DYNAMICS MODEL AND SIMULATION OF FLAT VALVE SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION WATER PUMP

The dynamics differential equations are constructed, and the initial conditions are also given. Simulation shows the following conclusions： The water pressure in cylinder has great instantaneous pulsation and phase step when outlet valve or inlet valve opens, but is more gently in other time; The volume efficiency is influenced by the output pressure slightly, and decreases as the working rotational speed increases; When the inherent frequency of the valves is integer multiple of the working frequency, the volume efficiency of system will decrease evidently.

Large-eddy structures of turbulent swirling flows and methane-air swirling diffusion combustion

Turbulent swirling flows and methane-air swirling diffusion combustion are studied by large-eddy simulation （LES） using a Smagorinsky-Lilly subgrid scale turbulence model and a second-order moment （SOM） SGS combustion model, and also by RANS modeling using the Reynolds Stress equation model with the IPCM＋wall and IPCM pressure-strain models and SOM combustion model. The LES statistical results for swirling flows give good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the adopted subgrid-scale turbulence model is suitable for swirling flows. The LES instantaneous results show the complex vortex shedding pattern in swirling flows. The initially formed large vortex structures soon break up in swirling flows. The LES statistical results of combustion modeling are near the experimental results and are as good as the RANS-SOM modeling results. The LES results show that the size and range of large vortex structures in swirling combustion are different from those of isothermal swirling flows, and the chemical reaction is intensified by the large-eddy vortex structures.

Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of Combustion Wave in SHS Process

The characteristic of combustion wave and its change were analyzed by numerical value calculation and computer simulation, based on the combustion dynamical model of SHS process. It is shown that with the change of condition parameters in SHS process various time-space order combustion waves appear. It is concluded from non-liner dynamical mechanism analysis that the strong coupling of two non-linear dynamical processes is the dynamical mechanism causing the time-space order dissipation structures.

Construction of a macromolecular structural model of Chinese lignite and analysis of its low-temperature oxidation behavior

The aim of this paper is to analyze the change in the active structure of lignite during the process of lowtemperature oxidation by constructing a molecular structure model for lignite. Using quantum computation combined with experimental results of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), a structural model for the large molecular structure was constructed. By analyzing the bond lengths in the model molecule, the evolution law for the active structure of lignite was predicted for the process of low-temperature oxidation. In low-temperature oxidation,alkanes and hydroxyls are the primary active structures observed in lignite, though ether may also react. These active functional groups react with oxygen to release heat, thereby speeding up the reaction between coal and oxygen. Finally, the content of various functional groups in the process of lignite low-temperature oxidation was analyzed by infrared analysis, and the accuracy of the model was verified.

Performance evaluation on field synergy and composite regeneration by coupling cerium-based additive and microwave for a diesel particulate filter

In order to reveal the mechanics of composite regeneration by coupling cerium-based additive and microwave for a diesel particulate filter, a composite regeneration model by coupling cerium-based additive and microwave for a diesel particulate filter was established based on field synergy theory. Performance evaluation on field synergy and composite regeneration of the diesel particulate filter was conducted by using the vortex crushing combustion and field synergy mathematical models. The results show that the peak temperature of the particulate filter body reaches 1180-1190 K when the regeneration time is 175 s, and there are optimal coordination degree between the velocity vector and temperature gradient of the filter body and the maximum ratio0.56-0.60 of the best burning regeneration region is obtained. Accordingly, the largest regeneration combustion rate inside the particulate filter body and the highest regeneration efficiency at the moment are achieved.

The Effect of Different Reaction Mechanisms on Combustion Simulation of a Reverse-Flow Combustor

Three different reaction mechanisms of kerosene and flamelet models were used to simulate combustion in a reverse-flow combustor.By comparing the effects of different mechanisms on the flow field characteristics,components and temperature distribution of the combustion chamber,the results showed that:Under different reaction mechanisms,there was a strong similarity between flow filed and temperature field,but the penetration depth and temperature distribution of local jets were affected by the mechanism.Due to the different reaction paths and reaction rates,the distribution of major components had a great degree of similarity,but the concentration of intermediate components varied greatly.Comprehensive analysis,the 16 species and 17 species reaction mechanisms can simulate the flow field and outlet temperature distribution of the combustor well.

Combustion mechanism development and CFD simulation for the prediction of soot emission during flaring

Industrial Flares are important safety devices to bum off the unwanted gas during process startup, shutdown, or upset. However, flaring, especially the associated smoke, is a symbol of emissions from refineries, oil gas fields, and chemical processing plants. How to simultaneously achieve high combustion efficiency （CE） and low soot emission is an important issue. Soot emissions are influenced by many factors. Flare operators tend to over-steam or over-air to suppress smoke, which results in low CE. How to achieve optimal flare performance remains a question to the industry and the regulatory agencies. In this paper, regulations in the US regarding flaring were reviewed. In order to determine the optimal operating window for the flare, different combus- tion mechanisms related to soot emissions were summar- ized. A new combustion mechanism （Vsoot） for predicting soot emissions was developed and validated against experimental data. Computational fluid dynamic （CFD） models combined with Vsoot combustion mechanism were developed to simulate the flaring events. It was observed that simulation results agree well with experimental data.

Investigation on Combustion Characteristics and NO Formation of Methane with Swirling and Non-Swirling High Temperature Air

Combustion characteristics of methane jet flames in an industrial burner working in high temperature combustion regime were investigated experimentally and numerically to clarify the effects of swirling high temperature air on combustion.Speziale-Sarkar-Gatski(SSG) Reynolds stress model,Eddy-Dissipation Model(EDM),Discrete Ordinates Method(DTM) combined with Weighted-Sum-of-Grey Gases Model(WSGG) were employed for the numerical simulation.Both Thermal-NO and Prompt-NO mechanism were considered to evaluate the NO formation.Temperature distribution,NO emissions by experiment and computation in swirling and non-swirling patterns show combustion characteristics of methane jet flames are totally different.Non-swirling high temperature air made high NO formation while significant NO prohibition were achieved by swirling high temperature air.Furthermore,velocity fields,dimensionless major species mole fraction distributions and Thermal-NO molar reaction rate profiles by computation interpret an inner exhaust gas recirculation formed in the combustion zone in swirling case.

Effect of methane-hydrogen mixtures on flow and combustion of coherent jets

Coherent jets are widely used in electric are furnace （EAF） steelmaking to increase the oxygen utilization and chemical reaction rates. However, the influence of fuel gas combustion on jet behavior is not fully understood yet. The flow and combustion characteristics of a coherent jet were thus investigated at steelmaking temperature using Fluent software, and a detailed chemical kinetic reaction mecha- nism was used in the combustion reaction model. The axial velocity and total temperature of the supersonic jet were measured via hot state experiments. The simulation results were compared with the experimental data and the empirical jet model proposed by Ito and Muchi and good consistency was obtained. The research results indicated that the potential core length of the coherent jet can be prolonged by optimizing the combustion effect of the fuel gas. Besides, the behavior of the supersonic jet in the subsonic section was also investigated, as it is an important factor for controlling the position of the oxygen lance. The investigation indicated that the attenuation of the coherent jet is more notable than that of the conventional jet in the subsonic section.