Objective: To investigate the expression of fragilehistidine triad (FHIT) gene and its correlation withclinicopathological features and correlation with mismatchrepair protein (mainly MLH1 and MSH2) in humansporadic c...Objective: To investigate the expression of fragilehistidine triad (FHIT) gene and its correlation withclinicopathological features and correlation with mismatchrepair protein (mainly MLH1 and MSH2) in humansporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCC). Methods:Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to determinethe expression of FHIT, MLH1 and MSH2 protein insurgically resected specimens of 84 human SCC. Results:The positive rates of FHIT, MLH1 and MSH2 proteinexpression were 48.81%, 92.86% and 100% respectively.Loss or reduced expression of FHIT protein was not related with tumors clinicopathological features such as age, gender, tumors site and histological type (P>0.05), but wascorrelated with tumors invade depth, degree of thedifferentiation, Ducks?stage and metastasis (P<0.05). There was no relationship between FHIT gene expression andMLH1 protein (r=0.0991, P>0.05) and MSH2 protein(r=0.0000, P=l.00) expression in human SCC. Conclusion:Absent or reduction of FHIT gene expression consists ofhigh proportion and is a frequent event in SCC. FHIT gene is involved in the development and progression of humanSCC and may be a candidate tumors suppressor gene. The relationship between alteration of FHIT gene expression and mismatch repair protein (mainly MLH1 and MSH2)deserved further study in human SCC.展开更多
Colorectal carcinoma is common,particularly on the left side.In 20%of patients,obstruction and ileus may be the first clinical manifestations of a carcinoma that has advanced(stage II,III or even IV).Diagnosis is base...Colorectal carcinoma is common,particularly on the left side.In 20%of patients,obstruction and ileus may be the first clinical manifestations of a carcinoma that has advanced(stage II,III or even IV).Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation,plain abdominal radiogram,computed tomography(CT),CT colonography and positron emission tomography/CT.The best management strategy in terms of short-term operative or interventional and long-term oncological outcomes re-mains unknown.For the most common left-sided obstruction,the first choice should be either emergency surgery or endoscopic decompression by self-expen-dable metal stents or tubes.The operative plan should be either one-stage or two-stage resection.One-stage resection with on-table bowel decompression and irrigation can be accompanied or not accompanied by proximal defunctioning stoma(colostomy or ileostomy).Primary anastomosis is more convenient but has increased risks of anastomotic leakage and morbidity.Two-stage resection(Hart-mann’s procedure)is safer and the most widely used despite temporally affecting quality of life.Damage control surgery in high-risk frail patients is less frequently performed since it can be successfully substituted with endoscopic stenting or tubing.For the less common right-sided obstruction,one-stage surgical resection is more beneficial than endoscopic decompression.The role of minimally invasive surgery(laparoscopic or robotic)is a subject of debate.Emergency laparoscopic-assisted management is advantageous to some extent but requires much expertise due to inherent difficulties in dissecting the distended colon and the risk of rup-ture and subsequent septic complications.The decompressing stent as a bridge to elective surgery more substantially decreases the risks of morbidity and mortality than emergency surgery for decompression and has equivalent medium-term overall survival and disease-free survival rates.Its combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation may have a positive effect on long-term oncological outcomes.Management plans are crucial and must be individualized to better fit each case.Core Tip:Acute obstruction is common in patients with more advanced colorectal carcinoma and may be the first manifestation mainly of left-sided obstruction and in elderly individuals.Emergency decompression is mandatory.Emergency surgical resection and primary anastomosis accompanied or not accompanied by proximal defunctioning stoma must be the first treatment choice for fit patients under 70 years.Hartmann’s two-stage procedure,although more preferable,must be the second alternative choice.Emergency endoscopic self-expendable metal stents must be preferred in unfit patients as a bridge to surgery and for palliative treatment in all inoperable cases.However,these basic management principles constitute a general direction.Decision-making is important and should be individualized.展开更多
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the expression of GLI1 and PTTG1 in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and their association with lymph node metastasis(LNM).Therefore,more releva...BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the expression of GLI1 and PTTG1 in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and their association with lymph node metastasis(LNM).Therefore,more relevant studies and analyses need to be conducted.AIM To explore GLI1 and PTTG1 expression in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC and their correlation with LNM.METHODS This study selected 103 patients with CRC admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and April 2023.Sample specimens of CRC and adjacent tissues were collected to determine the positive rates and expression levels of GLI1 and PTTG1.The correlation of the two genes with patients’clinicopathological data(e.g.,LNM)was explored,and differences in GLI1 and PTTG1 expression between patients with LNM and those without were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive potential of the two genes for LNM in patients with CRC.RESULTS Significantly higher positive rates and expression levels of GLI1 and PTTG1 wereobserved in CRC tissue samples compared with adjacent tissues.GLI1 and PTTG1 were strongly linked to LNM in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC,with higher GLI1 and PTTG1 levels found in patients with LNM than in those without.The areas under the ROC curve of GLI1 and PTTG1 in assessing LNM in patients with CRC were 0.824 and 0.811,respectively.CONCLUSION GLI1 and PTTG1 expression was upregulated in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC and are significantly related to LNM in these patients.Moreover,high GLI1 and PTTG1 expression can indicate LNM in patients with CRC undergoing radical surgery.The expression of both genes has certain diagnostic and therapeutic significance.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multiple primary colorectal carcinoma(MPCC)is a rare clinical disease,which is challenging to differentiate from metastatic disease using histopathological methods.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)has been em...BACKGROUND Multiple primary colorectal carcinoma(MPCC)is a rare clinical disease,which is challenging to differentiate from metastatic disease using histopathological methods.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)has been employed to identify multiple primary cancers.CASE SUMMARY This study a rare case of a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with MPCC by targeted NGS,which was initially missed by radiological evaluation.The patient was found to have two tumors located on the surface of the colorectum which had distinct genomic alterations.Based on wild-type KRAS detected in the unresected tumor,the patient benefited from the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)inhibitor cetuximab treatment,but developed novel mutations including KIF5B-RET fusion,which provides a possible resistance mechanism to anti-EGFR therapy.CONCLUSION Our case highlights the necessity of using genetic testing for primary tumor diagnosis and the application of serial plasma circulating tumor DNA profiling for dynamic disease monitoring.展开更多
BACKGROUND This study investigate the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and whether its mediated by hsa_circ_0136666 through miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Through multiple experiments,we have drawn the co...BACKGROUND This study investigate the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and whether its mediated by hsa_circ_0136666 through miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Through multiple experiments,we have drawn the conclusion that curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.AIM To determine whether hsa_circ_0136666 involvement in curcumin-triggered CRC progression was mediated by sponging miR-1301-3p.METHODS Cell counting kit-8,colony-forming cell,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine,and flow cytometry assays were carried out to determine cell proliferation,apoptosis,and cell cycle progression.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction quantified hsa_circ_0136666,miR-1301-3p,and chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL1),and western blot analysis determined CXCL1,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2 related X protein(Bax)protein levels.CircBank or starbase software was first used for the prediction of miR-1301-3p binding with hsa_circ_0136666 and CXCL1,followed by RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation,and dualluciferase reporter assay validation.In vivo experiments were implemented in a murine xenograft model.RESULTS Curcumin blocked CRC cell proliferation but boosted apoptosis.Moreover,elevated hsa_circ_0136666 Levels were observed in CRC cells,which were reduced by curcumin.In vitro,hsa_circ_0136666 overexpression abolished the antitumor activity of CRC cells.Mechanical analysis revealed the ability of hsa_circ_0136666 to sponge miR-1301-3p to modulate CXCL1 levels.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.展开更多
Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in patients with colorectal carcinoma were determined in order to assess their clinical significance a...Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in patients with colorectal carcinoma were determined in order to assess their clinical significance as a diagnostic tool for monitoring lymph node metastasis. In 66 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 30 healthy controls, circulating VEGF-C and VEGF levels were assessed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum VEGF-C and VEGF levels were higher in patients with colorectal carcinoma than in healthy controls. Patients with lymph node metastasis had higher serum VEGF-C and VEGF levels than those without lymph node metastasis. The levels of VEGF-C and VEGF were higher in the invasion group than in the non-invasion group. Serum VEGF-C levels reached a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 76 % with a cutoff value of 1438.0 pg/mL, whereas VEGF levels reached 72 % sensitivity and 74 % specificity at 240.2 pg/ mL. If 66 patients were divided into 4 groups according to the combined determination of VEGF-C and VEGF levels, the positive predictive value was 85.3 %, the negative predictive value was 94.6 %, and accuracy was 93.7 %. It was suggested that circulating VEGF-C levels might provide additional information for distinguishing the absence from presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal carcinoma. The combined determination of VEGF-C and VEGF levels could be used as an important index for preoperatively clinical stage of colorectal carcinoma.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the relationship of poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolase(PARG) with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(b-FG...Objective: To investigate the relationship of poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolase(PARG) with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(b-FGF) in colorectal carcinoma(CRC). Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect PARG, PARP, VEGF and b-FGF in human colorectal carcinoma. Flow cytometry was used to detect PARG and PARP in murine CT26 cell line. Gallotannin (GLTN) was served as PARG inhibitor. Results: The individual positive rates of PARG, PARE VEGF and b-FGF were 55.81%(24/43), 97.67%(42/43), 79.07%(34/43) and 81.40%(35/43), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of control group. The positive PARG was correlated to PARP(r=0.3703, P〈0.05) and b-FGF (r=0.4838, P〈0.05). The positive PARP was correlated to VEGF (r=0.3968, P〈0.05) and b-FGF (r=0.5610, P〈0.05). Both PARG and PARP were expressed in CT26 cells. The positive staining rates of PARG and PARP in GLTN-treated group were 7.3% and 52.38%, respectively. They were markedly reduced than those of control group (55.41% and 95.28%, P〈0.01, n=10000). Conclusion: The data suggest that PARG expression probably plays a role for VEGF and b-FGF expression in colorectal carcinoma.展开更多
Summary: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with lymph node metastasis, the expression of VEGF-C protein in colorectal carcinoma tissu...Summary: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with lymph node metastasis, the expression of VEGF-C protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues obtained from 94 patients who underwent radical resection was immunohistochemically detected. Meanwhile, the expression of VEGF-C mRNA in 4 colorectal carcinoma cell lines was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).VEGF-C protein was found to be expressed in 53.2 % of patients. The expression was more frequently detected in tumors with lymph node metastasis than in those without metastasis (P<0.01), and there was significant correlation between its expression and lymphatic invasion, TNM stage (P<0.01). However, no significant correlation was found between its expression and the age, gender, tumor location, depth of invasion and vascular invasion. 2 of the 4 colorectal carcinoma cell lines, including LoVo and LoVo-5FU, expressed VEGF-C mRNA. The expression of VEGF-C is closely related to lymph node metastasis, and it might take part in the tumor lymphangiogenesis.展开更多
Objective: To investigate cathepsin B(CB) expression in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with microvessel density (MVD) and biological behavior. Methods: CB and MVD were detected by immunohistochemistry in 47...Objective: To investigate cathepsin B(CB) expression in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with microvessel density (MVD) and biological behavior. Methods: CB and MVD were detected by immunohistochemistry in 47 cases of colorectal carcinoma. Results: The expression of CB in mucinous colorectal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in no-mucinous colorectal carcinoma. There was significant difference (P<0.05). The MVD in group with positive CB was stronger than that in group with negative CB. There was also significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that CB expression has correlation with MVD, invasion and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma, especially in mucinous colorectal carcinoma.展开更多
Colorectal carcinoma(CRC) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two pathogenic pathways are involved in the development of adenoma to CRC. The first pathway involves APC/β-catenin characterized by c...Colorectal carcinoma(CRC) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two pathogenic pathways are involved in the development of adenoma to CRC. The first pathway involves APC/β-catenin characterized by chromosomal instability resulting in the accumulation of mutations. The second pathway is characterized by lesions in DNA mismatch repair genes.Aberrant DNA methylation in selected gene promoters has emerged as a new epigenetic pathway in CRC development. CRC screening is the most efficient strategy to reduce death. Specific DNA methylation events occur in multistep carcinogenesis.Epigenetic gene silencing is a causative factor of CRC development. DNA methylations have been extensively examined in stool from CRC and precursor lesions. Many methylated genes have been described in CRC and adenoma, although no definite DNA methylation biomarkers panel has been established. Multiple DNA methylation biomarkers, including secreted frizzled-related protein 2, secreted frizzled-related protein 1, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, vimentin, and methylguanine DNA methyltransferase, have been further investigated, and observations have revealed that DNA methylation biomarkers exhibit with high sensitivity and specificity. These markers may also be used to diagnose CRC and adenoma in early stages. Real time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) is sensitive, scalable, specific, reliable, time saving, and cost effective. Stool exfoliated markers provide advantages, including sensitivity and specificity. A stool q PCR methylation test may also be an enhanced tool for CRC and adenoma screening.展开更多
Objective: To explore the antitumor mechanisms of whole peptidoglycan of bifidobacterium. Methods: The apoptotic cells and the positive expression of bcl-2 and bax oncoprotein were studied nude mice transplantation tu...Objective: To explore the antitumor mechanisms of whole peptidoglycan of bifidobacterium. Methods: The apoptotic cells and the positive expression of bcl-2 and bax oncoprotein were studied nude mice transplantation tumors of colorectal carcinoma by employing in situ end labeling technique and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The apoptotic cell density, the positive rate and the staining intensity of bax oncoprotein of the transplantation tumor of colorectal carcinoma in the whole peptidoglycan injection group were significantly higher when compared with the tumor control group. The positive rate of bcl-2 oncoportein in the whole peptidoglycan injection group was obviously lower than that in the tumor control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Whole peptidoglycan of Bifidobacterium bifidum could induce cell apoptosis of nude mice transplantation tumors of colorectal carcinoma by down-regulating the expression of the bcl-2 gene and upregulating the expression of the bax gene.展开更多
It is well known that one-stage resection of synchronous multiple primary colorectal carcinoma is an ideal choice if the patient's physical condition is not bad. Detailed examination of the whole intestinal tract is ...It is well known that one-stage resection of synchronous multiple primary colorectal carcinoma is an ideal choice if the patient's physical condition is not bad. Detailed examination of the whole intestinal tract is very important for patients with colorectal cancer, which could prevent patients from receiving repeat treatment to a great extent. We present a case report of a patient with synchronous primary colorectal cancer. Because pre-or intra-operative examination is not sufficient at his first consultation, the patient had undergone multiple operations after receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy and intestinal stent insertion, which results in peritoneal adhesions formation. The preoperative placement of prophylactic ureteral catheters facilitated recognition of ureters in operation that assure the prevention of ureteral injuries. If not aware of the importance of detailed preoperative examination and standardized treatment can lead to wrong treatment as in this case. Prophylactic ureteral catheters might assist in their immediate recognition.展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and its malignancy potential in colorectal carcinoma. Methods: Paraffin sections of 86 patients with advanced colorectal carci...Objective: To study the relationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and its malignancy potential in colorectal carcinoma. Methods: Paraffin sections of 86 patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma were assessed by immunohistochemical study, using a mouse monoclonal antibody (pc-10, DAKO Co. USA) to check proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). To compare PCNA with conventional clinicopathologic factor, including p53 overexpression, tissue carcinoembnyonic antigen immunoreactivity pattern and flow cytometric DNA ploidy for assessing tumor malignancy potential. In addition, recurrence and survival of patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma after curative resection were analyzed in accordance with degree of PCNA expression. Results: PCNA-labeling index (PCNA-LI) increased significantly as the tumor stage advanced (p=0.0001). Strong correlations were observed between PCNA-LI and various pathologic parameters, including histologic differentiation (P=0.0027), lymphatic invasion (P=0.0001), vascular invasion (P=0.0001), lymph node metastasis (P=0.0001), and liver metastasis (P=0.0036). Mean PCNA-LI was also significantly higher in tumor with DNA aneuploidy (P=0.0006) and negative (P=0.01). Linear relationships were demonstrated between PCNA-LI and clinical outcomes; Recurrence rate was significantly greater in the group with higher than the mean PCNA-LI, who underwent curative resection (P<0.01), and three-year survival rates for curative cases with higher than the mean PCNA-LI were significantly poorer than those with lower than mean PCNA-LI (P<0.005). Conclusion: There were correlations between PCNA-LI and various pathologic parameters, PCNA-LI increased significantly as the tumor stage advanced in colorectal carcinoma, the rates of recurrence and death got higher as PCNA-LI increased after curative resection for colorectal carcinoma.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma is very important for the appropriate treatment of such patients. However, there has been no effective approach available for clinical applicatio...BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma is very important for the appropriate treatment of such patients. However, there has been no effective approach available for clinical application. The present study aimed to investigate the differential expression of proteins in patients with liver metastasis of colorectal carcinomas using proteomic analysis and evaluate its potentiality in clinical diagnosis. METHODS: Fluorescence two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) was used to analyze and compare the protein expression between normal mucosa, the primary focus, and liver metastases. Proteomic analysis was made to identify the differentially expressed proteins. Immunohistological staining was used to confirm the expression of differentially expressed proteins in colorectal carcinomas and areas of liver metastasis. RESULTS: A 1.5-fold difference was found with 46 differentially expressed proteins. In 20 differentially expressed proteins, 3 were down-regulated and 17 up-regulated in liver metastases. Proteomic analysis showed that the S-adenosylmethionine transgelin variant was down-regulated in liver metastasis tissues. Zinc finger protein 64 homolog (Zfp64), guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 (GEF4), human arginase, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) A3, and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-alpha)-induced protein 9 were up-regulated in liver metastasis tissues. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that human arginase expression was higher in liver metastases than in the primary focus. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference in protein expression between the primary focus of colorectal carcinoma and liver metastases. The differentially regulated proteins were closely related to liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. Elevated human arginase may be an important molecular marker for liver metastasis from colorectal carcinoma. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Jut 2010; 9: 149-153)展开更多
BACKGROUND: The molecular mechanism of hepaticmetastasis of colorectal cancer is not well understood. Theaim of this study was to assess the relations between phos-pholipid contents of cellular membrane and isoenzyme ...BACKGROUND: The molecular mechanism of hepaticmetastasis of colorectal cancer is not well understood. Theaim of this study was to assess the relations between phos-pholipid contents of cellular membrane and isoenzyme ex-pression of protein kinase C (PKC) and their effects on he-patic metastasis of colorectal cancer.METHODS: High performance liquid chromatography wasused to detect contents of cell membrane phospholipids:phosphatidylinosital (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), phos-phatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC)in primary foci, paratumor mucosa and hepatic metastaticfoci in patients with colorectal carcinoma. The mRNA ex-pression levels of PKC-α, -δ, -ε, -λ, -ξ isoenzymeswere detected with the QRT-PCR technique.RESULTS: The levels of PI, PC and PE in primary foci andhepatic metastatic foci were higher than those in paratumormucosa. The level of PE in hepatic metastatic foci wasmuch higher than that in primary foci (t =98.88, P <0.01);but the levels of PI and PC were not significantly differentbetween primary foci and hepatic metastatic foci (t =1.73 ,1.36, P>0.05). The expression levels of -δ, -ε,-λ, -ξ were enhanced in primary foci and hepatic metasta-tic foci, but the level of PKC-α in primary foci was de-creased as compared with that in paratumor mucosa. Thelevels of PKC-δ, -ε, -λ, -ξ in hepatic metastatic foci werehigher than those in primary foci. A positive correlationwas observed between the expression levels of PI, PC andand also between those of PE and PKC-δ, -ε, -λ,-ξ. However, there was a close negative correlation be-tween PE and PKC-α.CONCLUSION: Increased levels of PI and PC and de-creased ratio of PKC-α to are related to colorectalcancer genesis. Increased levels of PE, increased expressionof PKC-δ, -ε, -λ, -ξ isoenzymes and decreased level ofPKC-α are related to hepatic metastasis in colorectal carci-noma.展开更多
To study the significance of FasL expression in immune escape of colorectal carcinoma, FasL protein expression and the number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma were det...To study the significance of FasL expression in immune escape of colorectal carcinoma, FasL protein expression and the number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma were detected by immunohistochemitry. The mRNA of FasL was measured by in situ hybridization in the consecutive tissue slices of 80 colorectal carcinomas respectively. Using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediaed dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), apoptotic cells were detected in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma. The expression of FasL was detected in all 80 specimens, but it was not even in the same or among different tissues. In the consecutive tissue slices, the location of expression of FasL protein corresponded with that of FasL mRNA. In those with FasL extensive expression, the number of TILs was less than that of FasL weak expression (P〈0. 05), and the apoptotic index (AI) of TILs was higher and that of tumor cells was lower than that of FasL with weak expression respectively (P〈0. 01). The AI of TILs was correlated with that of tumor cells (r=-0. 631, P〈0. 01). It was suggested that colorectal carcinoma cells can induce the apoptosis of TILs through the expression of FasL, which can counterattack the immune system. This may be one of the mechanisms of immune evasion in colorectal carcinoma.展开更多
The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese.The clinical,pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 pa...The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese.The clinical,pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 patients (mean age:54.2 years) with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma.Plain CT scanning and contrast-enhanced scanning were performed in all the patients.For the contrast-enhanced examination,iohexol was injected by using a high pressure syringe at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 mL/s.The arterial phase lasted approximately 25 s and the portal venous phase about 60 s.All patients had no history of chronic liver diseases and had never received interventional treatments.χ 2-test was used to analyze the rate of calcification in the liver metastasis from colorectal cancer of different differentiation degrees.Among the 210 cases of liver metastases,22 patients (10.5%) were found to have calcified liver metastases on CT scan.Two patients with calcified liver metastasis received lumpectomy and developed calcification in recurrent tumors.Another two patients had calcification in newly developed tumor masses.And the calcification in the newly developed masses was similar to that of their primary counterparts in terms of morphology and distribution.On the enhanced CT scan,the tumors exhibited no enhancement during hepatic arterial phase and showed slight rim enhancement during portal venous scan in the 22 cases.The calcification became obscure on contrast-enhanced scans.Histopathologically,the primary tumors were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 6 cases,moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 10,poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 4 and mucinous adenocarcinoma in 2 among the 22 cases.No statistical correlation was noted between the incidence of calcified liver metastasis and the pathological subtypes and differentiation degrees of the primary colorectal carcinoma.It was concluded that calcified liver metastases may result from colorectal adenocarcinomata of different differentiation degrees or mucinous adenocarcinomata in Chinese population.There is no correlation between calcification of liver metastases and the pathological subtype of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese,which is different from the findings that calcified metastases were associated with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma in other ethnic groups.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the significance of Poly(ADP-ribose) glycolhydrolase(PARG) and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase(MT1-MMP) expressions in human colorectal carcinoma.Methods:Immunohistochemical s...Objective:To investigate the significance of Poly(ADP-ribose) glycolhydrolase(PARG) and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase(MT1-MMP) expressions in human colorectal carcinoma.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining for PARG and MT1-MMP was carried out on colorectal adenoma-carcinoma tissue microarrays containing normal colorectal mucosae,adenoma,adenoma with malignant transformation and adenocarcinoma(total 130 specimens).The expressions of PARG and MT1-MMP in the GLTN [Gallotannin]-treated and GLTN-untreated lovo cells were detected by Western Blot.Results:PARG expression in adenocarcinoma(83.1%) and adenoma with malignant transformation(66.7%) was significantly higher than that in normal colorectal mucosa(10%) and adenoma(10.5%).Expression of MT1-MMp in normal colorectal mucosa and adenoma was negative,while the expression in adenocarcinoma(80.3%) and adenoma with malignant transformation(72.2%) was high.The expressions of PARG and MT1-MMP in adenocarcinoma with metastasis and in late tumor stages were significantly higher than those in adenocarcinoma with no metastasis and in early tumor stages.Thus,PARG expression shows a positive correlation with the expression of MT1-MMP.The expressions of PARG and MT1-MMP in GLTN-treated lovo cells were weaker than that in GLTN-untreated lovo cells.Conclusion:The expression of PARG was probably related to the development of colorectal carcinoma.PARG may play an important role for the regulation of MT1-MMP expression in colorectal carcinoma.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and P glycoprotein (Pgp) in human primary colorectal carcinoma and the relationship of ER and Pgp expressions with the biologic beh...The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and P glycoprotein (Pgp) in human primary colorectal carcinoma and the relationship of ER and Pgp expressions with the biologic behaviors of the tumor. Sixty five patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection were enrolled. The case records and pathological reports were reviewed. Paraffin embedded tumor specimens from the 65 cases were examined. The expression of ER and Pgp were determined with immunohistological technique. The relationship between the expressions of ER and Pgp and clinical and pathological characteristics were evaluated. The investigations showed that the positive expression of ER and Pgp were detected in 75.4% and 73.8% of the tumor tissue respectively. The rates of positive expression of ER and Pgp were high in tumor tissues than in normal mucosa (P<0.05). ER expression in the tumor was independent of sex and age of the patients, size ,site and Duke′s stages of the tumors, so did the Pgp expression. The results show that ER and Pgp expression increased in the course of carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. However, there was no strong evidence indicating that the expression of ER of Pgp was related to the clinical presentations and pathological stages.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,the predictive role of YKL-40 for long-term survival in colorectal cancer patients has been gradually investigated.However,whether it is a reliable and valuable prognostic indicator for pati...BACKGROUND In recent years,the predictive role of YKL-40 for long-term survival in colorectal cancer patients has been gradually investigated.However,whether it is a reliable and valuable prognostic indicator for patients with colorectal carcinoma has not been verified.AIM To identify the prognostic value of serum/plasma concentration of YKL-40 or expression status of YKL-40 in tumor cells in colorectal carcinoma patients.METHODS Several electronic databases including the PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,VIP and WanFang were searched for relevant studies.The hazard ratios(HR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were combined and the primary and secondary outcomes were overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS),respectively.All statistical analysis were conducted by STATA 15.0 software.RESULTS A total of nine studies involving 2545 patients were included.The pooled results indicated that YKL-40 was significantly associated with poor OS(HR=1.80,95%CI:1.32-2.45,P<0.001)and PFS(HR=1.62,95%CI:1.22-2.16,P=0.001).Subgroup analysis stratified by the treatment,tumor type and source of YKL-40 showed similar results.CONCLUSION Elevated serum/plasma concentration of YKL-40 or positive expression in tumor cells was related with worse prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients.YKL-40 might serve as a novel and reliable indicator for the evaluation of prognosis in colorectal cancer.展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the expression of fragilehistidine triad (FHIT) gene and its correlation withclinicopathological features and correlation with mismatchrepair protein (mainly MLH1 and MSH2) in humansporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCC). Methods:Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to determinethe expression of FHIT, MLH1 and MSH2 protein insurgically resected specimens of 84 human SCC. Results:The positive rates of FHIT, MLH1 and MSH2 proteinexpression were 48.81%, 92.86% and 100% respectively.Loss or reduced expression of FHIT protein was not related with tumors clinicopathological features such as age, gender, tumors site and histological type (P>0.05), but wascorrelated with tumors invade depth, degree of thedifferentiation, Ducks?stage and metastasis (P<0.05). There was no relationship between FHIT gene expression andMLH1 protein (r=0.0991, P>0.05) and MSH2 protein(r=0.0000, P=l.00) expression in human SCC. Conclusion:Absent or reduction of FHIT gene expression consists ofhigh proportion and is a frequent event in SCC. FHIT gene is involved in the development and progression of humanSCC and may be a candidate tumors suppressor gene. The relationship between alteration of FHIT gene expression and mismatch repair protein (mainly MLH1 and MSH2)deserved further study in human SCC.
文摘Colorectal carcinoma is common,particularly on the left side.In 20%of patients,obstruction and ileus may be the first clinical manifestations of a carcinoma that has advanced(stage II,III or even IV).Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation,plain abdominal radiogram,computed tomography(CT),CT colonography and positron emission tomography/CT.The best management strategy in terms of short-term operative or interventional and long-term oncological outcomes re-mains unknown.For the most common left-sided obstruction,the first choice should be either emergency surgery or endoscopic decompression by self-expen-dable metal stents or tubes.The operative plan should be either one-stage or two-stage resection.One-stage resection with on-table bowel decompression and irrigation can be accompanied or not accompanied by proximal defunctioning stoma(colostomy or ileostomy).Primary anastomosis is more convenient but has increased risks of anastomotic leakage and morbidity.Two-stage resection(Hart-mann’s procedure)is safer and the most widely used despite temporally affecting quality of life.Damage control surgery in high-risk frail patients is less frequently performed since it can be successfully substituted with endoscopic stenting or tubing.For the less common right-sided obstruction,one-stage surgical resection is more beneficial than endoscopic decompression.The role of minimally invasive surgery(laparoscopic or robotic)is a subject of debate.Emergency laparoscopic-assisted management is advantageous to some extent but requires much expertise due to inherent difficulties in dissecting the distended colon and the risk of rup-ture and subsequent septic complications.The decompressing stent as a bridge to elective surgery more substantially decreases the risks of morbidity and mortality than emergency surgery for decompression and has equivalent medium-term overall survival and disease-free survival rates.Its combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiation may have a positive effect on long-term oncological outcomes.Management plans are crucial and must be individualized to better fit each case.Core Tip:Acute obstruction is common in patients with more advanced colorectal carcinoma and may be the first manifestation mainly of left-sided obstruction and in elderly individuals.Emergency decompression is mandatory.Emergency surgical resection and primary anastomosis accompanied or not accompanied by proximal defunctioning stoma must be the first treatment choice for fit patients under 70 years.Hartmann’s two-stage procedure,although more preferable,must be the second alternative choice.Emergency endoscopic self-expendable metal stents must be preferred in unfit patients as a bridge to surgery and for palliative treatment in all inoperable cases.However,these basic management principles constitute a general direction.Decision-making is important and should be individualized.
文摘BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the expression of GLI1 and PTTG1 in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and their association with lymph node metastasis(LNM).Therefore,more relevant studies and analyses need to be conducted.AIM To explore GLI1 and PTTG1 expression in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC and their correlation with LNM.METHODS This study selected 103 patients with CRC admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and April 2023.Sample specimens of CRC and adjacent tissues were collected to determine the positive rates and expression levels of GLI1 and PTTG1.The correlation of the two genes with patients’clinicopathological data(e.g.,LNM)was explored,and differences in GLI1 and PTTG1 expression between patients with LNM and those without were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive potential of the two genes for LNM in patients with CRC.RESULTS Significantly higher positive rates and expression levels of GLI1 and PTTG1 wereobserved in CRC tissue samples compared with adjacent tissues.GLI1 and PTTG1 were strongly linked to LNM in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC,with higher GLI1 and PTTG1 levels found in patients with LNM than in those without.The areas under the ROC curve of GLI1 and PTTG1 in assessing LNM in patients with CRC were 0.824 and 0.811,respectively.CONCLUSION GLI1 and PTTG1 expression was upregulated in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC and are significantly related to LNM in these patients.Moreover,high GLI1 and PTTG1 expression can indicate LNM in patients with CRC undergoing radical surgery.The expression of both genes has certain diagnostic and therapeutic significance.
文摘BACKGROUND Multiple primary colorectal carcinoma(MPCC)is a rare clinical disease,which is challenging to differentiate from metastatic disease using histopathological methods.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)has been employed to identify multiple primary cancers.CASE SUMMARY This study a rare case of a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with MPCC by targeted NGS,which was initially missed by radiological evaluation.The patient was found to have two tumors located on the surface of the colorectum which had distinct genomic alterations.Based on wild-type KRAS detected in the unresected tumor,the patient benefited from the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)inhibitor cetuximab treatment,but developed novel mutations including KIF5B-RET fusion,which provides a possible resistance mechanism to anti-EGFR therapy.CONCLUSION Our case highlights the necessity of using genetic testing for primary tumor diagnosis and the application of serial plasma circulating tumor DNA profiling for dynamic disease monitoring.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81960508Yunnan Province Wang Bin Expert Workstation,No.202205AF150011.
文摘BACKGROUND This study investigate the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and whether its mediated by hsa_circ_0136666 through miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 in colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Through multiple experiments,we have drawn the conclusion that curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.AIM To determine whether hsa_circ_0136666 involvement in curcumin-triggered CRC progression was mediated by sponging miR-1301-3p.METHODS Cell counting kit-8,colony-forming cell,5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine,and flow cytometry assays were carried out to determine cell proliferation,apoptosis,and cell cycle progression.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction quantified hsa_circ_0136666,miR-1301-3p,and chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL1),and western blot analysis determined CXCL1,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2 related X protein(Bax)protein levels.CircBank or starbase software was first used for the prediction of miR-1301-3p binding with hsa_circ_0136666 and CXCL1,followed by RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation,and dualluciferase reporter assay validation.In vivo experiments were implemented in a murine xenograft model.RESULTS Curcumin blocked CRC cell proliferation but boosted apoptosis.Moreover,elevated hsa_circ_0136666 Levels were observed in CRC cells,which were reduced by curcumin.In vitro,hsa_circ_0136666 overexpression abolished the antitumor activity of CRC cells.Mechanical analysis revealed the ability of hsa_circ_0136666 to sponge miR-1301-3p to modulate CXCL1 levels.CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibited CRC development through the hsa_circ_0136666/miR-1301-3p/CXCL1 axis,hinting at a novel treatment option for curcumin to prevent CRC development.
文摘Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in patients with colorectal carcinoma were determined in order to assess their clinical significance as a diagnostic tool for monitoring lymph node metastasis. In 66 patients with colorectal carcinoma and 30 healthy controls, circulating VEGF-C and VEGF levels were assessed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum VEGF-C and VEGF levels were higher in patients with colorectal carcinoma than in healthy controls. Patients with lymph node metastasis had higher serum VEGF-C and VEGF levels than those without lymph node metastasis. The levels of VEGF-C and VEGF were higher in the invasion group than in the non-invasion group. Serum VEGF-C levels reached a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 76 % with a cutoff value of 1438.0 pg/mL, whereas VEGF levels reached 72 % sensitivity and 74 % specificity at 240.2 pg/ mL. If 66 patients were divided into 4 groups according to the combined determination of VEGF-C and VEGF levels, the positive predictive value was 85.3 %, the negative predictive value was 94.6 %, and accuracy was 93.7 %. It was suggested that circulating VEGF-C levels might provide additional information for distinguishing the absence from presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal carcinoma. The combined determination of VEGF-C and VEGF levels could be used as an important index for preoperatively clinical stage of colorectal carcinoma.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 30870946)Natural Science Foundation of CQ CSTC(CSTC, 2006BB5288)
文摘Objective: To investigate the relationship of poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolase(PARG) with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor(b-FGF) in colorectal carcinoma(CRC). Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect PARG, PARP, VEGF and b-FGF in human colorectal carcinoma. Flow cytometry was used to detect PARG and PARP in murine CT26 cell line. Gallotannin (GLTN) was served as PARG inhibitor. Results: The individual positive rates of PARG, PARE VEGF and b-FGF were 55.81%(24/43), 97.67%(42/43), 79.07%(34/43) and 81.40%(35/43), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of control group. The positive PARG was correlated to PARP(r=0.3703, P〈0.05) and b-FGF (r=0.4838, P〈0.05). The positive PARP was correlated to VEGF (r=0.3968, P〈0.05) and b-FGF (r=0.5610, P〈0.05). Both PARG and PARP were expressed in CT26 cells. The positive staining rates of PARG and PARP in GLTN-treated group were 7.3% and 52.38%, respectively. They were markedly reduced than those of control group (55.41% and 95.28%, P〈0.01, n=10000). Conclusion: The data suggest that PARG expression probably plays a role for VEGF and b-FGF expression in colorectal carcinoma.
文摘Summary: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with lymph node metastasis, the expression of VEGF-C protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues obtained from 94 patients who underwent radical resection was immunohistochemically detected. Meanwhile, the expression of VEGF-C mRNA in 4 colorectal carcinoma cell lines was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).VEGF-C protein was found to be expressed in 53.2 % of patients. The expression was more frequently detected in tumors with lymph node metastasis than in those without metastasis (P<0.01), and there was significant correlation between its expression and lymphatic invasion, TNM stage (P<0.01). However, no significant correlation was found between its expression and the age, gender, tumor location, depth of invasion and vascular invasion. 2 of the 4 colorectal carcinoma cell lines, including LoVo and LoVo-5FU, expressed VEGF-C mRNA. The expression of VEGF-C is closely related to lymph node metastasis, and it might take part in the tumor lymphangiogenesis.
文摘Objective: To investigate cathepsin B(CB) expression in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with microvessel density (MVD) and biological behavior. Methods: CB and MVD were detected by immunohistochemistry in 47 cases of colorectal carcinoma. Results: The expression of CB in mucinous colorectal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in no-mucinous colorectal carcinoma. There was significant difference (P<0.05). The MVD in group with positive CB was stronger than that in group with negative CB. There was also significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that CB expression has correlation with MVD, invasion and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma, especially in mucinous colorectal carcinoma.
文摘Colorectal carcinoma(CRC) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Two pathogenic pathways are involved in the development of adenoma to CRC. The first pathway involves APC/β-catenin characterized by chromosomal instability resulting in the accumulation of mutations. The second pathway is characterized by lesions in DNA mismatch repair genes.Aberrant DNA methylation in selected gene promoters has emerged as a new epigenetic pathway in CRC development. CRC screening is the most efficient strategy to reduce death. Specific DNA methylation events occur in multistep carcinogenesis.Epigenetic gene silencing is a causative factor of CRC development. DNA methylations have been extensively examined in stool from CRC and precursor lesions. Many methylated genes have been described in CRC and adenoma, although no definite DNA methylation biomarkers panel has been established. Multiple DNA methylation biomarkers, including secreted frizzled-related protein 2, secreted frizzled-related protein 1, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, vimentin, and methylguanine DNA methyltransferase, have been further investigated, and observations have revealed that DNA methylation biomarkers exhibit with high sensitivity and specificity. These markers may also be used to diagnose CRC and adenoma in early stages. Real time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR) is sensitive, scalable, specific, reliable, time saving, and cost effective. Stool exfoliated markers provide advantages, including sensitivity and specificity. A stool q PCR methylation test may also be an enhanced tool for CRC and adenoma screening.
文摘Objective: To explore the antitumor mechanisms of whole peptidoglycan of bifidobacterium. Methods: The apoptotic cells and the positive expression of bcl-2 and bax oncoprotein were studied nude mice transplantation tumors of colorectal carcinoma by employing in situ end labeling technique and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The apoptotic cell density, the positive rate and the staining intensity of bax oncoprotein of the transplantation tumor of colorectal carcinoma in the whole peptidoglycan injection group were significantly higher when compared with the tumor control group. The positive rate of bcl-2 oncoportein in the whole peptidoglycan injection group was obviously lower than that in the tumor control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Whole peptidoglycan of Bifidobacterium bifidum could induce cell apoptosis of nude mice transplantation tumors of colorectal carcinoma by down-regulating the expression of the bcl-2 gene and upregulating the expression of the bax gene.
文摘It is well known that one-stage resection of synchronous multiple primary colorectal carcinoma is an ideal choice if the patient's physical condition is not bad. Detailed examination of the whole intestinal tract is very important for patients with colorectal cancer, which could prevent patients from receiving repeat treatment to a great extent. We present a case report of a patient with synchronous primary colorectal cancer. Because pre-or intra-operative examination is not sufficient at his first consultation, the patient had undergone multiple operations after receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy and intestinal stent insertion, which results in peritoneal adhesions formation. The preoperative placement of prophylactic ureteral catheters facilitated recognition of ureters in operation that assure the prevention of ureteral injuries. If not aware of the importance of detailed preoperative examination and standardized treatment can lead to wrong treatment as in this case. Prophylactic ureteral catheters might assist in their immediate recognition.
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and its malignancy potential in colorectal carcinoma. Methods: Paraffin sections of 86 patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma were assessed by immunohistochemical study, using a mouse monoclonal antibody (pc-10, DAKO Co. USA) to check proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). To compare PCNA with conventional clinicopathologic factor, including p53 overexpression, tissue carcinoembnyonic antigen immunoreactivity pattern and flow cytometric DNA ploidy for assessing tumor malignancy potential. In addition, recurrence and survival of patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma after curative resection were analyzed in accordance with degree of PCNA expression. Results: PCNA-labeling index (PCNA-LI) increased significantly as the tumor stage advanced (p=0.0001). Strong correlations were observed between PCNA-LI and various pathologic parameters, including histologic differentiation (P=0.0027), lymphatic invasion (P=0.0001), vascular invasion (P=0.0001), lymph node metastasis (P=0.0001), and liver metastasis (P=0.0036). Mean PCNA-LI was also significantly higher in tumor with DNA aneuploidy (P=0.0006) and negative (P=0.01). Linear relationships were demonstrated between PCNA-LI and clinical outcomes; Recurrence rate was significantly greater in the group with higher than the mean PCNA-LI, who underwent curative resection (P<0.01), and three-year survival rates for curative cases with higher than the mean PCNA-LI were significantly poorer than those with lower than mean PCNA-LI (P<0.005). Conclusion: There were correlations between PCNA-LI and various pathologic parameters, PCNA-LI increased significantly as the tumor stage advanced in colorectal carcinoma, the rates of recurrence and death got higher as PCNA-LI increased after curative resection for colorectal carcinoma.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30471700)the "Tenth one five"Science and Technique Foundation of the PLA,China(No.06G027)
文摘BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma is very important for the appropriate treatment of such patients. However, there has been no effective approach available for clinical application. The present study aimed to investigate the differential expression of proteins in patients with liver metastasis of colorectal carcinomas using proteomic analysis and evaluate its potentiality in clinical diagnosis. METHODS: Fluorescence two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) was used to analyze and compare the protein expression between normal mucosa, the primary focus, and liver metastases. Proteomic analysis was made to identify the differentially expressed proteins. Immunohistological staining was used to confirm the expression of differentially expressed proteins in colorectal carcinomas and areas of liver metastasis. RESULTS: A 1.5-fold difference was found with 46 differentially expressed proteins. In 20 differentially expressed proteins, 3 were down-regulated and 17 up-regulated in liver metastases. Proteomic analysis showed that the S-adenosylmethionine transgelin variant was down-regulated in liver metastasis tissues. Zinc finger protein 64 homolog (Zfp64), guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 (GEF4), human arginase, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) A3, and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-alpha)-induced protein 9 were up-regulated in liver metastasis tissues. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that human arginase expression was higher in liver metastases than in the primary focus. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference in protein expression between the primary focus of colorectal carcinoma and liver metastases. The differentially regulated proteins were closely related to liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. Elevated human arginase may be an important molecular marker for liver metastasis from colorectal carcinoma. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Jut 2010; 9: 149-153)
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Nature Science Foun-dation of China (No. 30070747)
文摘BACKGROUND: The molecular mechanism of hepaticmetastasis of colorectal cancer is not well understood. Theaim of this study was to assess the relations between phos-pholipid contents of cellular membrane and isoenzyme ex-pression of protein kinase C (PKC) and their effects on he-patic metastasis of colorectal cancer.METHODS: High performance liquid chromatography wasused to detect contents of cell membrane phospholipids:phosphatidylinosital (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), phos-phatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC)in primary foci, paratumor mucosa and hepatic metastaticfoci in patients with colorectal carcinoma. The mRNA ex-pression levels of PKC-α, -δ, -ε, -λ, -ξ isoenzymeswere detected with the QRT-PCR technique.RESULTS: The levels of PI, PC and PE in primary foci andhepatic metastatic foci were higher than those in paratumormucosa. The level of PE in hepatic metastatic foci wasmuch higher than that in primary foci (t =98.88, P <0.01);but the levels of PI and PC were not significantly differentbetween primary foci and hepatic metastatic foci (t =1.73 ,1.36, P>0.05). The expression levels of -δ, -ε,-λ, -ξ were enhanced in primary foci and hepatic metasta-tic foci, but the level of PKC-α in primary foci was de-creased as compared with that in paratumor mucosa. Thelevels of PKC-δ, -ε, -λ, -ξ in hepatic metastatic foci werehigher than those in primary foci. A positive correlationwas observed between the expression levels of PI, PC andand also between those of PE and PKC-δ, -ε, -λ,-ξ. However, there was a close negative correlation be-tween PE and PKC-α.CONCLUSION: Increased levels of PI and PC and de-creased ratio of PKC-α to are related to colorectalcancer genesis. Increased levels of PE, increased expressionof PKC-δ, -ε, -λ, -ξ isoenzymes and decreased level ofPKC-α are related to hepatic metastasis in colorectal carci-noma.
文摘To study the significance of FasL expression in immune escape of colorectal carcinoma, FasL protein expression and the number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma were detected by immunohistochemitry. The mRNA of FasL was measured by in situ hybridization in the consecutive tissue slices of 80 colorectal carcinomas respectively. Using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediaed dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), apoptotic cells were detected in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma. The expression of FasL was detected in all 80 specimens, but it was not even in the same or among different tissues. In the consecutive tissue slices, the location of expression of FasL protein corresponded with that of FasL mRNA. In those with FasL extensive expression, the number of TILs was less than that of FasL weak expression (P〈0. 05), and the apoptotic index (AI) of TILs was higher and that of tumor cells was lower than that of FasL with weak expression respectively (P〈0. 01). The AI of TILs was correlated with that of tumor cells (r=-0. 631, P〈0. 01). It was suggested that colorectal carcinoma cells can induce the apoptosis of TILs through the expression of FasL, which can counterattack the immune system. This may be one of the mechanisms of immune evasion in colorectal carcinoma.
文摘The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese.The clinical,pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 patients (mean age:54.2 years) with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma.Plain CT scanning and contrast-enhanced scanning were performed in all the patients.For the contrast-enhanced examination,iohexol was injected by using a high pressure syringe at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 mL/s.The arterial phase lasted approximately 25 s and the portal venous phase about 60 s.All patients had no history of chronic liver diseases and had never received interventional treatments.χ 2-test was used to analyze the rate of calcification in the liver metastasis from colorectal cancer of different differentiation degrees.Among the 210 cases of liver metastases,22 patients (10.5%) were found to have calcified liver metastases on CT scan.Two patients with calcified liver metastasis received lumpectomy and developed calcification in recurrent tumors.Another two patients had calcification in newly developed tumor masses.And the calcification in the newly developed masses was similar to that of their primary counterparts in terms of morphology and distribution.On the enhanced CT scan,the tumors exhibited no enhancement during hepatic arterial phase and showed slight rim enhancement during portal venous scan in the 22 cases.The calcification became obscure on contrast-enhanced scans.Histopathologically,the primary tumors were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 6 cases,moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 10,poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 4 and mucinous adenocarcinoma in 2 among the 22 cases.No statistical correlation was noted between the incidence of calcified liver metastasis and the pathological subtypes and differentiation degrees of the primary colorectal carcinoma.It was concluded that calcified liver metastases may result from colorectal adenocarcinomata of different differentiation degrees or mucinous adenocarcinomata in Chinese population.There is no correlation between calcification of liver metastases and the pathological subtype of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese,which is different from the findings that calcified metastases were associated with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma in other ethnic groups.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30870946)Research Foundation of Chongqing Medical University(XB0536)
文摘Objective:To investigate the significance of Poly(ADP-ribose) glycolhydrolase(PARG) and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase(MT1-MMP) expressions in human colorectal carcinoma.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining for PARG and MT1-MMP was carried out on colorectal adenoma-carcinoma tissue microarrays containing normal colorectal mucosae,adenoma,adenoma with malignant transformation and adenocarcinoma(total 130 specimens).The expressions of PARG and MT1-MMP in the GLTN [Gallotannin]-treated and GLTN-untreated lovo cells were detected by Western Blot.Results:PARG expression in adenocarcinoma(83.1%) and adenoma with malignant transformation(66.7%) was significantly higher than that in normal colorectal mucosa(10%) and adenoma(10.5%).Expression of MT1-MMp in normal colorectal mucosa and adenoma was negative,while the expression in adenocarcinoma(80.3%) and adenoma with malignant transformation(72.2%) was high.The expressions of PARG and MT1-MMP in adenocarcinoma with metastasis and in late tumor stages were significantly higher than those in adenocarcinoma with no metastasis and in early tumor stages.Thus,PARG expression shows a positive correlation with the expression of MT1-MMP.The expressions of PARG and MT1-MMP in GLTN-treated lovo cells were weaker than that in GLTN-untreated lovo cells.Conclusion:The expression of PARG was probably related to the development of colorectal carcinoma.PARG may play an important role for the regulation of MT1-MMP expression in colorectal carcinoma.
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and P glycoprotein (Pgp) in human primary colorectal carcinoma and the relationship of ER and Pgp expressions with the biologic behaviors of the tumor. Sixty five patients undergoing colorectal cancer resection were enrolled. The case records and pathological reports were reviewed. Paraffin embedded tumor specimens from the 65 cases were examined. The expression of ER and Pgp were determined with immunohistological technique. The relationship between the expressions of ER and Pgp and clinical and pathological characteristics were evaluated. The investigations showed that the positive expression of ER and Pgp were detected in 75.4% and 73.8% of the tumor tissue respectively. The rates of positive expression of ER and Pgp were high in tumor tissues than in normal mucosa (P<0.05). ER expression in the tumor was independent of sex and age of the patients, size ,site and Duke′s stages of the tumors, so did the Pgp expression. The results show that ER and Pgp expression increased in the course of carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. However, there was no strong evidence indicating that the expression of ER of Pgp was related to the clinical presentations and pathological stages.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,the predictive role of YKL-40 for long-term survival in colorectal cancer patients has been gradually investigated.However,whether it is a reliable and valuable prognostic indicator for patients with colorectal carcinoma has not been verified.AIM To identify the prognostic value of serum/plasma concentration of YKL-40 or expression status of YKL-40 in tumor cells in colorectal carcinoma patients.METHODS Several electronic databases including the PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CNKI,VIP and WanFang were searched for relevant studies.The hazard ratios(HR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were combined and the primary and secondary outcomes were overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS),respectively.All statistical analysis were conducted by STATA 15.0 software.RESULTS A total of nine studies involving 2545 patients were included.The pooled results indicated that YKL-40 was significantly associated with poor OS(HR=1.80,95%CI:1.32-2.45,P<0.001)and PFS(HR=1.62,95%CI:1.22-2.16,P=0.001).Subgroup analysis stratified by the treatment,tumor type and source of YKL-40 showed similar results.CONCLUSION Elevated serum/plasma concentration of YKL-40 or positive expression in tumor cells was related with worse prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients.YKL-40 might serve as a novel and reliable indicator for the evaluation of prognosis in colorectal cancer.