A COMBINED MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR UV/V IN SITU SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL STUDY

A microcomputer-based UV/V in situ spectroelectrochemical measurement system has been developed.This paper presents a description of the experimental details regarding the methods and equipment.

A Highly Sensitive Femtosecond Time-Resolved Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy System with Simultaneous Measurement of Multiple Polarization Combinations

Characterization of real-time and ultrafast motions of the complex molecules at surface and interface is critical to understand how interracial molecules function. It requires to develop surface-sensitive, fast-identification, and time-resolved techniques. In this study, we employ several key technical procedures and successfully develop a highly sensitive femtosecond time-resolved sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy （SFG-VS） system. This system is able to measure the spectra with two polarization combinations （ssp and ppp, or psp and ssp） simultaneously. It takes less than several seconds to collect one spectrum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the fastest speed of collecting SFG spectra reported by now. Using the time-resolved measurement, ultrafast vibrational dynamics of the N-H mode of α-helical peptide at water interface is determined. It is found that the membrane environment does not affect the N-H vibrational relaxation dynamics. It is expected that the time-resolved SFG system will play a vital role in the deep understanding of the dynamics and interaction of the complex molecules at surface and interface. Our method may also provide an important technical proposal for the people who plan to develop time-resolved SFG systems with simultaneous measurement of multiple polarization combinations.

Combined measurement of thyroid and plasma homocysteic acid for detecting the severity of vascular dementia

BACKGROUND: Recent researches demonstrate that onset of cerebral infarction always accompanies with obvious changes of function of thyroid axis; while, high-homocysteic acidemia has been proved as one of risk factors of vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease. Meanwhile, it is found that level of plasma homocysteic acid is positive correlation with injured degrees of cognitive function and brain damage. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of function of thyroid and level of homocysteic acid among patients with vascular dementia and compare with those patients without dementia cerebral infarction. DESIGN: Randomized grouping and contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yunyang Medical College, South China Hospital of Wuhan University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 38 patients with vascular dementia were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yunyang Medical College from February 2004 to December 2005. All patients met the diagnostic criteria of the Fourth Edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) established by American Psychiatric Association. Based on educational degrees, Mini-mental Status Examination (MMSE) was classified into illiteracy (≤ 17 points), education of primary school (educational duration ≤ 6 years, ≤ 24 points) and education of middle school or above (educational duration > 6 years, ≤ 24 points). Forty patients with non-dementia cerebral infarction were regarded as the control group and checked with CT examination. There were no significant differences of sex and age between the two groups. All patients and relatives were provided the consent. METHODS: Within 24 hours after hospitalization, patients with vascular dementia received MMSE scores, and the degrees were classified based on the scoring results: mild (20-24 points), moderate (10-19 points) and severe (below 10 points). Levels of thyroxine were measured with radioimmunodetection and content of homocysteic acid was measured with high performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC) electrochemical detection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Levels of homocysteic acid and thyroxine among patients with vascular dementia and non-dementia cerebral infarction. RESULTS: A total of 38 patients with vascular dementia and 40 patients with non-dementia cerebral infarction were involved in the final analysis. ① Levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and free T3 (FT3) were (0.9±0.4) μg/L, (92.9±26.4) μg/L and (3.9±1.8) pmol/L in vascular dementia group respectively, which were higher than those in control group [(1.3±0.3) μg/L, (110.2±28.7) μg/L, (7.2±2.1) pmol/L, t =2.766 6-7.433 6, P < 0.01]; while, level of homocysteic acid was (29.57±7.12) μmol/L in vascular dementia group, which was higher than that in control group [(24.53±4.98) μmol/L, t =3.637 7, P < 0.01]. There were no significant differences of free T4 (FT4) and thyrotropic-stimulating hormone (TSH) between the two groups (P > 0.05). ② Levels of FT3 of patients with mild, moderate and severe vascular dementia were (1.0±0.2), (0.9±0.1) and (0.8±0.1) μg/L, respectively; levels of homocysteic acid were (26.52±4.84), (29.59±5.56) and (32.71±6.17) μmol/L, respectively. There were significant differences among patients at the three degrees of vascular dementia (F =3.59-32.4, P < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences of T4, FT4 and TSH among the three kinds of patients (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Levels of thyroxine of patients with vascular dementia decrease; however, levels of homocysteic acid increase. Therefore, the results can indirectly reflect severities of vascular dementia.

Combining Cubic Spline Interpolation and Fast Fourier Transform to Extend Measuring Range of Reflectometry

The reflectometry is a common method used to measure the thickness of thin films. Using a conventional method,its measurable range is limited due to the low resolution of the current spectrometer embedded in the reflectometer.We present a simple method, using cubic spline interpolation to resample the spectrum with a high resolution,to extend the measurable transparent film thickness. A large measuring range up to 385 m in optical thickness is achieved with the commonly used system. The numerical calculation and experimental results demonstrate that using the FFT method combined with cubic spline interpolation resampling in reflectrometry, a simple,easy-to-operate, economic measuring system can be achieved with high measuring accuracy and replicability.

Study on The Method of Quantitative Analysis of Serum Ferritin and Soluble Transferrin Receptor with Protein Microarray Technology

Objective To establish and evaluate a protein serum ferritin （SF） and soluble transferrin receptor microarray method for combined measurement of （sTfR）. Methods Microarrayer was used to print both anti-SF antibodies I and anti-sTfR antibodies I on each protein microarray. Anti-SF antibodies II and anti-sTfR antibodies II were used as detection antibodies and goat antibodies coupled to Cy3 were used as antibodies Ill. The detection conditions of the quantitative analysis method for simultaneous measurement of SF and sTfR with protein microarray were optimized and evaluated. The protein microarray was compared with commercially available traditional tests with 26 serum samples. Results By comparison experiment, mouse monoclonal antibodies were chosen as the probes and contact printing was chosen as the printing method. The concentrations of SF and sTfR probes were 0.5 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL respectively, while those of SF and sTfR detection antibodies were 5 μg/mL and 0.36 μg/mL respectively. Intra- and inter-assay variability was between 3.26% and 18.38% for all tests. The regression coefficients comparing protein microarray with traditional test assays were better than 0.81 for SF and sTfR. Conclusion The present study has established a protein microarray method for combined measurement of SF and sTfR.

Design of High Precision Horizontal Control Network for Large-Scale Hydropower Project

A new solution of combination network of GPS and high precise distance measurements with EDM is proposed. Meanwhile, it’s inadvisable only using GPS network without distance measurements. Three schemes: terrestrial network, GPS network and combination network are discussed for horizontal control network design of Xiangjiaba Dam in view of precision, reliability, coordinate and outlay in detail.

An error analysis and optimization method for combined measurement with binocular vision

The accurate measurement of surfaces of large aviation components is vital for the assessment of manufacturing and assembly quality of such components.To satisfy the measurement requirement of large-size components,most current researches pay more attention to combined measurement methods utilizing different measuring instruments,but the related researches on error analysis and optimization methods are not taken enough attention.This paper proposes a combined laser-assisted measurement method with feature enhancement techniques,and it also develops an error propagation model of the main factors affecting the overall measurement error in detail.Firstly,the surface of a large-size component is measured by the measurement system at multiple stations.Secondly,a control point coordinate system is established as a bridge to unify all local measurement data into the global coordinate system.To improve the overall measurement accuracy,the pixel extraction error as a key factor causing the overall measurement error is analyzed in detail.Next,the error propagation model is established,and some optimization strategies of layout for minimizing measurement error and transformation error are researched.Finally,experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The results show that the measurement error of the proposed method reaches 0.073%and 0.14%with a 1 D standard ruler and a flat plate,respectively.

Combined measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, Hubei, China: A narrative review

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an emerging disease caused by the coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2,which leads to severe respiratory infections in humans.COVID-19 was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan city,a populated area of the Hubei province in China.As of now,Wuhan and other cities nearby have become safe places for locals.The rapid control of the spread of COVID-19 infection was made possible due to several interventions and measures that were undertaken in Wuhan.This narrative review study was designed to evaluate the emerging literature on the combined measures taken to control the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan city.Science Direct,Springer,Web of Science,and the PubMed data repositories were searched for studies published between December 1,2019,and June 07,2020.The referred“preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses”(PRISMA)protocol was used to conduct this narrative review.A total of 330 research studies were found as a result of the initial search based on exclusion and inclusion criteria,and 30 articles were chosen on final evaluation.It was discovered that the combined measures to control the spread of COVID-19 in Wuhan included cordon sanitaire,social distancing,universal symptom surveys,quarantine strategies,and transport restrictions.Based on the recommendations presented in this review study,existing policies with regard to combined measures and public health policies can be enforced by other countries to implement a rapid control procedure to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Improved binary similarity measures for software modularization

Various binary similarity measures have been employed in clustering approaches to make homogeneous groups of similar entities in the data. These similarity measures are mostly based only on the presence or absence of features. Binary similarity measures have also been explored with different clustering approaches （e.g., agglomera- tive hierarchical clustering） for software modularization to make software systems understandable and manageable. Each similarity measure has its own strengths and weaknesses which improve and deteriorate the clustering results, respectively. We highlight the strengths of some well-known existing binary similarity measures for software mod- ularization. Furthermore, based on these existing similarity measures, we introduce several improved new binary similarity measures. Proofs of the correctness with illustration and a series of experiments are presented to evaluate the effectiveness of our new binary similarity measures.

The Design of Behavior Management Institution Based on Special Symbols and Measure Optimizing-Taking the Design of the Institution of Controlling the Pollution Behavior of Enterprises as an Example

Taking the institution design of controlling the pollution behavior of enterprises as an example, the symbol system specialized for the design and analysis of behavior management institution is put forward, which predigests the institution design greatly and make the process of institution design much like the engineering design. The measure combination method for improving the parameters of the institution, the arithmetic for calculating the validity of the institution and the arithmetic for calculating the behavior probability of the irrational managed are also put forward, which make the design and analysis technology of behavior management institution more practical.