The effect of high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing based on the healthcare simulation standards of best practice

Background:High-fidelity simulation has been demonstrated to make great progress in learning.However,there is still ongoing exploration on how to fully harness the advantages of this teaching method and enhance its effectiveness.This study conducted high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing based on the Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best Practice and evaluated its effect.Methods:The study was conducted from September 2019 to June 2020.A total of 82 undergraduate nursing students from a university in Shanghai participated in the high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing.The simulation design scale,educational practices in simulation scale,and students’satisfaction and self-confidence were used to evaluate the effect.Results:The mean score of simulation design scale was 4.06±0.63 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 3.0.The mean score of educational practices in simulation scale was 4.14±0.56 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 4.0.The mean scores of students’satisfaction and self-confidence were 4.07±0.72 and 3.89±0.58,respectively.Conclusion:Students reported high levels of simulation design and educational practices in simulation.They were also satisfied with learning and reported high levels of self-confidence.Some key points need to be considered so that the learning effects might be optimized.

Analysis of the Application and Effect of Homemade Medical Scrotal Support Shorts

Objective:To design and manufacture medical scrotal support shorts for patients with enlarged scrotum and observe its application and effect.Methods:40 patients with enlarged scrotum admitted to the basic surgery department from February 2021 to March 2023 were selected and divided into a test group and a control group according to their time of admission,with the test group using scrotal support shorts and the control group using ordinary shorts without scrotal support pockets or diapers.Results:The complication rate of skin injury in the scrotum and the surrounding inguinal area of the patients in the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).The medical cost covered by patients in the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01)and the hospitalization satisfaction of the patients in the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The difference in the therapeutic effect of the test groups was statistically significant when compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Homemade medical scrotal support shorts reduced the local enlargement of the scrotum and bleeding,but also protected the scrotum and the surrounding skin to prevent secondary injuries.The process of patient care was simple and promoted their recovery.The length of hospitalization was also decreased,the burden of health care costs was reduced,and the overall comfort and satisfaction of the patient was improved.

Nursing Effects of Medical Treatment Combination on Patients at High Risk of Developing Pressure Ulcers at Rural Homes

Objective:To explore the nursing effects of medical treatment combination on patients at high risk of developing pressure ulcers at rural homes.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2018,86 patients at high risk of developing pressure ulcers at rural homes who were in Wenjiang Hospital were randomly divided into a control group and an observed group.The control group received the routine publicity and education and visiting,while the observed group adopted the cooperative nursing model of medical treatment combination.Then compare the healing status and nursing satisfaction of the two groups.Results:Of the 43 patients with pressure ulcers in the observed group,18 had been in the second stage of pressure ulcers and 16 had been healed;14 had been in the third stage of pressure ulcers and 8 had been healed;11 had been in the fourth stage of pressure ulcers and 5 had been healed.The nursing satisfaction of the patients in the observed group was 95.35%.Conclusion:Conducting medical treatment combination on patients at high risk of developing pressure ulcers at rural homes can effectively improve the patients’and their families’awareness of pressure ulcer nursing,standardize their nursing behaviour,help recover the patients themselves and promote the patients’satisfaction.

Effects of cooperative nursing and patient education on postoperative infection and self-efficacy in gastrointestinal tumors

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal tumors have a high incidence rate.The application value of the cooperative nursing care system of medical care has received widespread attention in recent years.However,there are few studies on the value of the joint application of collaborative nursing care and self-efficacy education.AIM To explore the effect of cooperative nursing care management/self-efficacy education on postoperative infection and self-efficacy in gastrointestinal tumor surgery patients.METHODS A total of 102 patients with gastrointestinal tumors treated in our hospital from October 2018 to February 2020 were selected and divided into a conventional group(n=51)and a combined group(n=51)according to the nursing plan.The routine group adopted routine nursing,and the joint group adopted the medical care cooperative responsibility system nursing management combined with selfefficacy education.The self-efficacy scores,coping style scores,self-experience burden scores,and postoperative complication rates of the two groups before and after intervention were counted.RESULTS After intervention,the daily life behavior management,cognitive symptom management,and disease management scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,and those of the combined group were higher than those of the conventional group(all P=0.000).After the intervention,the positive response scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,the negative response scores were lower than those before the intervention,and the combined group was better than the conventional group(all P=0.000).After the intervention,the two groups’emotional,economic,and physical factor scores were lower than those before the intervention,and the combined group was lower than the conventional group(all P=0.000).The incidence of infection in the combined group(1.96%)was lower than that in the conventional group(15.69%)(P=0.036).CONCLUSION Cooperative nursing care management and self-efficacy education improved the physical and mental states of gastrointestinal cancer surgery patients,change the response to disease,and reduce the risk of postoperative infection.

Establishment and application of medication error classification standards in nursing care based on the International Classification of Patient Safety

Objective:To standardize the classification,reporting and analysis of medication errors in nursing in order to improve patient safety management by achieving real-time monitoring and systemic analysis.Methods:A system of classifying nurse-related adverse drug effects into four category grades was developed based on the framework provided by the International Classification of Patient Safety.Three investigators used the system to classify 1343 nursing-related drug adverse events reported between January 2006 and December 2010 at 15 tertiary medical institutions in Shanghai.Results:The classification standard incorporated all relevant information provided in the reporting system and revealed that the greatest frequency of drug adverse events resulted from staff-related factors.In particular,the largest number of events resulted from routine violations,followed by technology type errors of negligence and fault.Conclusion:Application of this classification system will help nursing administrators to accurately detect system-and process-related defects leading to medication errors,and enable the factors to be targeted to improve the level of patient safety management.

Application of Flipped Classroom Combined with PBL Teaching Method in the Teaching of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit Nursing

Objective:The aim is to investigate the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning(PBL)teaching method in the teaching of respiratory intensive care unit nursing.Methods:100 fresh nursing students who were interned in the respiratory intensive care unit of our hospital from June 2020 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into 50 students in the control group and 50 students in the experimental group.The students in the control group were taught by PBL teaching method,and the students in the experimental group were taught by flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method.After the completion of the teaching,the teachers combined the performance of the two groups of students,and scored them comprehensively in terms of their professional theoretical knowledge,clinical operation skills,independent learning ability,and teamwork ability,and carried out a survey of the experimental group’s students in terms of their satisfaction with the understanding of theoretical knowledge,clinical operation,independent learning ability,teamwork ability,and other dimensions.Results:There was no statistical significance in the specialized theoretical knowledge scores of the two groups of students(P>0.05).The scores of clinical operation,independent learning ability,and teamwork ability of the two groups of students were statistically significant(P<0.05),and all the scores of the students in the experimental group were higher than that of the control group.More than 90%of the students believed that the flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method could assist in the comprehension of theoretical knowledge,improve the clinical operation skills,enhance the ability of independent learning and teamwork;there were 92%of the students supported the use of flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching in respiratory intensive care unit nursing teaching.Conclusion:In the teaching of respiratory intensive care unit nursing,the use of flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method can improve the learning effect of students,and has certain value in teaching.

The thinking about Shanghai Development “medical pension combined” type of long-term care insurance system

The aging development in Shanghai shows speed, high degree of aging, the number of elderly people living alone increased and other trends, the contradiction between degree of aging and care become more prominent. However, the prevalence of current pension model has a pension without medical care, health care and pension separate and other issues, so the development of ＂medical support combined with pension＂ long-term care insurance system is imperative. Based on the study to explore parts of the country which operate basic pension model of＂medical pension combination＂, we analyze the necessity and feasibility of the implementation of Shanghai ＂medical support combined with pension ＂ long-term care insurance system, by summing up experiences and lessons, put forward some of the recommendations for the development in Shanghai ＂medical support combined with pension＂ type of long-term care system.

基于Anderson模型社区老年人医养结合服务的利用水平及影响因素研究

目的探究基于卫生服务利用的Anderson模型,了解社区居家老年人目前医养结合服务利用水平及影响因素,旨在推进优化服务体系建设。方法对上海市浦东新区某街道内长护险服务覆盖的居家养老老年人进行问卷调查并分析,调查内容包括倾向特征、促进资源和需要三个层面的影响因素和医养结合服务利用水平现状。结果调查共收到问卷2348份,有效问卷2302份,问卷有效回收率为98.04%。不同长护险评估等级的老年人中年龄段(年龄段占比)、文化程度、疾病数量、需要帮助程度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。27项生活护理服务中,利用率排名前六的项目依次为指/趾甲护理、手/足部清洁、沐浴、梳理/洗发、温水擦浴、头面部清洁;15项常用医疗护理服务方面,目前“未利用任意一项”的占比为61.86%。多元线性回归模型提示,倾向因素中的年龄对生活照护服务、整体医养结合服务利用均有正向影响(P<0.05),文化程度对生活照护服务、整体医养结合服务利用均有负面影响(P<0.05);促使因素中的医保类别、生活来源、照护费用对各服务利用均无影响(P>0.05);需要因素中的需要帮助程度、疾病数量、长护险等级对生活照护服务、医疗护理照护服务、整体医养结合服务利用均有正向影响(P<0.05)。结论长护险制度协调了居家养老的老年人的服务需求与服务供给,各项服务的利用水平仍有待进一步提升,服务模式有待优化。

基于Andersen模型的“医养结合“型机构养老需求的影响因素研究

目的了解老年人对“医养结合”型机构养老需求的现状及其影响因素,为构建多层级、持续性“医养结合”长期照护服务体系提供循证依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,抽取厦门市6个区,16个街道/镇,44个社区,3260名60周岁及以上老年人进行面对面问卷调查。基于Andersen理论模型,采用卡方检验分析人群分布差异,采用二元logistic回归分析方法从倾向性因素、使能因素、需要因素等方面分析老年人对“医养结合”型机构养老需求的影响因素。结果大多数老年人选择传统的居家养老(82.01%),仅有12.89%的老年人表示希望入住“医养结合”型养老机构。倾向性因素中,年龄越大、文化水平越高、居住在农村的老年人更倾向于选择医养结合养老模式,OR值均大于1(P<0.05);使能因素中,在婚、主要由配偶照护、经济状况越好的老年人倾向于医养结合式养老,OR值均大于1(P<0.01);需要因素中,老年人自理情况越差越倾向于入住“医养结合”型养老机构(P<0.01)。使能因素对模型的贡献度最大,对医养结合养老需求的影响最大。结论厦门市老年人对于“医养结合”机构养老模式的需求高于一般的机构养老需求。“医养结合”型机构养老需求受年龄、文化程度、居住地、收入、照护情况和自理能力等因素影响,其中使能因素影响最大。

基于Andersen行为模型的机构内老年人医养结合模式选择及其影响因素研究

目的了解老年人对医养结合机构服务模式选择意愿及其影响因素,为构建全方位、多层级、不同类型"医养结合"机构服务体系提供科学参考。方法基于Andersen行为模型,通过焦点访谈和问卷调查,采用多阶段分层抽样方法于2017年6月-2018年8月对青岛市7个区43家医养结合机构2040位入住老年人进行问卷调查,构建多分类logistic回归模型,分析机构老年人医养结合模式选择的影响因素。结果机构老年人当中选择养中有医模式最多(42.32%),医养并重的次之(37.55%),医中有养的最少(20.14%)。与医养并重模式相比,中低教育程度、健康状况好、半自理、无任何疾病、睡眠时间较短的老年人更愿意选择养中有医机构模式(P<0.05);教育程度低、与子女在同一市居住、无任何疾病、睡眠时间较短的老年人更愿意选择医中有养机构模式(P<0.05)。从Andersen模型各维度来看对医养结合机构模式选择影响最大的是促成性因素,其次分别是需求性因素、倾向性因素和健康行为因素。结论青岛市机构老年人医养结合模式选择以养中有医机构模式最多,机构老年人医养结合模式选择受社会人口学特征、居住安排、健康状况和日常生活状况等因素的影响,其中促成性因素影响最大。

基于Andersen行为模型的社区老年人医养结合养老需求分析

背景我国医养结合发展中屡遇瓶颈,仍有诸多问题亟待解决。而老年人多阶段、多层次、多元化的医养结合养老需求是影响机构发展及其服务实现的"源头性"问题,精准把握并分析其需求现状,是健康合理发展医养结合、改善供需错位状况、实现资源优化配置的有力保障。目的调查泸州市社区老年人对医养结合的认知及需求情况,并分析其影响因素,为发展医养结合养老模式提供依据。方法 2018年2—5月采用便利抽样法选取泸州市符合纳入标准的社区老年人650例,采用一般资料调查表、医养结合相关情况调查表、衰弱综合评估量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查;以Andersen行为模型为基础,将调查内容中关于社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素分别纳入倾向性因素、使能因素和需求性因素,构建3个Logistic回归模型进行分析,采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验模型预测概率及拟合优度,采用二元Logistic回归分析社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素。结果共发放问卷650份,回收有效问卷627份,有效回收率为96.5%。627例老年人中,340例(54.2%)对医养结合有所了解,416例(66.3%)表示有医养结合养老需求。模型Ⅱ和模型Ⅲ的-2对数似然值(-2LL)均小于模型Ⅰ,Cox&Snell R^2、Nagelkerke R^2均大于模型Ⅰ;模型Ⅲ的-2LL小于模型Ⅱ,Cox&Snell R^2、Nagelkerke R^2均大于模型Ⅱ,表明模型Ⅲ对样本的拟合程度最好。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄[OR=1.692,95%CI(1.118,2.560)]、子女数[OR=0.571,95%CI(0.407,0.800)]、就医方便度[OR=2.931,95%CI(2.117,4.058)]、社会支持度[OR=0.455,95%CI(0.326,0.635)]、慢性病患病情况[OR=1.999,95%CI(1.343,2.975)]、医养结合认知水平[OR=1.719,95%CI(1.222,2.418)]、衰弱程度[OR=2.495,95%CI(1.666,3.736)]、抑郁程度[OR=1.914,95%CI(1.296,2.827)]是社区老年人医养结合养老需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论泸州市社区老年人医养结合知晓、需求水平较高,医养结合养老需求受多种因素的影响,建议政府、企业及后续研究者在今后的调查研究过程中对不同影响因素加以分类分析。医养结合养老服务仍需先行试点,逐步开展。

基于政策工具的河南省医养结合政策文本分析

目的:选取2016~2023年河南省医养结合政策文本为研究对象,研究分析政策文本内容的特征及不足,提出合理化建议,为完善河南省医养结合政策体系提供参考。方法:以政策工具为视角,结合参与主体维度构建二维分析框架,采用内容分析法对27个政策文本进行分析,得到有效编码172条。结果:政策工具结构不平衡,供给型政策工具占29%,需求型政策工具占8%,环境型政策工具占63%;参与主体分布不均衡,政府参与占61%,养老机构参与占8%,医疗卫生机构参与占16%,社会组织参与占12%,健康产业参与占3%。结论:河南省医养结合政策内容丰富、层次鲜明、目标清晰,但政策工具结构不平衡、参与主体分布不均衡,要优化政策工具间结构、协调各参与主体在政策工具中分布、加强各参与主体在各个政策工具中的交互协作,促进河南省医养结合政策发展。

北京市老年人医养结合的难点与对策:机构的视角

中国老年群体在全国人口中的比例越来越大,如何通过医养结合真正做到老有所养、病有所医,是当前亟须解决的重要难题。以北京市为例,分析了北京市医养结合的发展形势,通过对北京三种主要的医养结合模式进行实地调研,从组织机构的视角总结不同模式面临的困难和挑战,建议进一步统筹协调京津冀医养结合政策,加快长期照护险落地,加强养老人才队伍的专业化建设,强化对养老机构的标准化建设和监管,大力发展科技养老、智慧养老。

党建引领视角下医疗卫生人才培养的实践研究

加强党建工作建设,充分发挥党组织领导核心的作用,为医疗卫生教育机构深化医疗人才培养提供坚强保障。在党建引领背景下对医疗卫生人才培养进行探索和研究,构建全员、全方位、全过程育人体系,聚焦党建引领,建强育人队伍,凸显全员育人合力,培养兼具扎实专业理论和综合素质能力的复合型人才成为重要的育人目标。推动党建引领实践育人工作,即有利于强化党对医疗卫生教育机构的领导,还有利于创新党建引领、医疗卫生教育机构主导和社会力量参与的实践育人模式。文章从党建引领,在医疗人才培养的实践探索、实践策略等方面,探索党建引领实践育人策略,以为相关工作提供一定的借鉴和参考依据。

医养服务机构质量评价指标体系的构建与初步应用

目的以“结构-过程-结果”理论为框架,构建医养服务机构质量评价指标体系并初步应用。方法基于文献研究、小组讨论、德尔菲法及层次分析法,确定评价指标体系和各指标权重。应用该指标体系在长沙市3家医养服务机构进行现场评价。结果共进行2轮函询,专家权威系数分别为0.915和0.927,协调系数分别为0.211和0.164,最终确定一级指标3个,二级指标13个,三级指标53个。评价指标体系的Cronbach'sα系数为0.786,平均内容效度指数为0.862。在3家医养服务机构进行的预调查效果较好。结论医养服务机构质量评价指标体系信度、效度较好。构建的指标科学、合理、实用性强,能有效评价医养服务机构质量并发现问题。

医养结合护理模式在老年患者髋关节置换术后的应用效果

目的探讨以医养结合为主体的中医护理模式在老年髋关节置换术后患者中的应用效果。方法便利抽取2021年4月至2022年4月在佛山市中医院关节外科行髋关节置换术的63例患者作为对照组,2022年5月至2023年5月的64例行髋关节置换术的患者作为观察组。对照组在术后采用常规的康复护理训练方案,观察组在对照组基础上,采用医养结合为主体的中医康复护理方案,干预1、3个月后评估两组的髋关节功能、恐动症、日常活动能力评分。结果干预1、3个月后,观察组的髋关节功能评分、恐动症评分、日常活动能力评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于医养结合的中医护理模式有助于提高老年髋关节置换术后患者髋关节功能和降低恐动症水平,并提升患者的日常生活能力,值得临床推广。

医联体背景下护理专科联盟的建设与思考

目的在医联体背景下建立护理专科联盟,探讨护理专科联盟建设的成效。方法2022年11月1日通过问卷星以南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院为护理专科联盟理事长单位的14个护理联盟发放调查问卷。比较实施前后各护理专科联盟单位护理专科联盟实施成效及护理专科联盟护理质量督查情况。结果实施后,护理专科联盟单位的护理管理能力、护士理论考核、护士操作考核、实境考核、护理人员职业认同感、患者满意度评分均高于实施前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实施后,护理专科联盟分级护理质量、急救药品物品质量、消毒隔离质量评分均高于实施前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成立护理专科联盟是优质护理资源下沉的新思路,有利于提升护理专科联盟的护理管理水平,护士的核心能力,提高基层护理服务质量,提升基层患者就医的获得感。

基于大学生生命教育理念的教学模式在本科危重症护理教学中的应用

目的:探讨基于大学生生命教育理念的教学模式在本科危重症护理教学中的应用效果。方法:采用整群抽样法,选取2022年9月学习危重症护理课程的护理本科1班学生63人为观察组,采用基于大学生生命教育理念的教学模式;护理本科2班学生64人为常规组,采用传统教学模式;比较2组课程考核成绩、批判思维能力评分、临床决策能力评分、核心急救能力评分以及对教学效果的满意度。结果:观察组基础理论考核成绩、综合操作技能考核成绩、批判性思维能力评分、临床决策能力评分、核心急救能力各维度得分以及对教学效果的满意度评分均高于常规组(P<0.01)。结论:在本科危重症护理教学中实施基于大学生生命教育理念的教学模式可促进学生掌握课程知识,培养批判思维能力与临床决策能力,提升核心急救能力,提高学生对教学的满意度。

社会工作介入医养结合养老照护服务的优化路径研究

从社会工作的视角分析医养结合养老照护服务问题是回应健康中国规划和人口老龄化现状的重要内容。通过分析医养结合和照护轨迹的内涵,审视当前社会存在的医养结合的养老照护服务中的困境,发现当代社会的医养结合照护服务的制度和政策存在发展功能性障碍,医养结合养老照护服务体系缺乏整合机制,人才队伍建设跨学科合作存在区隔界限,社会支持网络结构功能失调。为此,经过前期的理论和实践探索,建议以社会工作方法嵌入的方式构建医养结合养老照护服务的政策保障,发挥协调整合的社会工作专业角色建构多元化的整合机制,从跨专业合作的角度探索医养结合养老照护服务的人才建设模式,通过“医务社工+志愿者”的联动机制实现医养结合养老照护服务的社会支持网络平衡。从而最终实现医养结合模式的养老照护服务优化路径的系统性重构和整体性重塑的长效跃升发展。

重症监护病房医护沟通现状及需求匹配策略研究

目的:采用混合性研究方法,调查ICU医护沟通实践现状并分析需求匹配策略,为促进医护沟通实践提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,对15所医院的435名ICU医护人员医护沟通现状进行问卷调查;采用目的抽样法对5所医院ICU的6名医生及11名护士,进行半结构式访谈。结果:医护沟通评价总分为(73.46±11.38)分;有序Logistic回归分析结果显示,沟通的开放性、沟通的准确性、理解能力、沟通培训经历是医护沟通满意度的影响因素。访谈结果显示医护沟通需求匹配策略主题包括3个:能力需求匹配策略(加强技能培训、强化认知);机会需求匹配策略(建设组织文化、营造沟通环境);内部动机匹配策略(激发职业获得感)。结论:ICU医护沟通实践存在提升空间。管理者可从能力、机会及动机三方面入手,通过加强医护沟通能力及专业培训,优化组织文化及沟通环境,提升医护人员职业获得感和专业价值感,促进ICU医护沟通实践。