Some Aspects of the Characteristics of Monsoon Disturbances Using a Combined Barotropic－Baroclinic Model

A standing Rossby wave of wavelength 30°longitude with a finite amplitude along the meridional direction is superimposed on the zonal mean component of the monsoon flow and the stability of such a flow is examined by a quasi-geostrophic barotropic.as well as by a quasi-geostrophic combined barotropic and baroclinic model on a beta plane centered at 18°N latitude. It is found that the growth of synoptic scale disturbance increases with the amplitude of the meridional wind. The barotropic stability analysis at 700 hPa pressure level shows that there is a critical value (Umaz=11 m/s) of the maximum mean zonal wind below which the computed disturbance moves to the west due to the wave-wave superposition. For maximum mean zonal wind greater that 11m /s, the westerly wind dominates and the disturbance moves to the east. In another analysis the stability of the zonally asymmetric basic now is studied with a combined barotropic-barotropic model where cumulus heating is included. The growth rate, intensity, horizontal scale and the westward velocity of computed disturbances reasonably agree with those of observed monsoon disturbances. The fastest growing mode has a horizontal wavelength of 2000 kms and the e-folding time is about 3 days,when the meridional amplitude of the Rossby wave is 4m/ s at 700 hPa pressure level. When cumulus heating is included in the analysis the intensity of geopotential perturbation at 700 hPa disturbance is -304 m2 / s2. Energy calculations show that the kinetic energy of the mean zonal flow is the main source of energy for the perturbation to grow.It is also t'ound that the contribution of the kinetic energy of the basic Rossby wave to the growth of perturbation is more in comparison to the available potential energy.

Spatiotemporal evolution rule of rocks fracture surrounding gob-side roadway with model experiments

A series of plane-strain physical model experiments are carried out to study the spatiotemporal evolution rule of rocks fracture surrounding gob-side roadway, which is subjected to the pressure induced by the mining process. The digital photogrammetry technology and large deformation analysis method are applied to measure the deformation and fracture of surrounding rocks. The experimental results indicate that the deformation and fracture of coal pillars are the cause to the instability and failure of the surrounding rocks. The spatiotemporal evolution rule of the rock deformation and fracture surrounding gob-side roadway is obtained. The coal pillar and the roof near coal pillar should be strengthened in support design. The engineering application results also can provide a useful guide that the combined support with wire meshes, beam, anchor bolt and cable is an effective method.

Effect of Removing Toxic Substances Combined with Activating Blood Circulation on Stabilizing the Atherosclerotic Plaque and Unstable Angina

The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally acknowledged. In recent years, to further improve the therapeutic effects of those Chinese herbs on such diseases, we have carried out a series of studies of CM medications with the function of clearing heat and removing toxic substances combined with activating blood circulation to remove stasis.