On the conceptual metaphor of color terms： A typological view

In different languages and cultures, color terms usually indicate their specific cultural concepts and metaphorical implicature. This paper makes a typological study on the universality and relativity of the Conceptual Metaphors （CM） of color terms in different languages. It attempts to explore the cognitive differences and similarities in the process of categorization and metaphorization of color terms of oriental and western peoples. It proposes that the CM system of color terms is determined by the interactivity of three factors as neurophysiologic mechanisms, general cognitive psychological mechanisms and socio-cultural selective mechanisms. The CM of color terms in different languages carry their specific cognitive characteristics and cultural values, and reflect self-similarity of the language and culture.

A Lexical Comparative Analysis of the English and Chinese Color Terms in Connotation

The vocabulary is the most active factor in the language, and the meaning of color words in the vocabulary is abundant. The nature is multicolored, so various nationalities have formed each unique color view in precipitated long-term history, refracting gorgeous national culture. Culture has restrained the meaning of the color words from developing, and the cultural meaning of the color words has refracted out abundant cultural intension again. Because of different cultural issues, cultural tradition, and culture psychology, the cultural connotations of the English and Chinese color words differ greatly, as a result, these particular cultural connotation meanings are cast under different environments by different nationalities. There are a lot of similarities and differences on the meaning between English and Chinese color words. This paper analyzing Chinese and English color terms in the angle of lexicology, is guided by the book An Introduction to English Lexicology. After reviewing the research done by some linguists, this paper starts from the definition and origin of color terms, studies the changing and word-formation of color terms, then ends with some researches on the idioms on color terms, which gives a systematically comparison of Chinese and English color terms on their developing progress.

The Multidimensional Description and Investigation of New Color Terms:A Metaphorical Cognitive Approach

This article studies the new color terms in Chinese.It first classifies the color terms from four linguistic aspects:pronunciation,grammar,semantics,linguistic context and the theory of "Four Worlds," namel,language,physics,culture,and psychology.It then summarizes all the characteristics of the new color terms.The study takes questionnaires as supplementary data,explores and proves the interactive relationship between metaphorical expression and cognitive psychology of new color words.The life span of such new color terms is also discussed.

A Brief Analysis of The Holy Bible's Impact on the Connotative Meanings of Color Terms and their Applications in Literatures

The Holy Bible,as one of major sources of Western Culture,has a great influence on the Christian culture and Christian thoughts.Because language is a carrier of culture,the English study will be water without a source and a tree without roots if we ignore The Holy Bible which is the core of Christianity.To study English demands not only grammar and vocabulary,but also the culture behind the language.A brief analysis of connotative meanings of color terms,which are influenced by The Holy Bible and applied in literatures,will be given,in order to offer some help to English learners to know the connotations of color terms better,to understand literatures more profoundly and to have a general feeling about the impact which The Holy Bible has on language.

English Translation of Basic Chinese Color Terms: A Cultural Perspective

Color words, widely existing in different languages, have the identical visual effects for all nations. They not only denote color, but also convey cultural connotations in different cultural contexts. From the cultural perspective, the thesis analyzes similarities and differences of basic color terms Red and Black in English and Chinese, explores the application of domestication and foreignization in the English translation of these Chinese color terms, and illustrates the employment of mimesis, substitution and decoloration with examples in the translation practices.

A Brief Study of Cultural Connotation of English Color Terms

Color can make our life colorful not only by its physical attributions, but also by its extended meanings derived from cultural differences. There is striking richness in the cultural connotations of color terms, which can vivify our language. Since language is a reflection of culture, in order to have a good master of the English culture and overcome misunderstandings in communication, a better understanding of indications and cultural connotations of some typical color terms is a prerequisite for English learners.However, because English-speaking countries have certain geographic environments, customs, ways of thinking, religious beliefs, regimes, literature and arts and ways of living, there is no surprise that colors are described in some specific ways and have some particular meanings in that countries.The thesis will mainly deal with cultural connotations of some typical color terms and their usage in language.

A Contrastive Study on Cultural Connotations of Chinese and English Color Terms

Both Chinese and English are rich in the words denoting different colors. Cultural connotations of these words,however,arouse more interest than their lexical meanings due to the discrepancy between the two languages deriving from the differences of the speakers' cultural background,social customs,and aesthetic interests. Employing contrastive analysis on the two cultures wherein the two languages are nourished,this paper has made a series of contrasts between and explorations on the cultural connotations of color terms in the two languages.

A Contrast of Cultural Connotations between English and Chinese Color Terms

Color is perception of people to the objective world.In human language,there are great numbers of color terms recording color of the world.These color terms are often used in human language.Gradually,they are endowed with rich emotional elements and cultural connotations.In cross-cultural communication,different nations with different cultural backgrounds or people of the same nations with the same backgrounds but belonging to different social classes have different perceptions of various colors.The different perceptions of colors result in a series of associative meaning of color terms.This thesis intends to discuss color terms from the following five aspects.Firstly,it deals with the relationship between language and culture.Language and culture are connected with each other.So the understanding of a culture requires the understanding of the corresponding language and vice versa.Secondly,it aims at the contrast of cultural connotations of basic color terms in English and Chinese.Thirdly,it is devoted to a discussion of the possible reasons for the diversity of cultural connotations in the two languages.Fourthly,it focuses on the influences on the cross-cultural communication.

Metaphorical Study on Color Terms in "Gone with the wind"

The metaphorical meaning of color terms can make language more vivid.The use of metaphorical meaning of color terms in the works by many authors can make it more attractive.The paper discusses the metaphorical meaning of color terms through data collection and analyzes how the author use the metaphorical meaning of color terms to express cruel war and bright future.

On Cultural Connotation and Translation of Color Terms:Comment on the “red” color

It's well-known that there exist a large number of color terms in both Chinese and English.The color terms,as an effective rhetorical device and way of expression,play an important role in both Chinese and English.But owing to the difference in the usual practice of language,historical background and traditional customs,there're many different usages and understandings in the translation of color terms.Thus,knowing the differences existing in the color terms is helpful to the cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries,and also useful to the study of translation practice.The thesis explores the symbolic meaning,cultural connotation and translation of the color red in color terms.A comparative study of the same color in Eastern and Western cultures may help English learners master more about social culture and cross-cultural differences.

Cultural Relevance of Color Terms in Chinese and English

Color terms perform both the aesthetic and informative functions and possess various meanings according to different cultural backgrounds. It seems that people are more likely to label colors in a consistent fashion in each unique culture. Therefore, it is highly essential to investigate the cultural relevance of color terms, especially the color words in Chinese and English. Translation of color terms is also discussed from different aspects to show people's cultural preferences.

A Prototype Approach to the Chinese-English Focal Color Term Translation

Color terms constitute the color category in linguistic categorization.As the prototypical members of color terms,biologically-motivated focal colors are derived from human’s perception and embodiment of the real world,and they represent relatively stable properties of objects.Based on the prototype category theory,the cross-linguistic properties of the specific focal colors"red"and"white"are examined,hence some problems are confronted in Chinese-English translation due to the different cognitive models operating in different nations.As a future step,some hints and strategies for Chinese-English color term translation are rendered afterwards:direct translation method as well as the cultural meaning-equivalent method can be conducted in an overall manner.Sometimes,the moderate form without translating the color name may be an appropriate counterpart of the source language.

The tenacity of culture as represented by the Chinese color term Qing

qing(青)is a very special and controversial color term in Chinese language and culture for the fact that it can refer to green,blue,or black depending on how it is used in collocation or context;it can be used as both a basic color term and mixed color term;in context it can be understood to refer to a certain color,but sometimes nobody can tell for sure what specific color it refers to;it can refer to color,but in more situations the understanding of it just goes beyond the perception of color,bringing about a vague but delightful feeling about the world in general.Basic as well as associative meanings of this term existed at the early stage of its creation,and these meanings can still be perceived in various situations in modern Chinese,used in much more extensive way.To a large extent,it has become a rather peculiar sign of Chinese culture,held so firmly,dearly and lastingly by the Chinese people.The case of qing serves as a typical example that reflects how the Chinese perceive the world.

跨文化交际视角下中国传统色彩词英译策略研究

近年来,中国传统文化作为我国向世界传递的名片,传播到世界各地。中国文化历经几千年的传承,是中华民族的“根”和“魂”,也是我国屹立于世界的软实力体现。中国传统色彩体系作为传统文化的重要组成部分,区别于基本色彩词和实物色彩词,代表着中国人自古以来认知世界的传统方式,是中国文化华丽的点缀。“翻译”作为文化“走出去”的重要手段,一些外译活动研究不断升温,关于各地公示语、外宣文本、文学作品等材料的英文翻译规范等受到了广泛的关注。

民间济世文学中颜色词的隐喻效价研究——以《武当民间文学》为例

民间济世文学是我国传统文学中的重要组成部分。在民间济世文学中,颜色词被广泛应用于仙侠形象的塑造。该文以“概念隐喻理论”(Conceptual Metaphor Theory,简称CMT)为理论框架,以《武当民间文学》为例,通过实证研究发现:其一,颜色词和名词对颜色词词组隐喻意义的构建均有显著影响,但颜色词的影响更大。其二,民间济世文学中常用颜色词的隐喻效价呈现等级性,即“紫”“金”“青”的隐喻效价高于“黑”“白”“黄”;其三,颜色和颜色词词组的常见程度及颜色词象征意义的多样程度与颜色词的隐喻效价成反比。这一结果说明人们对颜色的认知受物理环境和心理环境的影响,同时也证实传统文学对中国文化的深远影响。

Food Color Memory and Names- A Linguistic Vantage

We name colors of foods with great ease. This process is conventionalized through our cultures and our biological dictates. People identify food colors through words that are again highly constrained. Embodiment of experience and perception deals with these constraints to make color term use a cognitively economical mechanism, keeping numbers of concepts in mind through categorial conceptualization in long term memory. The parallel process that puts together our linguistic and visual information, allows the individual to map a correspondence between the two frames. The result of this mapping is a ＂cognitive color＂ in long term color memory. This paper presents an experiment in triggering long term memory and the response results. The objective was to verify whether individuals＇ cognitive color of well known foods, both raw and cooked, that they had just identified with Natural Color System （NCS） color samples, would be predominantly a primary basic color term, a secondary basic color term, or a complete descriptive utterance. The name used to communicate a desired signification is accessed through the judgement of similarity and difference with a point of reference. In this case, the food color vantage represents the cognitive color remembered.

实时三维超声彩色多普勒检查在孕中期胎儿畸形中的诊断价值

目的分析实时三维超声彩色多普勒检查在孕中期胎儿畸形中的诊断价值。方法选取安阳市第六人民医院2021年7月至2023年7月收治的250例有胎儿畸形高危因素的孕中期孕妇,利用实时二维超声检查、三维超声彩色多普勒检查胎儿发育情况;所有受试者均接受跟踪随访,将引产或死产后尸检结果、活产后新生儿检查结果记为“金标准”,分析实时三维超声彩色多普勒检查、二维超声检查对孕中期胎儿畸形诊断的价值。结果金标准诊断结果显示,250例受试者中有3例失访、20例转院,均剔除,余227例受试者中有80例孕中期胎儿畸形,其中鼻骨发育不良9例、无脑儿3例、脑积水5例、脊柱畸形3例、唇腭裂7例、心脏畸形26例、前腹壁畸形者3例、肢体畸形6例、肾脏疾病4例、胸腔疾病4例、单脐动脉10例。实时三维超声彩色多普勒检查畸形胎儿的检出率(93.67%)高于二维超声检查(80.32%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实时三维超声彩色多普勒检查预测孕中期胎儿畸形的灵敏度为85.21%、特异度为93.75%、准确度为89.62%。结论实时三维超声彩色多普勒检查在孕中期胎儿畸形中的诊断价值较高。

古代立春节气迎春礼俗纺织品之“青”色探析

纺织品色彩是中国古代二十四节气的重要标志之一,在立春节气中标志性色彩为“青”。通过节气文化和纺织色彩文化挖掘,以及纺织品“青”色界定,为古代色彩体系研究提供更多视角,推动中华传统文化复兴。文章综合古籍梳理迎春官方礼仪和民间礼俗两条发展脉络,探讨了立春古代纺织品色彩范式特征、“青”色释意与现代表达,并提出一种基于现代色彩体系与古代立春青色的对照关系,建立色彩范围。研究发现,纺织品青色是立春迎春礼俗中的标志性色彩,古代“青”在指代纺织品时,以源于天然靛青染成的蓝色为主要色相,在PCCS色彩体系中归类为蓝色、蓝绿色相与饱和度中等、明度中等的色彩特征。

中国传统色彩在现代服饰设计中的创新应用——以二十四节气中的正色为例

中国传统文化在当今社会越来越受到人们的关注,传统文化中具有民间色彩代表的“二十四节气”体现着人类文明智慧的结晶,从中国传统哲学思想中的五行说、五色观等来探究二十四节气中的传统正色,分析中国传统五种正色“青、赤、黄、黑、白”在传统服饰中的运用特征,探讨中国传统色彩在现代服饰设计中的创新应用。