Based on the daily meteorological data of Bengbu City during 1981-2020,the changing characteristics of three elements needed for the calculation of the comfort index of human body(CIHB)were discussed,and daily CIHB wa...Based on the daily meteorological data of Bengbu City during 1981-2020,the changing characteristics of three elements needed for the calculation of the comfort index of human body(CIHB)were discussed,and daily CIHB was classified and discussed.The results show that from 1981 to 2020,annual average temperature tended to increase significantly.Annual average wind speed and relative humidity showed a decreasing trend before 2011 but an increasing trend after 2011.The duration of the four seasons in Bengbu City mainly rose in spring,reduced in winter,declined first and then increased in summer,and rose first and then decreased in autumn.As CIHB was at grades 1 and 9(the most uncomfortable),the three factors had different effects on them.For cold weather,the influence of relative humidity and wind speed on CIHB can not be ignored besides temperature.In hot weather,the influence of temperature was dominant,and the change of annual average temperature could well correspond to the change in the number of very hot days.In the context of climate warming,the number of cold days tended to decline generally,but it was larger in the years with fewer very cold days.Under the background of climate warming,there was no obvious change in the number of days of the overall comfort of human body.The number of hot days was closely related to the duration of summer,and the number of days of grade 8 rose significantly in the years with an increase in the duration of summer.展开更多
[ Objective] The study aimed to forecast human body feeling temperature. [ Method] Using air temperature data outside shutter boxes of cement and asphalt underlying surface at 1.5 m and conventional observation data f...[ Objective] The study aimed to forecast human body feeling temperature. [ Method] Using air temperature data outside shutter boxes of cement and asphalt underlying surface at 1.5 m and conventional observation data from 2008 to 2010 as well as T639 and Japan numerical forecast product, the characteristics of the minimum temperature in winter half year and the maximum temperature in summer half year in Changzhou were analyzed, and the prediction equation of the maximum temperature from May to September as well as year-round comfort prediction index were es- tablished. Moreover, the announcement platform of human body feeling temperature was developed to forecast it. [ Result] There remained a tiny discrepancy in the winter minimum temperature between inside and outside shutter box, and clays with the minimum temperature difference lower than 2 ℃ accounted for 94.3% of total days. However, the summer maximum temperature difference between inside and outside shutter box was larger, and days with the maximum temperature difference higher than 2 ℃ accounted for 82.0%, while the maximum difference was 5.5 ℃. The prediction accuracy of the inside maximum temperature was 78%. Wind was considered as the primary factor based on the effective temperature, and comfort index forecast and service were determined based on human feelings, dress, meteorological care and so forth. Both human body feel- ing temperature and comfort index forecast were released in the temperature forecast service. [ Condusion] The prediction of human body feeling temperature could provide scientific references for people＇s dress and traveling in daily life.展开更多
利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年I...利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年ICHB升高率为0.76·(10a)-1,各气候区年ICHB升高率为(0.57~0.98)·(10a)^(-1)。季ICHB升高率在时间上表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。(2)年ICHB和季ICHB的升高率在空间上表现为西部>北部>东北部>东南部>中部、南部边缘。(3)PICHB空间上表现为寒冷特不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、西部及东北部的高山上;冷不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部及南部边缘的高山上;冷不舒适、中度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部和南部边缘等区域的较低海拔地区;凉较不舒适、轻度高原反应的区域主要分布在东南部和南部边缘地区;不冷不热舒适、无高原反应的区域主要分布在错那县南部和墨脱县南部。随着西藏高原近40 a和未来气候“暖湿化”的变化趋势,各地月ICHB、季ICHB、年ICHB明显提高,PICHB也发生相应的变化,均向着舒适度升高的方向发展。展开更多
选取中国东部长江三角洲城市群区域作为研究对象,采用中国区域最新的土地覆盖资料ChinaLC,利用中尺度气象模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)对国际耦合模式比较计划第五阶段(CMIP5)中CESM(Community Earth System Model...选取中国东部长江三角洲城市群区域作为研究对象,采用中国区域最新的土地覆盖资料ChinaLC,利用中尺度气象模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)对国际耦合模式比较计划第五阶段(CMIP5)中CESM(Community Earth System Model)气候模式提供的RCP4.5(Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5)情景预估结果进行动力降尺度,以此模拟研究了未来增温1.5℃/2.0℃时的区域气候变化情况。结果表明:CESM数据作为侧边界资料驱动WRF模式得到的降尺度模拟结果,与历史时期(1996—2005年)的气温观测数据相比,在空间分布上有较高的吻合度,该降尺度方案可以为未来区域气温变化的预估提供较为可靠的数据;长三角地区在到达全球增温1.5℃(2025—2034年)/2.0℃(2042—2051年)时,区域平均气温与历史同期相比分别升高了0.8℃和1.47℃;空间分布上,增温最明显的区域主要集中在城市及其周边镶嵌体区域;随着全球增暖,区域平均高温热浪频次在增温1.5℃/2.0℃时期较历史同期分别增加了47%和100%,热浪强度分别增加了71%和129%;进一步通过对人体舒适度分析发现,与2.0℃升温阈值相比,控制增暖在1.5℃以内,极不舒适覆盖区域影响的人口数预计可减少5602.9万人。展开更多
文摘Based on the daily meteorological data of Bengbu City during 1981-2020,the changing characteristics of three elements needed for the calculation of the comfort index of human body(CIHB)were discussed,and daily CIHB was classified and discussed.The results show that from 1981 to 2020,annual average temperature tended to increase significantly.Annual average wind speed and relative humidity showed a decreasing trend before 2011 but an increasing trend after 2011.The duration of the four seasons in Bengbu City mainly rose in spring,reduced in winter,declined first and then increased in summer,and rose first and then decreased in autumn.As CIHB was at grades 1 and 9(the most uncomfortable),the three factors had different effects on them.For cold weather,the influence of relative humidity and wind speed on CIHB can not be ignored besides temperature.In hot weather,the influence of temperature was dominant,and the change of annual average temperature could well correspond to the change in the number of very hot days.In the context of climate warming,the number of cold days tended to decline generally,but it was larger in the years with fewer very cold days.Under the background of climate warming,there was no obvious change in the number of days of the overall comfort of human body.The number of hot days was closely related to the duration of summer,and the number of days of grade 8 rose significantly in the years with an increase in the duration of summer.
基金Supported by the Fund of Jiangsu Meteorological Bureau,China(200609)
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to forecast human body feeling temperature. [ Method] Using air temperature data outside shutter boxes of cement and asphalt underlying surface at 1.5 m and conventional observation data from 2008 to 2010 as well as T639 and Japan numerical forecast product, the characteristics of the minimum temperature in winter half year and the maximum temperature in summer half year in Changzhou were analyzed, and the prediction equation of the maximum temperature from May to September as well as year-round comfort prediction index were es- tablished. Moreover, the announcement platform of human body feeling temperature was developed to forecast it. [ Result] There remained a tiny discrepancy in the winter minimum temperature between inside and outside shutter box, and clays with the minimum temperature difference lower than 2 ℃ accounted for 94.3% of total days. However, the summer maximum temperature difference between inside and outside shutter box was larger, and days with the maximum temperature difference higher than 2 ℃ accounted for 82.0%, while the maximum difference was 5.5 ℃. The prediction accuracy of the inside maximum temperature was 78%. Wind was considered as the primary factor based on the effective temperature, and comfort index forecast and service were determined based on human feelings, dress, meteorological care and so forth. Both human body feel- ing temperature and comfort index forecast were released in the temperature forecast service. [ Condusion] The prediction of human body feeling temperature could provide scientific references for people＇s dress and traveling in daily life.
文摘利用西藏高原38个气象站1981-2020年逐日气象观测资料及1970-2000年30 s空间分辨率气候数据,对人体舒适度指数(ICHB)及高原人体舒适度指数(PICHB)时空变化特征进行分析。研究表明:(1)西藏高原近40 a ICHB呈显著上升趋势,整个西藏高原年ICHB升高率为0.76·(10a)-1,各气候区年ICHB升高率为(0.57~0.98)·(10a)^(-1)。季ICHB升高率在时间上表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季。(2)年ICHB和季ICHB的升高率在空间上表现为西部>北部>东北部>东南部>中部、南部边缘。(3)PICHB空间上表现为寒冷特不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、西部及东北部的高山上;冷不舒适、重度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部及南部边缘的高山上;冷不舒适、中度高原反应的区域主要分布在北部、中部和南部边缘等区域的较低海拔地区;凉较不舒适、轻度高原反应的区域主要分布在东南部和南部边缘地区;不冷不热舒适、无高原反应的区域主要分布在错那县南部和墨脱县南部。随着西藏高原近40 a和未来气候“暖湿化”的变化趋势,各地月ICHB、季ICHB、年ICHB明显提高,PICHB也发生相应的变化,均向着舒适度升高的方向发展。
文摘选取中国东部长江三角洲城市群区域作为研究对象,采用中国区域最新的土地覆盖资料ChinaLC,利用中尺度气象模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)对国际耦合模式比较计划第五阶段(CMIP5)中CESM(Community Earth System Model)气候模式提供的RCP4.5(Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5)情景预估结果进行动力降尺度,以此模拟研究了未来增温1.5℃/2.0℃时的区域气候变化情况。结果表明:CESM数据作为侧边界资料驱动WRF模式得到的降尺度模拟结果,与历史时期(1996—2005年)的气温观测数据相比,在空间分布上有较高的吻合度,该降尺度方案可以为未来区域气温变化的预估提供较为可靠的数据;长三角地区在到达全球增温1.5℃(2025—2034年)/2.0℃(2042—2051年)时,区域平均气温与历史同期相比分别升高了0.8℃和1.47℃;空间分布上,增温最明显的区域主要集中在城市及其周边镶嵌体区域;随着全球增暖,区域平均高温热浪频次在增温1.5℃/2.0℃时期较历史同期分别增加了47%和100%,热浪强度分别增加了71%和129%;进一步通过对人体舒适度分析发现,与2.0℃升温阈值相比,控制增暖在1.5℃以内,极不舒适覆盖区域影响的人口数预计可减少5602.9万人。
