It is true that there is a double standard still at work in international justice, however, it is not the ICC but international politics and states＇ perceived political interests that are to blame.
This article explores what kind of a role‘the rise of China’plays in negotiation and searches for common ground between Finnish and Chinese representatives in the context of Chinese investment,trade and cooperation ...This article explores what kind of a role‘the rise of China’plays in negotiation and searches for common ground between Finnish and Chinese representatives in the context of Chinese investment,trade and cooperation facilitation initiatives in Finland.The study predominantly builds on the positioning theory,and the data collection methods of this study are interviewing and observation.Five styles of positioning regarding power and common ground are found–adjustment,use of existing common ground,autonomy,‘soft’power and pressure/hedging,the character of which corresponds to phases of Chinese five elements theory(wu xing).While data suggest that both Finnish and Chinese representatives use all these strategies,the trend is that Finnish representatives use active responses such as adjustment and pressure/hedging more,while Chinese representatives more often resort to autonomy stance.A variety of both external and internal factors influencing positioning could also be traced,such as organisational roles in situation,place of meeting,discourses about countries and considerations of‘face’.展开更多
This paper interrogates the pragmatic choice of the rhetorical question(RQ)as a linguistic resource in some disputational discourse in the verses of the English translated Qur’an.It argues that the choice of this sen...This paper interrogates the pragmatic choice of the rhetorical question(RQ)as a linguistic resource in some disputational discourse in the verses of the English translated Qur’an.It argues that the choice of this sentence-type not only puts the speaker in a position of control in powerful assertion of facts,but also strengthens the pragmatic acts in the context to be more emphatic.Adopting Mey’s(2001)Pragmatic Acts theory and Caponigro and Sprouse’s(2007)Concept of Common Ground,the paper does a close reading of the last forty Quranic chapters for a critical analysis and finds that RQ accounts for 15%(61)of the 410 verses in the seventeen(17)chapters that have RQs out of the last forty chapters investigated.We find that the Authorial Voice in the Qur’an employs the RQ as an argumentative strategy to perform the pragmatic acts of challenging,inviting,affirming,reminding,reinforcing,assuring,appealing,and warning in series of intellectual engagements with the addressees in order to put them in a reflective mode.It is concluded that the RQ is an effective,dialogic,evidence-gathering,change-seeking pragmatic tool for securing improved attitude and ideological understanding from the addressees.Addressees are sought after to be convinced by the Speaker in a dialogue,and then left alone to decide,which presents the Speaker as One that uses rational argument in the context of disputation to persuade humans in real dialogues so as to seek change.展开更多
文摘It is true that there is a double standard still at work in international justice, however, it is not the ICC but international politics and states＇ perceived political interests that are to blame.
文摘This article explores what kind of a role‘the rise of China’plays in negotiation and searches for common ground between Finnish and Chinese representatives in the context of Chinese investment,trade and cooperation facilitation initiatives in Finland.The study predominantly builds on the positioning theory,and the data collection methods of this study are interviewing and observation.Five styles of positioning regarding power and common ground are found–adjustment,use of existing common ground,autonomy,‘soft’power and pressure/hedging,the character of which corresponds to phases of Chinese five elements theory(wu xing).While data suggest that both Finnish and Chinese representatives use all these strategies,the trend is that Finnish representatives use active responses such as adjustment and pressure/hedging more,while Chinese representatives more often resort to autonomy stance.A variety of both external and internal factors influencing positioning could also be traced,such as organisational roles in situation,place of meeting,discourses about countries and considerations of‘face’.
文摘High-level exchanges indicate growing common interests between China and the United States Since the start of 2011, there have been frequent exchanges
文摘This paper interrogates the pragmatic choice of the rhetorical question(RQ)as a linguistic resource in some disputational discourse in the verses of the English translated Qur’an.It argues that the choice of this sentence-type not only puts the speaker in a position of control in powerful assertion of facts,but also strengthens the pragmatic acts in the context to be more emphatic.Adopting Mey’s(2001)Pragmatic Acts theory and Caponigro and Sprouse’s(2007)Concept of Common Ground,the paper does a close reading of the last forty Quranic chapters for a critical analysis and finds that RQ accounts for 15%(61)of the 410 verses in the seventeen(17)chapters that have RQs out of the last forty chapters investigated.We find that the Authorial Voice in the Qur’an employs the RQ as an argumentative strategy to perform the pragmatic acts of challenging,inviting,affirming,reminding,reinforcing,assuring,appealing,and warning in series of intellectual engagements with the addressees in order to put them in a reflective mode.It is concluded that the RQ is an effective,dialogic,evidence-gathering,change-seeking pragmatic tool for securing improved attitude and ideological understanding from the addressees.Addressees are sought after to be convinced by the Speaker in a dialogue,and then left alone to decide,which presents the Speaker as One that uses rational argument in the context of disputation to persuade humans in real dialogues so as to seek change.
