Designing of a multi-purpose plant as one of the well-known manufacturing systems is more challenging than other manufacturing systems. This paper applies a stochastic colored Petri net (CPN) to design and analyze mul...Designing of a multi-purpose plant as one of the well-known manufacturing systems is more challenging than other manufacturing systems. This paper applies a stochastic colored Petri net (CPN) to design and analyze multi-purpose plants. A simple approach is proposed to determine the utilization of shared resources and to reduce the equipment’s idle times. Three scenarios are presented to describe the proposed model. Generally, according to desire of a decision maker, different scenarios can be considered in the model to achieve to the expected design or plant configuration. The main characteristics of the proposed model are flexibility, the easiness of practical application and the simulation of the model in an easy way.展开更多
For the quantitative analysis of colored-leaf plants in Tibet,the five-point sampling method is used for stratified investigation of garden plant communities in Tibet.(i)There are a total of 46 families,76 genera and ...For the quantitative analysis of colored-leaf plants in Tibet,the five-point sampling method is used for stratified investigation of garden plant communities in Tibet.(i)There are a total of 46 families,76 genera and 110 species of garden colored-leaf plants in Tibet,including 56 kinds of trees,40 kinds of bushes,9 kinds of herbs,4 kinds of vines and 1 kind of bamboo.There are too few colored-leaf herbs and bamboos,and there is a serious imbalance between evergreen and deciduous trees,between coniferous and broad leaved forests.(ii)The most widely applied families include Rosaceae(26),Salicaceae(12),Fabaceae(6),Aceraceae(5),Oleaceae(4)and Elaeagnaceae(4),accounting for 23.64%,10.91%,5.46%,4.55%,3.64% and 3.64% of the investigated colored-leaf plants,respectively.(iii)In terms of color,there are 55 kinds of red plants,43 kinds of yellow plants and 12 kinds of plants with other colors,accounting for 50.00%,39.09%and 10.91% of colored-leaf plants,respectively.There are 9 kinds of spring color leaf plants,63 kinds of autumn color leaf plants,29 kinds of constant color leaf plants,7 kinds of double color leaf plants and 2 kinds of spot color leaf plants,accounting for 8.18%,57.27%,26.36%,6.36% and 1.82% of colored-leaf plants,respectively,indicating that it is dominated by autumn color leaf and constant color leaf plants.(iv)In terms of importance value of trees,the top two are Salix alba(37.623)and Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea(26.063); in terms of importance value of bushes,the top three are Ligustrum × vicaryi Hort(22.577),Berberis thunbergii‘atropurpurea Nana'(18.987)and Platycladus orientalis Franco cv.Sieboldii(10.529); in terms of importance value of herbs,the top two are Taraxacum sherriffii(0.915)and Oxalis triangu laris cv.purpurea(0.326).(v)In terms of species abundance of colored-leaf plants,it is in the order of Nyingchi(94)> Lhasa(47)> Qamdo(43)> Shannan(34)> Xigaze(21)> Ali(7)> Nagqu(5).There are great differences between regions: it is highest in Nyingchi while it is lowest in Nagqu.Based on the main problems in the application of colored-leaf plants in Tibet,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations.展开更多
With the gradual improvement of living standard, the public demands on landscaping have focused more on quality than on quantity, and plant furnishing has grown from singular green plants to colored-leaf plants with m...With the gradual improvement of living standard, the public demands on landscaping have focused more on quality than on quantity, and plant furnishing has grown from singular green plants to colored-leaf plants with multiple layers. Confi guration of colored-leaf plants follows certain principles and patterns to enrich the beauty of plant landscaping, construct colorful urban green spaces, satisfy increasing application and aesthetic needs of the public, and reflect value of plant landscaping.展开更多
In finishing cull-cows given n-3 PUFA-rich diets (for 101 ± 3 days preceding slaughter), the ability of vitamin E (2.8 g/animal/day) or vitamin E associated with plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP) (126 g/a...In finishing cull-cows given n-3 PUFA-rich diets (for 101 ± 3 days preceding slaughter), the ability of vitamin E (2.8 g/animal/day) or vitamin E associated with plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP) (126 g/animal/day) to limit discoloration was evaluated on color attributes of Longissimus thoracis (LT) and Semitendinosus (ST) processed meat. Color attributes were determined after muscles ageing and retail display in different packaging systems consisting in 14 d. under vacuum (V), 4 d. aerobic (A) or 7 d. under modified atmosphere (70:30, O2/CO2) (MA). Vit. E associated with PERP were able to limit color deterioration by decreasing metmyoglobin% in ST and LT for all tested packaging systems. The antioxidant association increased the L* coordinate and the oxygenation index as compared with vit. E alone. We show the possibility to limit color deterioration of processed beef by an original dietary antioxidant strategy during the finishing period.展开更多
彩色小麦的产量通常低于普通白粒和红粒小麦,籽粒偏小是原因之一。为解析控制彩色小麦产量性状的遗传基础,分析了239份彩色小麦品种(系)在4个环境下的表型特性和16 K SNP芯片基因型数据,对株高和籽粒性状(千粒重、籽粒长、籽粒宽和籽粒...彩色小麦的产量通常低于普通白粒和红粒小麦,籽粒偏小是原因之一。为解析控制彩色小麦产量性状的遗传基础,分析了239份彩色小麦品种(系)在4个环境下的表型特性和16 K SNP芯片基因型数据,对株高和籽粒性状(千粒重、籽粒长、籽粒宽和籽粒长宽比)的QTL进行了全基因组关联分析(genome-wide-association-study,GWAS)。结果显示,各表型性状的变异系数为5.11%~32.91%,广义遗传力为71.88%~97.00%,多数性状之间具有显著相关性。通过GWAS共筛选出26728个多态性SNP标记,定位到了17个与目标性状显著相关的稳定QTL位点,分布在1A、1B、1D、2B等12条染色体上,单个QTL解释5.26%~11.66%的表型变异,其中在3个环境下均被检测到的QTL有5个,分别为QPh.nwafu-4B.1、QKlwr.nwafu-1D、QKlwr.nwafu-4D、QKlwr.nwafu-5B.1和QKlwr.nwafu-6A.2;共发现10个未见报道的新QTL位点,分别为与株高相关的QPh.nwafu-4B.3,与千粒重相关的QTkw.nwafu-3B和QTkw.nwafu-6A,与籽粒长宽比相关的QKlwr.nwafu-1A、QKlwr.nwafu-1B、QKlwr.nwafu-4A、QKlwr.nwafu-5B.2、QKlwr.nwafu-6A.1和QKlwr.nwafu-6A.2。这些QTL位点初步表明了彩色小麦株高与籽粒性状基因位点的分布、组成,可为彩色小麦产量遗传改良提高参考。展开更多
为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响,以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象,利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型(Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS),...为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响,以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象,利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型(Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS),探究开花物候分布特征、谱系保守性以及功能性状的贡献率。结果表明:(1)新疆木本植物开花期集中在3月31日至4月20日,持续时间为(13.03±0.38)d。乔木、肉质果、彩色花和风媒植物分别比灌木、非肉质果、非彩色花和虫媒植物的开花早。(2)亲缘关系越近的物种开花物候特征越相似,系统发育信号值Pagel’sλ为0.67~0.74。(3)果实类型、花色和传粉方式与开花物候最相关,解释度为17.4%~31.6%。本研究证明系统发育和植物功能性状均能影响新疆木本植物开花物候,研究结果对阐明干旱区生物多样性维持机制和虫植关系具有重要意义。展开更多
文摘Designing of a multi-purpose plant as one of the well-known manufacturing systems is more challenging than other manufacturing systems. This paper applies a stochastic colored Petri net (CPN) to design and analyze multi-purpose plants. A simple approach is proposed to determine the utilization of shared resources and to reduce the equipment’s idle times. Three scenarios are presented to describe the proposed model. Generally, according to desire of a decision maker, different scenarios can be considered in the model to achieve to the expected design or plant configuration. The main characteristics of the proposed model are flexibility, the easiness of practical application and the simulation of the model in an easy way.
基金Supported by Key Project of National Science and Technology Support Program(2013BAJ03B00)
文摘For the quantitative analysis of colored-leaf plants in Tibet,the five-point sampling method is used for stratified investigation of garden plant communities in Tibet.(i)There are a total of 46 families,76 genera and 110 species of garden colored-leaf plants in Tibet,including 56 kinds of trees,40 kinds of bushes,9 kinds of herbs,4 kinds of vines and 1 kind of bamboo.There are too few colored-leaf herbs and bamboos,and there is a serious imbalance between evergreen and deciduous trees,between coniferous and broad leaved forests.(ii)The most widely applied families include Rosaceae(26),Salicaceae(12),Fabaceae(6),Aceraceae(5),Oleaceae(4)and Elaeagnaceae(4),accounting for 23.64%,10.91%,5.46%,4.55%,3.64% and 3.64% of the investigated colored-leaf plants,respectively.(iii)In terms of color,there are 55 kinds of red plants,43 kinds of yellow plants and 12 kinds of plants with other colors,accounting for 50.00%,39.09%and 10.91% of colored-leaf plants,respectively.There are 9 kinds of spring color leaf plants,63 kinds of autumn color leaf plants,29 kinds of constant color leaf plants,7 kinds of double color leaf plants and 2 kinds of spot color leaf plants,accounting for 8.18%,57.27%,26.36%,6.36% and 1.82% of colored-leaf plants,respectively,indicating that it is dominated by autumn color leaf and constant color leaf plants.(iv)In terms of importance value of trees,the top two are Salix alba(37.623)and Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea(26.063); in terms of importance value of bushes,the top three are Ligustrum × vicaryi Hort(22.577),Berberis thunbergii‘atropurpurea Nana'(18.987)and Platycladus orientalis Franco cv.Sieboldii(10.529); in terms of importance value of herbs,the top two are Taraxacum sherriffii(0.915)and Oxalis triangu laris cv.purpurea(0.326).(v)In terms of species abundance of colored-leaf plants,it is in the order of Nyingchi(94)> Lhasa(47)> Qamdo(43)> Shannan(34)> Xigaze(21)> Ali(7)> Nagqu(5).There are great differences between regions: it is highest in Nyingchi while it is lowest in Nagqu.Based on the main problems in the application of colored-leaf plants in Tibet,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations.
基金Sponsored by National Social Science Foundation of China(14BZX084)Teachers’Professional Ethics Education and Research Base of Hunan Provincial Institutes of Higher Education
文摘With the gradual improvement of living standard, the public demands on landscaping have focused more on quality than on quantity, and plant furnishing has grown from singular green plants to colored-leaf plants with multiple layers. Confi guration of colored-leaf plants follows certain principles and patterns to enrich the beauty of plant landscaping, construct colorful urban green spaces, satisfy increasing application and aesthetic needs of the public, and reflect value of plant landscaping.
文摘In finishing cull-cows given n-3 PUFA-rich diets (for 101 ± 3 days preceding slaughter), the ability of vitamin E (2.8 g/animal/day) or vitamin E associated with plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP) (126 g/animal/day) to limit discoloration was evaluated on color attributes of Longissimus thoracis (LT) and Semitendinosus (ST) processed meat. Color attributes were determined after muscles ageing and retail display in different packaging systems consisting in 14 d. under vacuum (V), 4 d. aerobic (A) or 7 d. under modified atmosphere (70:30, O2/CO2) (MA). Vit. E associated with PERP were able to limit color deterioration by decreasing metmyoglobin% in ST and LT for all tested packaging systems. The antioxidant association increased the L* coordinate and the oxygenation index as compared with vit. E alone. We show the possibility to limit color deterioration of processed beef by an original dietary antioxidant strategy during the finishing period.
文摘彩色小麦的产量通常低于普通白粒和红粒小麦,籽粒偏小是原因之一。为解析控制彩色小麦产量性状的遗传基础,分析了239份彩色小麦品种(系)在4个环境下的表型特性和16 K SNP芯片基因型数据,对株高和籽粒性状(千粒重、籽粒长、籽粒宽和籽粒长宽比)的QTL进行了全基因组关联分析(genome-wide-association-study,GWAS)。结果显示,各表型性状的变异系数为5.11%~32.91%,广义遗传力为71.88%~97.00%,多数性状之间具有显著相关性。通过GWAS共筛选出26728个多态性SNP标记,定位到了17个与目标性状显著相关的稳定QTL位点,分布在1A、1B、1D、2B等12条染色体上,单个QTL解释5.26%~11.66%的表型变异,其中在3个环境下均被检测到的QTL有5个,分别为QPh.nwafu-4B.1、QKlwr.nwafu-1D、QKlwr.nwafu-4D、QKlwr.nwafu-5B.1和QKlwr.nwafu-6A.2;共发现10个未见报道的新QTL位点,分别为与株高相关的QPh.nwafu-4B.3,与千粒重相关的QTkw.nwafu-3B和QTkw.nwafu-6A,与籽粒长宽比相关的QKlwr.nwafu-1A、QKlwr.nwafu-1B、QKlwr.nwafu-4A、QKlwr.nwafu-5B.2、QKlwr.nwafu-6A.1和QKlwr.nwafu-6A.2。这些QTL位点初步表明了彩色小麦株高与籽粒性状基因位点的分布、组成,可为彩色小麦产量遗传改良提高参考。
文摘为揭示系统发育和植物功能性状对新疆木本植物开花物候的影响,以新疆乌鲁木齐、伊宁和喀什三地典型植物园或公园的木本植物为研究对象,利用系统发育信号值和系统发育广义最小二乘模型(Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares, PGLS),探究开花物候分布特征、谱系保守性以及功能性状的贡献率。结果表明:(1)新疆木本植物开花期集中在3月31日至4月20日,持续时间为(13.03±0.38)d。乔木、肉质果、彩色花和风媒植物分别比灌木、非肉质果、非彩色花和虫媒植物的开花早。(2)亲缘关系越近的物种开花物候特征越相似,系统发育信号值Pagel’sλ为0.67~0.74。(3)果实类型、花色和传粉方式与开花物候最相关,解释度为17.4%~31.6%。本研究证明系统发育和植物功能性状均能影响新疆木本植物开花物候,研究结果对阐明干旱区生物多样性维持机制和虫植关系具有重要意义。
