± 83.3 g, including both diploid (n = 72) and triploid (n = 72) fish, were allotted to each treatment: 0, 3 or 6 months of pigmented feed before slaughter. Color assessment was made using a portable reflected light colorimeter in the CIE 1976 L* a* b* color system mode. Feeding a pigmented diet to Arctic charr delayed sexual maturity in male Arctic charr and to a certain extent in females, but also slightly reduced the rate of growth. With increasing time on the pigmented diet, color parameters of the flesh increased as well as the variability in color. Triploid fish had more intense color assessments for each dietary treatment than the diploid fish.

Color Vision Defects with Variation in the Exon 5 of Red and Green Pigment Genes

Purpose : To investigate correlation of variation in the exon 5 of red and green pigment genes with color vision defects.Methods : Exon 5 of the red and green pigment genes in 11 protans, 19 deutans and 38 normal controls were analyzed by heteroduplux-SSCP analysis.Results : In all 11 protans and 8 of the 19 deutans, defects of the red or green pigment gene could be identified. The C polymorphism (A/C at codon 283) in green pigment gene was present in 8 of 44 trichromats and 5 of 24 dichromats. Specific electrophoretic bands were found in 2 normal controls and a deutan.Conclusions: Variation in the exon 5 of the red and green pigment genes is the most common cause for color vision defects. Heteroduplex-SSCP analysis is a suitable way in screening specific variation in visual pigment genes. Eye Science 1998; 14 : 130 - 133.

Preparation and Optical Patterning of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Color-Filter Films Using Latent Pigments by Utilizing Photo-Acid-Generator and Microwave Irradiation

Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin film modified with methoxysilane containing PAG was formed on a glass substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to promote sol-gel reaction by catalytic action of acid which was generated from PAG. And then the film was hardened with microwave irradiation, yielding organic-inorganic hybrid polymer film having hardness, highly transparency and strong adhesion with a glass substrate. Since this reaction only occurred in the optically (UV) irradiated regions, by exploiting the difference between the adhesivenesses of these regions photo-irradiated through photomask with a glass substrate, it was possible to form a patterned film with pitch of 100 to 50 μm by a simple lift-off method. A pigment-containing film using latent pigments (with subtractive three primary colors of coloring materials) and a patterned film were prepared, and it was possible to make these films multi-colored by varying the mixing ratio of the pigments. This multi-colored film-preparation method is effective for simply and efficiently forming a color-filter film by applying optical and microwave irradiation.

眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)发育中体色花纹时序发生的色素细胞变化和控制基因表达的分析Ⅱ.仔稚幼鱼时期

眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)属于鲈形目、雀鲷科、双锯鱼属,是热带珊瑚礁观赏鱼类的首选品种,其不同发育时期各种色素细胞的动态变化及其控制基因表达情况有待深入研究。记录了眼斑双锯鱼仔稚幼鱼体色花纹模式建成的发育过程,对比不同发育时期体色变化的特点,筛选出仔稚幼鱼时期体色花纹变化较为明显的9个发育时期,并利用荧光定量PCR检测了眼斑双锯鱼各发育时期的10个体色控制基因的表达情况。结果显示:眼斑双锯鱼的体色发生存在明显的时序性,仔鱼时期鱼体呈现半透明状,黑色素细胞排列在身体两侧,随着生长发育数量逐渐增多;稚鱼时期,体表开始出现红色素细胞和黄色素细胞,身体慢慢变得不透明,9 dph开始出现第一道条纹,虹彩色素细胞数量逐渐增多,10 dph时期观察到第二道条纹出现;幼鱼时期,三道白色条纹完全形成,体表的橙红色和白色条纹被黑色素细胞分隔开来,界线逐渐清晰,长成完整的花纹。结合荧光定量PCR结果分析发现:在仔稚幼鱼阶段,10个体色控制基因在各发育时期均有表达,不同功能分类的基因在不同发育时期的表达变化趋势差异较大,在仔稚幼鱼前期表达量变化较大的基因主要为TYR、Dct、Ednrb、Sox10等与黑色素细胞迁移、分化、合成相关的基因;随着幼鱼不断的生长发育,白色条纹逐条出现,与虹彩色素细胞相关的Fms、Foxd3等基因也开始出现表达量显著上升的趋势。

天子蓝盘丽鱼皮肤组织的单细胞转录组测序

【目的】通过单细胞转录组测序比较天子蓝盘丽鱼和野生阿莲卡盘丽鱼皮肤组织中与体色形成相关的基因表达模式,为深入研究鱼类体色及良种选育提供数据基础,也为盘丽鱼或其他水产鱼类进行单细胞转录组研究提供技术借鉴。【方法】利用单细胞转录组测序技术对天子蓝(人工选育)和阿莲卡(野生型)2种盘丽鱼的皮肤组织进行转录组测序,经fastp质控过滤后,通过Cell Ranger比对参考基因组生成单细胞表达矩阵文件,使用Seurat进行降维聚类后构建转录组图谱,筛选出细胞类型识别与鉴定的标记基因;同时以阿莲卡盘丽鱼为对照,通过DEGseq筛选出2个样本间的差异表达基因(DEGs),并进行GO功能注释分析和KEGG信号通路富集分析。【结果】经单细胞转录组测序,从天子蓝、阿莲卡盘丽鱼样本中获得的原始序列(Raw reads)分别为815237286和728886552条;将2个样本整合后共捕获17035个细胞,经过滤及降维聚类后得到18个细胞簇(C0~C17),参考已知和潜在的标记基因,被注释为13种细胞类型及其亚型,基本涵盖了鱼类皮肤组织中的大部分细胞类型。基于伪批量(Pseudo-bulk)处理,从2个样本间筛选出20个DEGs(8个在天子蓝盘丽鱼皮肤组织中高表达,12个在阿莲卡盘丽鱼皮肤组织中高表达),主要注释到与气体传递、氧化代谢相关的GO功能条目。在单细胞维度,选择黑色素细胞和虹彩细胞2个细胞集群进行样本间差异分析,结果显示:在黑色素细胞中存在8个DEGs,主要富集于热应答、未折叠蛋白结合、生长因子活性、金属离子结合等信号通路。在虹彩细胞中存在25个DEGs,KEGG信号通路富集分析发现主要富集于凋亡、沙门氏菌感染和MAPK等信号通路,涉及细胞生存、应激响应和信号传导等功能。【结论】TSPAN3A、PTGES、ATF3、JUNK、GADD45GA、HSP70L、FOSAB等基因在调节天子蓝盘丽鱼皮肤体色、色素合成与沉着等方面发挥重要作用,而黑色素合成不活跃可能是导致天子蓝盘丽鱼体色较阿莲卡盘丽色更加鲜艳和绚丽的主要原因之一。

眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)发育中体色花纹时序发生的色素细胞变化和控制基因表达的分析Ⅰ.胚胎时期

眼斑双锯鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris)属于鲈形目、雀鲷科、双锯鱼属,是热带珊瑚礁观赏鱼类的首选品种。不同体色和花纹与色素细胞相关基因的表达直接相关,在其胚胎发育的过程中,色素细胞的形态和数量一直在变化,但不同发育时期各种色素细胞的动态变化及其控制基因表达情况等仍需明确研究。记录了眼斑双锯鱼胚胎时期色素细胞变化较为明显的6个发育时期,观察了不同时期的体色及色素细胞的变化特点,并利用荧光定量PCR检测了各发育时期的10个体色控制基因的表达情况。结果显示:在胚胎发育阶段,整个胚胎的颜色从橙黄逐渐转变为暗红、黑红、黑色到最终透明,观察到卵黄囊表面幼体黑色素细胞到成体黑色素细胞的转变过程,鱼体表面在翻转期出现成体黑色素细胞、在器官形成期出现红色素细胞,眼睛及腹部在孵化期出现虹彩色素细胞。结合荧光定量PCR结果分析发现:卵黄囊表面幼体黑色素细胞推测是外胚层中的神经嵴细胞直接发育而成,不需要迁移过程;Ednrb、TYR、Tbx2b基因对幼体黑色素细胞的形成和发育有重要作用,Pax3、Dct、Aim1基因与成体黑色素细胞的分化、迁移、形成过程密切相关;其中TYR基因的相对表达量在体节期出现显著增加,说明TYR基因在胚胎发育初期就参与黑色素细胞的形成;Tbx2b基因不仅对黑色素细胞形成有影响,对眼斑双锯鱼心脏的形成也有一定作用;Fms基因对红色素细胞形成有重要作用;Ltk基因的表达要早于虹彩色素细胞的出现;相关性分析发现各基因之间存在相互作用。

茜草色素对莫代尔织物染色研究

采用单因素变量法研究了染色方法及染色工艺对茜草色素染莫代尔织物效果的影响,并测试了染色织物的色牢度及强力。结果表明,茜草色素上染莫代尔织物的最佳染色方法是预媒法。媒染最佳工艺为媒染温度60℃,媒染时间40 min,媒染剂用量1.5×10^(-3)mol/L;染色最佳工艺为染色时间50 min,染色温度80℃,茜草色素用量3%(owf),氯化钠用量20 g/L。预媒染色后莫代尔织物色牢度良好,顶破强力与未染色时相比没有明显变化。明矾作媒染剂染色织物的耐皂洗色牢度及湿摩擦色牢度优于硫酸亚铁作媒染剂染色织物。

北京先农坛建筑彩画颜料的光谱学研究

北京先农坛是明清时期皇家祭祀建筑的重要历史遗迹,是中华民族传统重农思想的传播载体,见证着中华文化源远流长。在自然和人为因素的长期影响下,先农坛建筑彩画出现了烟熏、剥落等多种病害,亟待保护。为了获取先农坛建筑彩画中的物质成分信息以支撑彩画的保护修复工作,应用便携式拉曼光谱仪、便携式X射线荧光(XRF)对先农坛具服殿中三幅具有代表性的建筑彩画进行无损分析,结合显微拉曼光谱、扫描电镜-能谱(SEM-EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等方法对残片的分析,成功获得了绘制彩画所用颜料的主要成分。结果表明,三幅彩画的打底材料均含有碳酸钙,金龙图案表面有金箔留存。此外,在原始彩画中使用了朱砂、铅丹、铅白、氯铜矿和靛蓝等颜料;修复彩画中除上述朱砂、铅丹、铅白外,在金龙图案区域检测到了铅丹和雌黄的混用,且所用蓝色和绿色颜料分别为群青和巴黎绿,这与原始彩画中所使用的颜料不同;在重绘彩画中鉴别出多种近代合成颜料,如钛白、铬黄、苏丹红Ⅰ、酞菁绿、群青、亮红色β-萘酚等。根据颜料的使用情况结合史料记载,确定了三幅彩画的绘制时期分别为1754年、1860年以及1997年左右。由于缺乏对原始彩画中所用颜料的了解,导致后期修复的彩画所用颜料与原始彩画不同。该研究不仅有助于建筑彩画保存历史的判断,更为彩画的保护提供了可靠依据,对后续的保护和修复工作具有重要的指导意义。

虾青素对赤点石斑鱼生长、体色、皮肤色素和抗氧化性的影响

【目的】探究虾青素对赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelus akaara)生长、体色、皮肤色素和抗氧化性的影响,为虾青素在赤斑石斑鱼饲料中的应用及功效评价提供科学依据。【方法】在赤斑石斑鱼基础饲料中分别添加虾青素0、100、200、400和800 mg/kg,制成5种等氮等脂饲料,分别记为AST0(对照)、AST100、AST200、AST400和AST800组,饲喂初始体质量(6.17±0.26)g、全长(7.84±0.54)cm的赤点石斑鱼90 d,测定石斑鱼生长性能指标,用色差仪测定石斑鱼体色参数,通过双抗体一步夹心法酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定石斑鱼皮肤中类胡萝卜素和黑色素,用试剂盒测定石斑鱼肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)等抗氧化性能。【结果】与对照组比较,各实验组赤点石斑鱼的体质量、增重率、特定生长率、存活率、饲料系数和肥满度均无显著差异(P> 0.05),AST800组的肝体指数显著降低(P <0.05)。随着饲料中虾青素添加量的增加,赤点石斑鱼的头部、体侧和尾部的皮肤斑点变橙黄色,腹鳍基部变深红色;鱼鳍上的色素团分布均呈背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍色素细胞密度较高,胸鳍和腹鳍色素细胞密度较低的规律;虾青素添加组腹鳍中黄色素细胞和红色素细胞的数量增加。各虾青素添加组鳃盖、背部和尾柄皮肤与胸鳍、背鳍的亮度(L^(*))较对照组显著升高(P <0.05),鳃盖皮肤和背鳍的红度(a^(*))较对照组显著升高(P <0.05),鳃盖、背部、腹部和尾柄皮肤与胸鳍、背鳍和尾鳍的黄度(b^(*))较对照组显著升高(P <0.05)。饲料中添加虾青素显著增加赤点石斑鱼背部和腹部皮肤的类胡萝卜素浓度(P <0.05),以及腹部皮肤黑色素浓度(P <0.05)。赤点石斑鱼肝脏T-AOC、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随饲料中虾青素添加量的增加而显著升高(P <0.05),丙二醛含量随饲料中虾青素添加量的升高而显著降低(P <0.05)。【结论】饲料中添加虾青素未显著影响体质量、增重率和特定生长率,显著改善赤点石斑鱼的体色、内在色素沉着,提高肝脏抗氧化能力。综合生长、体色、皮肤色素含量、抗氧化性数据,赤点石斑鱼饲料中适宜虾青素添加量为200~400 mg/kg。

不同品种三角梅开花过程中苞片色彩参数和色素含量的变化特征

【目的】探究不同花色三角梅开花进程中的苞片色彩参数和色素含量的变化特征及其苞片色彩淡化机制。【方法】以橙色系和粉色系三角梅中5个苞片色彩淡化程度明显的品种为材料,利用英国皇家园艺学会比色卡(RHSCC)和色差仪对花蕾期(S1)、盛花期(S2)和末花期(S3)的苞片色彩参数进行测量,采用分光光度计法对其开花过程中苞片色素含量进行测定,并对苞片色彩参数与色素含量变化进行相关性分析。【结果】在开花进程中,5个三角梅品种苞片色彩呈现不同程度的淡化现象,其中橙色系品种‘变色龙’和‘金色光辉’的苞片色彩总淡化程度相对较大,粉色系品种‘中国丽人’‘金边重粉’和‘金发女郎’的苞片色彩淡化程度较小;定量分析结果表明,在开花过程中除‘变色龙’苞片中总黄酮含量高于甜菜色素外,其他4个品种苞片中色素含量从高到低依次为:甜菜色素、总黄酮、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素;苞片色彩参数与色素含量相关性分析结果表明,甜菜色素是影响三角梅苞片色彩变化的主要色素,其中以甜菜红素的影响最大;总黄酮和甜菜黄素是影响橙色系三角梅苞片色彩淡化的主要色素,甜菜红素和总黄酮是影响粉色系三角梅苞片色彩淡化的主要色素。【结论】不同品种三角梅在开花过程中的苞片色彩变化规律存在一定的差异;三角梅苞片色彩参数与色素含量具有一定的相关性,其中,苞片色素的成分变化是影响三角梅苞片呈色和淡化的关键因素。

改性凹凸棒石/苏木复合颜料的制备和性能

用盐酸处理凹凸棒石(PAL)制备了酸洗凹凸棒石(PA),然后对PA进行有机改性(壳聚糖、阳离子表面活性剂双十八烷基二甲基氯化铵、硅烷偶联剂KH550)制备了3种改性PAL(PCS、PDO、PKH),最后以PA、PCS、PDO、PKH负载苏木色素制备了4种改性凹凸棒石/苏木复合颜料(简称复合颜料,下同)PAS、PCSS、PDOS、PKHS。通过FTIR、XRD、TEM、BET、TG及颜色表征,探究了不同改性方法对复合颜料的粉体学性质、稳定性和生物安全性的影响。结果表明,有机改性和苏木色素负载并未改变PAL的晶相结构和纤维形态;复合颜料显著提高了苏木色素的热稳定性、酸碱稳定性和遮盖性能。复合颜料PCSS表现出较佳的综合性能,包括最好的热稳定性〔120℃处理6 h,总色差值(ΔE)<6〕和酸碱稳定性(pH=5~7浸泡24 h,ΔE<4),最低的水和乙醇溶出度(2.13和1.02 mg/g),及较好的生物安全性(无血管刺激性)。

蛋壳色素及蛋壳颜色形成机理的研究进展

蛋壳颜色作为鸡蛋独特的外观,具有重要的经济价值,一直以来备受关注。蛋壳色素成分主要有三种:原卟啉-Ⅸ、胆绿素和胆绿素的锌螯合物,三者按不同比例组合会形成不同的壳色。为更好地了解色素的沉积、色素功能、色素与蛋品质特性的关系、蛋壳颜色的形成机理以及蛋壳颜色的影响因素,文章从蛋壳色素、蛋壳颜色形成机理和蛋壳颜色的影响因素三方面进行综述,旨在为蛋壳颜色选育和改良提供一定参考。

中国无忧花新叶呈色研究

为探究中国无忧花叶片呈色的形态和生理变化,以中国无忧花5个不同发育阶段叶片为材料,测定并比较叶片成熟变色过程中叶色参数L^(*)(明度)、a^(*)(蓝度)、b^(*)(红绿)值以及叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、花色素苷等色素含量的变化情况,研究叶色变化与叶色参数、色素含量的关系。结果表明:(1)随着中国无忧花叶片发育,叶色从深紫红色转为深绿色,叶色参数L^(*)值和b^(*)值先增加后下降,而a^(*)值先下降后上升;(2)叶片内叶绿素总量和叶绿素b含量整体呈现上升的趋势,花色素苷含量则逐渐下降,叶绿素a含量和类胡萝卜素含量波动较小;(3)相关性分析发现,叶色参数a^(*)值与花色素苷含量间存在极显著正相关,与叶绿素总量间存在极显著负相关,叶色参数b^(*)、L^(*)值与花色素苷含量间存在显著负相关。用色差仪对中国无忧花叶色进行测定,可以较好地表征叶片发育阶段呈现出的颜色变化。中国无忧花叶片从深紫红色变为深绿色,主要是由于叶绿素b和叶绿素总量上升、花色素苷含量不断减小导致。中国无忧花新叶红色和下垂,可能具有防止紫外线等强光照射造成伤害的作用。

玄武岩织物的超细涂料染色

针对玄武岩纤维难以着色的问题,开展了超细涂料对玄武岩织物的轧染染色研究。通过改变染浴中涂料、黏合剂与防泳移剂用量、焙烘温度与时间,探讨其对玄武岩织物染色性能及手感的影响,并确定最佳染色工艺条件。结果表明,以超细涂料印漂牢红K-BC、仿活性黏合剂ACRAMIN®PSFC、海藻酸钠(防泳移剂)对玄武岩织物染色时,得色量高,织物耐皂洗色牢度达到5级,耐摩擦色牢度达到3~4级以上,同时手感变化较小。最优染色工艺为涂料30 g/L,黏合剂30 g/L,防泳移剂2 g/L,二浸二轧,105℃预烘3 min,150℃焙烘3 min。

壳聚糖改性棉织物的黑枸杞色素染色

提取黑枸杞天然色素,对壳聚糖改性棉织物进行直接法染色,探究了染浴pH值、温度、时间、氯化钠浓度等因素对染色效果和防紫外性能的影响,通过对染色织物的色深值Integ、颜色特征值及UPF值综合评价,得到最佳染色工艺。结果表明,具体工艺如下:浴比1∶30,提取母液30 mL,pH值为4,食盐为0,焙烘温度110℃,焙烘时间4 min;染色过程中可不添加食盐,实现了无盐染色,大大减轻了染料废水处理的负担;经此方法染色所得紫色棉织物不但具有较好的耐摩擦色牢度、耐皂洗色牢度和耐日晒色牢度,同时具有优良的防紫外线性能。