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Characteristics of PM_(2.5) and Its Reactive Oxygen Species in Heating Energy Transition and Estimation of Its Impact on the Environment and Health in China——A Case Study in the Fenwei Plain
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作者 Zexuan WANG Hongmei XU +10 位作者 Rong FENG Yunxuan GU Jian SUN Suixin LIU Ningning ZHANG Dan LI Tao WANG Linli QU Steven Sai Hang HO Zhenxing SHEN Junji CAO 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第7期1175-1186,共12页
To reduce the adverse effects of traditional domestic solid fuel,the central government began implementing a clean heating policy in northern China in 2017.Clean coal is an alternative low-cost fuel for rural househol... To reduce the adverse effects of traditional domestic solid fuel,the central government began implementing a clean heating policy in northern China in 2017.Clean coal is an alternative low-cost fuel for rural households at the present stage.In this study,18 households that used lump coal,biomass,and clean coal as the main fuel were selected to evaluate the benefits of clean heating transformation in Tongchuan,an energy city in the Fenwei Plain,China.Both indoor and personal exposure(PE)samples of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))were synchronically collected.Compared with the lump coal and biomass groups,the indoor PM_(2.5)concentration in the clean coal group is 43.6%and 20.0%lower,respectively,while the values are 16.8%and 21.3%lower,respectively,in the personal exposure samples.PM_(2.5)-bound elements Cd,Ni,Zn,and Mn strongly correlated with reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in all fuel groups,indicating that transition metals are the principal components to generate oxidative stress.Using a reliable estimation method,it is predicted that after the substitution of clean coal as a household fuel,the all-cause,cardiovascular,and respiratory disease that causes female deaths per year could be reduced by 16,6,and 3,respectively,in the lump coal group,and 22,8,and 3,respectively,in the biomass group.Even though the promotion of clean coal has led to impressive environmental and health benefits,the efficiencies are still limited.More environmental-friendly energy sources must be promoted in the rural regions of China. 展开更多
关键词 clean energy transition solid fuel combustion PM_(2.5) ROS Fenwei Plain
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Determination of Pressure Profile During Closed-Vessel Test Through CFD Simulation 被引量:3
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作者 Ahmed Bougamra Huilin Lu 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2016年第1期10-16,共7页
Two-phase flow modeling of solid propellants has great potential for simulating and predicting the ballistic parameters in closed vessel tests as well as in guns. This paper presents a numerical model describing the c... Two-phase flow modeling of solid propellants has great potential for simulating and predicting the ballistic parameters in closed vessel tests as well as in guns. This paper presents a numerical model describing the combustion of a solid propellant in a closed chamber and takes into account what happens in such twophase,unsteady,reactive-flow systems. The governing equations are derived in the form of coupled,non-linear axisymmetric partial differential equations. The governing equations with customized parameters are implemented into Ansys Fluent 14. 5. The presented solutions predict the pressure profile inside the closed chamber. The results show that the present code adequately predicts the pressure-time history. The numerical results are in agreement with the experimental results. Some discussions are given regarding the effect of the grain shape and the sensitivity of these predictions to the initial pressure of the solid propellant bed. The study demonstrates the capability of using the present model implemented into Fluent,to simulate the combustion of solid propellants in a closed vessel and,eventually,the interior ballistic process in guns. 展开更多
关键词 CFD Closed-vessel two-phase flow solid propellant combustion interior ballistics
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Chemical looping combustion: A new low-dioxin energy conversion technology 被引量:6
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作者 Xiuning Hua Wei Wang 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第6期135-145,共11页
Dioxin production is a worldwide concern because of its persistence and carcinogenic,teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. The pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion process of disposing solid waste is an alternative to ... Dioxin production is a worldwide concern because of its persistence and carcinogenic,teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. The pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion process of disposing solid waste is an alternative to traditional solid waste incineration developed to reduce the dioxin production. Based on the equilibrium composition of the Deacon reaction,pyrolysis gas oxidized by seven common oxygen carriers, namely, Cu O, Ni O, Ca SO4, Co O,Fe2O3, Mn3O4, and Fe Ti O3, is studied and compared with the pyrolysis gas directly combusted by air. The result shows that the activity of the Deacon reaction for oxygen carriers is lower than that for air. For four typical oxygen carriers(Cu O, Ni O, Fe2O3, and Fe Ti O3), the influences of temperature, pressure, gas composition, and tar on the Deacon reaction are discussed in detail. According to these simulation results, the dioxin production in China, Europe, the United States, and Japan is predicted for solid waste disposal by the pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion process. Thermodynamic analysis results in this paper show that chemical looping combustion can reduce dioxin production in the disposal of solid waste. 展开更多
关键词 Chemical looping combustion solid waste Pyrolysis Dioxin Deacon reaction Oxygen carrier
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Preparation,characterization and combustion properties of Zr/ZrH_2 particles coated with α-FeOOH crystal grains 被引量:1
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作者 Baoliang Lv Yao Xu +2 位作者 Bo HOU Dong Wu Yuhan Sun 《Particuology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第3期169-174,共6页
Zr/ZrH2 particles with irregular morphologies and broad size distribution were uniformly coated with acicular α-FeOOH crystal grains via a facile route without using polymers or surfactants. The as-synthesized materi... Zr/ZrH2 particles with irregular morphologies and broad size distribution were uniformly coated with acicular α-FeOOH crystal grains via a facile route without using polymers or surfactants. The as-synthesized material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), UV-vis diffusion reflection (UV-vis) and Raman spectrometry. Based on these characterizations, the synthesis mechanism was explained in terms of combined heterogeneous nucleation and solid state transformation reaction. The presence of α-FeOOH coating greatly changed the combustion behavior of Zr/ZrH2 particles: the combustion lasting time decreased from 32 s for un-coated Zr/ZrH2 particles to 0.2 s for coated particles while the maximum temperature in the combustion process increased from 1510 ℃ to 2036℃. 展开更多
关键词 Composite materials Coating Zr/ZrH2 α-FeOOH solid state transformation Combustion
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